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工程设计学报  2024, Vol. 31 Issue (2): 230-237    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2024.03.135
机器人与机构设计     
一种柔性采摘机械臂的运动学分析与仿真
张伟涛(),赵栋杰(),王禄,包新棉,黄保赛
聊城大学 机械与汽车工程学院,山东 聊城 252059
Kinematics analysis and simulation of a flexible picking robot arm
Weitao ZHANG(),Dongjie ZHAO(),Lu WANG,Xinmian BAO,Baosai HUANG
School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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摘要:

针对刚性机械臂在果蔬采摘作业中的不足,设计了一种结构简单、运动灵活的柔性采摘机械臂。首先,基于等圆弧假设建立了柔性采摘机械臂的运动学模型,对其进行了从关节空间到操作空间和从驱动空间到关节空间的正、逆运动学分析以及各柔性关节之间的解耦分析。然后,利用MATLAB软件对柔性采摘机械臂的运动学模型进行了数值计算,同时利用ADAMS软件建立柔性采摘机械臂的虚拟样机模型,选用与理论分析相同的工况开展运动学仿真,验证了理论分析结果的准确性。仿真结果表明,该柔性采摘机械臂可实现灵活、协调运动。研究结果可为后续柔性机械臂的运动控制提供依据。

关键词: 柔性采摘机械臂运动学模型仿真分析    
Abstract:

Aiming at the shortcomings of rigid robot arm in fruit and vegetable picking, a flexible picking robot arm with simple structure and flexible movement was designed. Firstly, the kinematics model of the flexible picking robot arm was established based on the equal arc hypothesis, and the forward and inverse kinematics analysis from joint space to operation space and from driving space to joint space was carried out, as well as the decoupling analysis between the flexible joints. Then, the kinematics models of the flexible picking robot arm were numerically calculated by using MATLAB software, and the virtual prototype model of the flexible picking robot arm was established by ADAMS software. The kinematics simulation was carried out under the same working conditions as the theoretical analysis, and the accuracy of the theoretical analysis results was verified. The simulation results showed that the flexible picking robot arm could move flexibly and coordinatedly. The research results can provide a basis for the subsequent motion control of flexible robot arms.

Key words: flexible picking robot arm    kinematics model    simulation analysis
收稿日期: 2023-03-23 出版日期: 2024-04-26
CLC:  TH 113  
基金资助: 山东省重点研发计划资助项目(2017NC212010);山东省高校科研计划项目(J18KB009)
通讯作者: 赵栋杰     E-mail: 1256587669@qq.com;zhaodongjie@lcu.edu.cn
作者简介: 张伟涛(1997—),男,山东枣庄人,硕士生,从事柔性机器人技术研究,E-mail: 1256587669@qq.com,https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6818-0753
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引用本文:

张伟涛,赵栋杰,王禄,包新棉,黄保赛. 一种柔性采摘机械臂的运动学分析与仿真[J]. 工程设计学报, 2024, 31(2): 230-237.

Weitao ZHANG,Dongjie ZHAO,Lu WANG,Xinmian BAO,Baosai HUANG. Kinematics analysis and simulation of a flexible picking robot arm[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2024, 31(2): 230-237.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2024.03.135        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2024/V31/I2/230

图1  果蔬采摘机器人结构
图2  柔性采摘机械臂结构
图3  柔性采摘机械臂的空间映射关系
图4  柔性臂关节坐标系及联接座绳孔分布示意
图5  柔性关节运动示意
图6  柔性关节弯曲运动示意
图7  基于PSO的柔性采摘机械臂逆运动学分析流程
目标点/mmα1θ1α2θ2α3θ3
(130, 100, 1 460)2.770.29-3.140.795.43-0.79
(140, 200, 1 360)6.29-0.59-2.89-1.24-3.64-0.11
(150, 300, 1 260)5.93-0.83-2.79-1.54-1.190.22
(160, 400, 1 160)5.040.62-0.33-1.592.860.13
(170, 500, 1 000)-4.39-0.53-0.481.59-5.920.63
表1  柔性采摘机械臂的逆运动学求解结果 (rad)
图8  柔性单元结构示意
图9  柔性单元固定端截面示意
图10  单关节运动时柔性采摘机械臂的运动学分析结果
图11  三关节联合运动时柔性采摘机械臂的运动学分析结果
图12  柔性采摘机械臂虚拟样机模型
图13  不同运动情况下柔性采摘机械臂末端位置的变化曲线对比
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