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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2025, Vol. 59 Issue (5): 1063-1071    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.05.019
电气工程     
同步磁阻电机非对称转子结构优化设计与分析
柴晓艺1(),董砚1,*(),刘荣哲2
1. 河北工业大学 电气工程学院，天津 300130
2. 珠海格力电器股份有限公司，广东 珠海 519070
Optimal design and analysis of asymmetrical rotor structure for synchronous reluctance motor
Xiaoyi CHAI1(),Yan DONG1,*(),Rongzhe LIU2
1. School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
2. Gree Electric Appliances, Inc. of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519070, China
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摘要：

针对同步磁阻电机（SynRM）转矩脉动大和输出转矩低的问题，提出非对称贝塞尔（Bezier）形转子结构. 利用等价二次Bezier曲线确定磁障边界并建立初始模型，通过改变磁障偏移量进行转子非对称设计. 分析磁障厚度、磁障张角和磁障偏移量对转矩性能的灵敏度，筛选出显著参数. 以提高输出转矩和降低转矩脉动为优化目标，采用多目标蛇算法（MOSO）对显著参数进行优化，根据帕累托（Pareto）前沿解确定目标电机. 对比分析非对称Bezier形、圆弧形、双曲线形转子结构的SynRM转矩性能. 结果表明，在额定电流下，非对称Bezier形较圆弧形转子结构的SynRM转矩提升了2.7 N·m，转矩脉动降低了8.53%，较双曲线形转子结构的SynRM转矩脉动降低了15.49%. 样机实验与仿真结果的对比验证了优化设计方案的可行性.
关键词： 同步磁阻电机;  Bezier形转子结构;  非对称磁障;  平均输出转矩;  低转矩脉动    
Abstract:

An asymmetric Bezier-shaped rotor structure was proposed aiming at the problems such as large torque ripple and low output torque of the synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). The equivalent quadratic Bezier curve was utilized to determine the flux barrier boundary and establish the initial model. The asymmetric design of the rotor was implemented by changing the flux barrier offset. The sensitivity of thickness, endpoint angles, and offset of the flux barrier to the torque performance was analyzed to screen significant parameters. Then the values of the significant parameters were determined by using the multi-objective snake algorithm (MOSO) with the objectives of increasing the output torque and reducing the torque ripple. The target motor was determined based on the Pareto frontier solution. The torque performance of the SynRM with asymmetric Bezier-shaped, circular-shaped, and hyperbolic-shaped rotor structures was compared and analyzed. Results showed that the torque of the SynRM with asymmetric Bezier-shaped rotor structure was increased by 2.7 N·m and the torque ripple was reduced by 8.53% compared with circular-shaped rotor structure under the rated current. The torque ripple was reduced by 15.49% of the SynRM compared with hyperbolic-shaped rotor structure. The feasibility of the optimized design scheme was verified by the comparison between the prototype experiment and the simulation results.
Key words: synchronous reluctance motor    Bezier-shaped rotor structure    asymmetric flux barrier    average output torque    low torque ripple
收稿日期: 2024-03-21 出版日期: 2025-04-25
CLC:  TM 341  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（U20A201284）.
通讯作者: 董砚     E-mail: chaixiaoyi_0107@163.com;dongyan73@hebut.edu.cn
作者简介: 柴晓艺（1999—），女，硕士生，从事同步磁阻电机优化设计的研究. orcid.org/0009-0007-3945-7920.E-mail：chaixiaoyi_0107@163.com
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引用本文:

柴晓艺,董砚,刘荣哲. 同步磁阻电机非对称转子结构优化设计与分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2025, 59(5): 1063-1071.

Xiaoyi CHAI,Yan DONG,Rongzhe LIU. Optimal design and analysis of asymmetrical rotor structure for synchronous reluctance motor. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(5): 1063-1071.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.05.019    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2025/V59/I5/1063

图 1  Bezier形转子结构的几何形状和参数
图 2  圆弧形和双曲线形转子结构的几何形状
图 3  二次Bezier曲线的形成原理
图 4  基于等价二次Bezier曲线的磁障边界形成原理
参数数值
定子外径${D_1}$/mm260
定子内径${D_2}$/mm170
定子槽数$Z$36
转轴直径${d_1}$/mm60
气隙长度$ \delta $/mm0.5
铁心轴向长度$ d_{\mathrm{c}}$/mm155
极对数$ p $2
额定电流${I_{\text{N}}}$/A12.7
表 1  电机的主要参数
图 5  不同磁障层数下Bezier形转子结构的电机转矩曲线
图 6  Bezier形转子结构的优化参数
图 7  Bezier形转子结构的优化流程图
图 8  25个转子结构优化参数对转矩性能的灵敏度
图 9  精英选择和轮盘赌在迭代中排序与参数寻优的机理
图 10  结合精英选择与轮盘赌的MOSO算法流程图
图 11  MOSO与其他算法对转矩性能的Pareto前沿解
图 12  额定电流下3种转子结构的电机转矩及谐波分析
转子结构${T_{{\text{avg}}}}$/(N·m)${T_{\text{r}}}$/%$({L_{{d}} }-L_{{q}})$/mH$\xi $
圆弧形70.5613.59162.809.52
双曲线形73.5420.55169.209.75
Bezier形73.265.06168.908.55
表 2  额定电流下3种转子结构的电机转矩性能
图 13  不同电流下3种转子结构的电机电感及凸极比
图 14  不同电流下3种转子结构的电机转矩性能
图 15  不同电流下3种转子结构的电机功率因数
图 16  不同电流角下3种转子结构的电机转矩性能
图 17  稳态下圆弧形转子结构的应力及应变
图 18  稳态下双曲线形转子结构的应力及应变
图 19  稳态下Bezier形转子结构的应力及应变
图 20  基于DSP的Bezier形转子的SynRM实验平台
图 21  不同电流下Bezier形转子的SynRM转矩实验曲线
$I$/A${T_{{\text{avg}}}}$/(N·m)${T_{\text{r}}}$/%
仿真值实验值仿真值实验值
22.472.4910.0910.26
410.559.728.618.95
623.3622.648.869.25
838.5237.148.699.13
1053.7752.456.727.20
1268.3067.525.336.25
表 3  不同电流下Bezier形转子的SynRM仿真与实验转矩性能
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