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| Review of environmental heavy metal detection based on microelectrode arrays |
Yiming YU1( ),Wei CAI1,2,*(),Yi LI3,Wei FU3,Xu YAO1,Tingyi ZHANG1,Shangqi DIAO1,Dan LI1,Songqing LIN1,Yongshun CHEN1 |
1. Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
2. Advanced Institute of Ocean Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
3. School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China |
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Abstract Compared with conventional electrodes, microelectrode arrays have the advantages of high mass transfer rate, high current density and high signal-to-noise ratio. The analysis of environmental samples (such as soil, river and lake water) which are highly susceptible to heavy metal contamination using microelectrode arrays is a hot research spot in the field of heavy metal detection. The detection performance of heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, lead and copper could be enhanced by utilizing the micro-nano processing technology to construct various structures of microelectrode arrays and combining with the electrochemical voltammetry technology. By optimizing electrode structures and modifying them with sensitive materials like mercury films, gold nanoparticles, graphene and metal-organic frameworks, the detection limits of heavy metals can be further reduced, and the linear ranges can be broadened. The performance of the unique structures and the modified materials of microelectrode arrays in qualitative and quantitative analysis of heavy metals, and the anti-interference capabilities of microelectrode arrays in the detection of real environmental samples were systematically summarized.
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Received: 14 January 2025
Published: 15 December 2025
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| Fund: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2022YFC3104700）；广东省珠江人才计划资助项目（2021QN02H436）；深圳市自然科学基金资助项目（JCYJ20220530113013030）. |
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Corresponding Authors:
Wei CAI
E-mail: 12332257@mail.sustech.edu.cn;caiw@sustech.edu.cn
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Cite this article:
Yiming YU,Wei CAI,Yi LI,Wei FU,Xu YAO,Tingyi ZHANG,Shangqi DIAO,Dan LI,Songqing LIN,Yongshun CHEN. Review of environmental heavy metal detection based on microelectrode arrays. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2026, 60(1): 217-230.
URL:
https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.01.021 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2026/V60/I1/217
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基于微电极阵列的环境重金属检测研究进展
微电极阵列相较于常规电极具有传质速率高、电流密度大、信噪比高等优势，利用微电极阵列分析土壤、河水、湖水等极易受到重金属污染的环境样品是重金属检测领域的研究热点. 采用微纳加工工艺构建不同结构的微电极阵列，结合电化学伏安技术，能够提升对锌、镉、铅、铜等重金属的检测性能. 通过优化电极结构和修饰敏感材料如汞膜、纳米金、石墨烯、金属有机框架等，可以进一步降低重金属检出限并拓宽线性范围. 系统地综述微电极阵列的独特结构与修饰材料在重金属定性和定量分析方面的性能，及其在实际环境样品检测中的抗干扰能力.
关键词：
微电极阵列,
微纳加工,
重金属,
电化学分析,
伏安法
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