基于用户负荷量化的供热系统二级网运行优化

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.08.009

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2025, Vol. 59

Issue (8): 1624-1633 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.08.009

机械工程、能源工程

基于用户负荷量化的供热系统二级网运行优化

周旭1,2(

),杨子毓1,张俊伟1,吴燕玲3,*(

),林小杰3,钟崴1,3,刘宝芹2

1. 浙江大学工程师学院，浙江杭州 310015
2. 济南热力集团有限公司，山东济南 250000
3. 浙江大学能源工程学院，浙江杭州 310007

Optimization of secondary network operation of heating system based on user load quantification

Xu ZHOU1,2(

),Ziyu YANG1,Junwei ZHANG1,Yanling WU3,*(

),Xiaojie LIN3,Wei ZHONG1,3,Baoqin LIU2

1. Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
2. Jinan Heating Group Limited Company, Jinan 250000, China
3. College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China

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摘要：

针对用户热负荷评估不精确导致的供热系统供热不均衡问题，建立基于机理的供热负荷量化模型，基于用户热负荷的精确量化，提出供热二级网的运行优化方法. 根据建筑特性和气候条件分析不同用户的实际用热需求，结合管网水力和热力建模分析，采用粒子群优化算法，对用户和二次侧阀门开度进行寻优，得到匹配用户负荷的最佳阀门开度调节策略. 案例分析结果显示，优化后热用户的回水温度整体方差较优化前降低了12.16%，二级网循环水泵电耗减少了16.46%. 在保证供热系统水力平衡的基础上，满足了用户的个性化供热需求，有效提升了热用户舒适度，减少了能源消耗.

关键词： 供热系统; 负荷量化; 机理建模; 运行优化; 二级网

Abstract:

A mechanism-based quantitative model of heat supply load was established aiming at the problem of unbalanced heat supply in the heat supply system caused by inaccurate assessment of user heat load. An operation optimization method for the secondary heat supply network was proposed based on the accurate quantification of user heat load. The actual thermal demand of different users was analyzed according to the building characteristics and climatic conditions. The particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the valve opening of users and the secondary side combined with the hydraulic and thermal modeling analysis of the pipe network. Then the optimal valve opening adjustment strategy matching the user load was obtained. The result of the case analysis showed that the overall variance of backwater temperature of hot users after optimization was reduced by 12.16% compared with that before optimization, and the power consumption of the circulating pump in a secondary network was reduced by 16.46%. The personalized heating needs of users can be met based on ensuring the hydraulic balance of the heating system. Then the comfort of thermal users is effectively improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

Key words: heating system load quantification mechanism modeling operational optimization secondary network

收稿日期: 2024-08-10 出版日期: 2025-07-28

TP 393

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51806190）；浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划资助项目（2024C03117）; 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2023YFE0108600）.

通讯作者: 吴燕玲 E-mail: zhouxu@jinanenergy.cn;shelleywu@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 周旭（1983—），男，博士生，从事供热系统调度应用的研究. orcid.org/0009-0002-2151-2788. E-mail：zhouxu@jinanenergy.cn

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引用本文:

周旭,杨子毓,张俊伟,吴燕玲,林小杰,钟崴,刘宝芹. 基于用户负荷量化的供热系统二级网运行优化[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2025, 59(8): 1624-1633.

Xu ZHOU,Ziyu YANG,Junwei ZHANG,Yanling WU,Xiaojie LIN,Wei ZHONG,Baoqin LIU. Optimization of secondary network operation of heating system based on user load quantification. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(8): 1624-1633.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.08.009 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2025/V59/I8/1624

图 1 供热负荷量化模型的典型应用场景

图 2 基于用户负荷量化的二级网运行优化方法流程图

图 3 案例二级网热用户的位置分布

图 4 案例二级网拓扑结构节点分支的示意图

图 5 案例日的室外温度分布

图 6 各热用户的逐时热负荷分布

图 7 热力站的二次侧供温和流量分布

表 1 某时刻目标流量和实际流量的对比

表 2 优化后循环水泵的逐时电耗对比

图 8 优化后热用户回温方差和历史回温方差分布的对比

图 9 优化后热力站二次侧阀门开度策略的对比

图 10 优化后热用户1~4的阀门开度策略对比

图 11 优化后热用户5~16的阀门开度策略对比

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