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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (1): 121-129    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.013
交通工程、土木工程     
增强型集气覆盖层闭气能力影响因素及优化布置
李光耀1,2,3(),刘思达1,李鹤4,*(),詹良通2,夏敏2
1. 北京工业大学 城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室，北京 100124
2. 浙江大学 软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310058
3. 北京工业大学重庆研究院，重庆 401151
4. 浙江大学建筑设计研究院有限公司，浙江 杭州 310028
Factors affecting gas closure capacity of enhanced gas collection cover and optimized arrangement
Guangyao LI1,2,3(),Sida LIU1,He LI4,*(),Liangtong ZHAN2,Min XIA2
1. Key Laboratory of Urban and Engineering Safety and Disaster Reduction of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2. MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Chongqing Research Institute of Beijing University of Technology, Chongqing 401151, China
4. The Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Limited Company, Hangzhou 310028, China
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摘要：

为了实现我国生活垃圾填埋场的高效集气，消除填埋气无序逸散造成的环境污染及人身安全问题，提出由HDPE土工膜、膜下集气管和土质调节层构成的增强型集气覆盖层(EGCC)结构. 采用Geo-studio软件中的Air/W模块，分析增强型集气覆盖层的闭气效果及其影响因素. 结果表明，土质调节层的固有渗透率、膜下集气管的抽气压力和单层填埋垃圾的厚度是影响增强型集气覆盖层闭气效果的3个主要因素. 膜下最大气压随着土质调节层的固有渗透率的降低、膜下集气管抽气压力的提高和单层填埋垃圾厚度的提高而增大. 提出基于土质调节层的固有渗透率和膜下集气管抽气压力的膜下集气管布置间距估算公式，建议优先选用当地容易获得的中砂或更粗的土料作为土质调节层. 在深圳下坪填埋场采用增强型集气覆盖层并结合集气井技术后，2014—2019年期间填埋气收集量提升7倍以上，收集率由不到30%提升至超过90%.
关键词： 垃圾填埋场;  填埋气;  增强型集气覆盖层(EGCC);  集气管间距;  优化布置    
Abstract:

Enhanced gas collection cover (EGCC) was proposed in order to achieve efficient gas collection from municipal solid waste landfills in China and eliminate environmental pollution and personal safety issues caused by the disorderly release of landfill gas. This facility from top to bottom includes a HDPE geomembrane, gas collection pipes and a soil regulating layer. The Air/W module in Geo-studio software was used to analyze the gas closure performance of the EGCC and relevant influencing factors. Results show that the inherent permeability of the soil regulating layer, the extraction pressure within the gas collection pipes, and the thickness of the landfilled waste are three main factors that affect the gas closure performance of the EGCC. The maximum pressure under the HDPE geomembrane increases with the decrease in the inherent permeability of the soil regulating layer, the increase in the extraction pressure within the gas collection pipes and the increase in the thickness of the landfilled waste. A formula for estimating the arrangement spacing of the gas collection pipes based on the soil regulating layer and the extraction pressure within the gas collection pipes was proposed. It is recommended that preference should be given to locally available medium sand or coarser soils as soil regulating layers. Xiaping Landfill in Shenzhen had achieved a 7-fold increase in landfill gas collection rate from 2014 to 2019 after adopting the EGCC combined with multiple gas extraction wells, with a landfill gas collection efficiency increasing from less than 30% to over 90%.
Key words: municipal solid waste landfill    landfill gas    enhanced gas collection cover (EGCC)    arrangement spacing of gas collection pipes    optimized arrangement
收稿日期: 2023-04-12 出版日期: 2023-11-07
CLC:  TU 43  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金青年资助项目（42107186）；重庆市自然科学基金面上资助项目（CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0279）；软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目（2021P01）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2018YFC1802300）
通讯作者: 李鹤     E-mail: geoguangyao@bjut.edu.cn;lihe2404@126.com
作者简介: 李光耀（1991—），男，讲师，博士，从事环境岩土工程与非饱和土力学的研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-6044. E-mail： geoguangyao@bjut.edu.cn
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引用本文:

李光耀,刘思达,李鹤,詹良通,夏敏. 增强型集气覆盖层闭气能力影响因素及优化布置[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(1): 121-129.

Guangyao LI,Sida LIU,He LI,Liangtong ZHAN,Min XIA. Factors affecting gas closure capacity of enhanced gas collection cover and optimized arrangement. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(1): 121-129.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.013    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I1/121

图 1  增强型集气覆盖层的结构示意图
图 2  增强型集气覆盖层的计算模型
工况编号 土质调节层 集气管 H/m
K/（10?11 m2） h/m p/kPa D/m 埋设位置
1-1 100 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 层中 5
1-2 10 0.2 ?1.5 0.1
1-3 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1
1-4 0.1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1
1-5 0.01 0.2 ?1.5 0.1
2-1 1 0.10 ?1.5 0.1 层中 5
2-2 1 0.15 ?1.5 0.1
2-3 1 0.20 ?1.5 0.1
2-4 1 0.25 ?1.5 0.1
2-5 1 0.30 ?1.5 0.1
3-1 1 0.2 0 0.1 层中 5
3-2 1 0.2 ?0.5 0.1
3-3 1 0.2 ?1.0 0.1
3-4 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1
3-5 1 0.2 ?2.0 0.1
4-1 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.05 层中 5
4-2 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.10
4-3 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.15
4-4 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.20
5-1 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 层上 5
5-2 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 层中
5-3 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 层下
6-1 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 层中 5
6-2 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 6
6-3 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 7
6-4 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 8
6-5 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 9
6-6 1 0.2 ?1.5 0.1 10
表 1  增强型集气覆盖层闭气效果的分析工况汇总
图 3  不同垃圾厚度对应的产气速率
图 4  代表性工况3~5的数值分析结果
图 5  不同工况第100天时膜下气压与模型水平距离的关系
图 6  作图法确定集气管布置间距（集气管抽气压力为−1.5 kPa）
图 7  集气管间距的估算方法
类型 K/m2 L/m
p = 0 kPa p = ?1 kPa p = ?2 kPa p = ?3 kPa p = ?4 kPa p = ?5 kPa
碎石、粗砂 10?11~10?10 0.3~3.0 0.8~8.0 2~22 6~60 17~170 45~450
中砂 10?12~10?11 0.03~0.3 0.08~0.8 0.2~2 0.6~6 1.7~17 4.5~45
细砂、粉砂 10?13~10?12 0.003~0.03 0.008~0.08 0.02~0.2 0.06~0.6 0.17~1.7 0.45~4.5
表 2  不同类型粗粒土对应的集气管间距
图 8  深圳下坪填埋场全场集输气管网布置
图 9  深圳下坪填埋场填埋气产生速率和收集速率随时间的变化
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