1. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China 2. National Engineering Technology Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China 3. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China 4. Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing 401120, China
Forty-eight field data of parameters and fracture developments of typical rockslides in Three Gorges Reservoir were collected. On the basis of following similar guidelines, a three-dimensional physical model of impulse waves generated by cataclastic rockslides in shallow water area was established based on the topography data of the Wanzhou Rive section. In terms of many model tests, measure movement characteristics on the water of rockslides with different shapes and volumes, landslide submergence ratio and maximum near-field wave amplitude. The testing results show that the fractured rock mass produces a velocity gradient along the landslide thickness direction, causing the rock mass to slide layer by layer to the water. The maximum landslide thickness decreases exponentially with the increasing sliding distance. In addition, when the submergence ratio is less than the landslide limit submergence ratio, the near-field amplitudes will decrease sharply with decreasing water depth. The predictive equations were derived using a multi-variable regression analysis of the dimensionless parameters, giving the attenuation equation for the maximum landslide thickness, the empirical equation for landslide submergence ratio and the predictive equation for maximum near-field wave amplitude generated by three-dimensional shallow-water rock landslide. The applicability of predictive equations is validated by the field observation data of Hongyanzi and Gongjiafang cases.
Lin-feng HAN,Ping-yi WANG,Mei-li WANG,Yun LIU. Motion characteristics of cataclastic rockslides and change rules of impulse waves in near-field zone. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(12): 2325-2334.
Fig.3Crack spacing distribution of typical rock landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir
块体编号
l/cm
w/cm
s/cm
块体编号
l/cm
w/cm
s/cm
A1 (D100)
18
12
6
A4 (D40)
6
4
2
A2 (D80)
12
8
4
A5 (D10)
3
2
1
A3 (D60)
9
6
3
?
?
?
?
Tab.1Dimensions of rigid blocks of landslide model
Fig.4Photo of rockslide model
Fig.5Experimental setup for impulse waves generated by three-dimensional rock landslide
Fig.6Ultrasonic wave gage and recorded wave profiles
Fig.7Evolution process of rock landslide thicknesses
Fig.8Landslide thickness in different sections varies with time
Fig.9Maximum landslide thickness varies with sliding distance
Fig.10Comparison of measured and predicted dimensionless maximum slide thickness
Fig.11Evolution process of length of rock landslid
Fig.12Maximum slide length varies with sliding distance
Fig.13Schematic of impulse wave generation zone and splash zone distribution
Fig.14Rock mass deposition above water caused by landslide into shallow water
Fig.15Sketch map of landslide not completely submerged after deposition
滑坡参数
数值
单位
红岩子滑坡
龚家坊滑坡
b
130
194
m
s
10
15
m
l
130
294
m
α
34
53
(°)
h
25
140
m
vm
2.5
11.65
m/s
V
230 000
380 000
m3
R'
70~75
100
%
am
5.8~6.0
31.8
m
Tab.2Observed landslide parameter values in Hongyanzi/Gongjiafang
Fig.16Relationship between maximum near-field wave amplitude and water depth
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