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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (2): 368-378    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.02.018
    
Spatial walking accessibility evaluation and layout optimization of community commercial facilities: the case of Shaoxing
Chen HUA1,2,3,*(),Xue-wen ZHOU1,3(),Yong-hua LI1,3,Feng-zhen CHANG1
1. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. The Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Limited Company, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract  

In the context of the 15-min life circle planning, the quantitative characteristics and accessibility characteristics of 1729 residential quarters and community commercial facilities in District III of Shaoxing City were examined by using kernel density estimation, spatial correlation matrix analysis, network analysis and inverse distance weight, by which the spatial layout and the walking accessibility characteristics were quantitatively evaluated. Results showed that the spatial layout of community commercial facilities varied significantly, and in diverse living circles and administrative divisions, the specific rules of the accessibility of commercial facilities in various communities were shown. Meanwhile, the overall accessibility level of community commercial facilities in District III of Shaoxing City varied significantly. Given the existing problems such as unbalanced regional distribution of community commercial facilities, noticeable differences in business forms, and inadequate road facilities, optimization suggestions were put forward, such as comprehensively improving the coverage rate of community commercial facilities, strengthening the construction of urban traffic network, and vigorously developing convenient community commercial facilities. Hence, the layout and planning of urban commercial facilities can be further clarified, the quality of life, the vitality of community development and the value of land use can be improved and enhanced.

Key words： community commercial facility      walking accessibility evaluation      layout optimization      empirical data      point of interest (POI)     
Received: 24 March 2021      Published: 03 March 2022
CLC:  TU 984.11  
Corresponding Authors: Chen HUA     E-mail: huachen1212@zju.edu.cn;21912247@zju.edu.cn
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Cite this article:

Chen HUA,Xue-wen ZHOU,Yong-hua LI,Feng-zhen CHANG. Spatial walking accessibility evaluation and layout optimization of community commercial facilities: the case of Shaoxing. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(2): 368-378.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.02.018     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2022/V56/I2/368


社区商业设施空间步行可达性评价及布局优化——以绍兴市三区为例

在15 min生活圈规划背景下，采用核密度分析、空间相关矩阵分析、网络分析和反距离加权插值分析等方法，对绍兴市三区1729个居住小区和社区商业设施展开数量特征和可达性特征研究，定量化评价其空间布局及步行可达性特征. 结果表明：社区商业设施空间布局差异显著；不同生活圈范围和不同行政区划内，各类社区商业设施可达性呈现一定的规律；绍兴市三区的社区商业设施总体可达性水平差异显著. 针对所存在的社区商业设施区域分布不均、业态差异明显、道路设施不完善等问题，提出全面提升社区商业设施覆盖率、加强城市交通网络建设、大力发展便民型社区商业设施等优化建议，有助于进一步明确城市社区商业设施布局和规划，提升居民生活质量、增强社区发展活力，提高土地利用价值.


关键词： 社区商业设施,  步行可达性评价,  布局优化,  数据实证,  兴趣点(POI) 
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of study area
序号 可达性分类 出行时间 生活圈
1 可达性较好 <5 min 5 min生活圈
2 可达性一般 5~10 min 10 min生活圈
3 可达性较差 10~15 min 15 min生活圈
Tab.1 Accessibility division of community commercial facilities based on life circle
Fig.2 Community commercial facilities kernel density, resident population density distribution and road network density distribution in Shaoxing city
Fig.3 Analysis of kernel density of three types of community commercial facilities
行政区域 ρf/
（点·km?2） 		Nf ρp/
(人·km?2） 		Np
塔山街道 37.79 1 17620.57 1
蕺山街道 25.31 2 12715.81 2
迪荡街道 21.18 3 2240.17 9
柯桥街道 20.17 4 4236.05 5
百官街道 13.18 5 3003.54 7
齐贤街道 9.61 6 1490.79 16
府山街道 9.11 7 4523.89 4
北海街道 8.49 8 8539.94 3
华舍街道 8.07 9 2221.18 10
$\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $ $\vdots $
Tab.2 Comparison of average density of commercial facilities and density of permanent residents in various townships and streets in Shaoxing City
图层 道路网 总体社区商业设施 休闲娱乐 餐饮 购物
道路网 1.00 ? ? ? ?
总体社区商业设施 0.52 1.00 ? ? ?
休闲娱乐 0.67 0.75 1.00 ? ?
餐饮 0.60 0.95 0.85 1.00 ?
购物 0.38 0.88 0.44 0.73 1.00
Tab.3 Spatial correlation matrix of road network and community commercial facilities
Fig.4 Distribution of number of community commercial facilities within fifteen-minute living circle
商业业态类别 可达性较好（5 min） 可达性一般（5~10 min） 可达性较差（10~15 min） 合计 ntotal
na Pa/% na Pa/% na Pa/% na Pa/%
购物 388 22.44 567 32.79 414 23.94 1369 79.18 1729
餐饮 432 24.99 456 26.37 331 19.14 1219 70.50
休闲娱乐 205 11.86 175 10.12 137 7.92 517 29.90
合计 1025 59.28 1198 69.29 882 51.01 3105 179.58 1729
Tab.4 Comparison of walking accessibility of commercial facilities in each community within fifteen-minute living circle
Fig.5 Analysis of service scope of three types of community commercial facilities
序号 行政区域 A/
km2		 ρp/
（万人·km?2） 		商业业态 可达性较好（5 min） 可达性一般（5~10 min） 可达性较差（10~15 min） 合计
Ac/km2 Pc/% Ac/km2 Pc/% Ac/km2 Pc/% Ac/km2 Pc/%
1 越城区 493.00 0.1560 购物 172.53 34.99 81.88 16.61 69.91 14.18 324.32 65.79
2 越城区 493.00 0.1560 餐饮 184.35 37.39 115.53 23.43 97.85 19.85 397.73 80.68
3 越城区 493.00 0.1560 休闲娱乐 71.89 14.58 48.35 9.81 41.38 8.39 161.62 32.78
4 柯桥区 1067.69 0.0644 购物 177.88 16.66 146.03 16.68 117.65 11.02 441.56 41.36
5 柯桥区 1067.69 0.0644 餐饮 146.09 13.68 134.41 12.59 133.48 12.50 413.98 38.77
6 柯桥区 1067.69 0.0644 休闲娱乐 87.03 8.15 77.89 7.30 60.85 5.70 225.77 21.15
7 上虞区 1401.68 0.0556 购物 144.73 10.33 109.64 7.82 105.08 7.50 120.40 25.64
8 上虞区 1401.68 0.0556 餐饮 169.30 12.08 148.28 10.58 129.09 9.21 148.88 31.87
9 上虞区 1401.68 0.0556 休闲娱乐 97.56 6.96 79.61 5.68 63.46 4.53 73.67 17.17
10 汇总 2962.37 0.0755 购物 495.14 16.71 337.55 11.39 292.64 9.88 1125.33 37.99
11 汇总 2962.37 0.0755 餐饮 499.74 16.87 398.22 13.44 360.42 12.17 1258.38 42.48
12 汇总 2962.37 0.0755 休闲娱乐 256.48 8.66 205.85 6.95 165.69 5.59 628.02 21.20
Tab.5 Analysis of service scope of three types of community commercial facilities
Fig.6 Analysis of walking accessibility of commercial facilities in overall three types of communities
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