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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (1): 189-194    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.01.022
电气工程     
磷酸铁锂电池内阻分量快速检测方法
潘斌1(),董栋2,钱东培2,钮树强1,刘双宇2,姜银珠1,*()
1. 浙江大学 材料科学与工程学院,浙江 杭州 310058
2. 浙江华云信息科技有限公司,浙江 杭州 310008
Quick identification of internal resistance components for lithium ion battery with LiFePO4 cathode
Bin PAN1(),Dong DONG2,Dong-pei QIAN2,Shu-qiang NIU1,Shuang-yu LIU2,Yin-zhu JIANG1,*()
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Zhejiang Huayun Imformation Technology Limited Company, Hangzhou 310008, China
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摘要:

为了实现锂离子电池(LIB)内阻分量快速检测,提出通过直流内阻(DCR)测试及交流内阻测试,辨识各内阻分量的方法. 以磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象,分别采用Bulter-Volmer方程和二阶等效电路模型,模拟研究表征界面电荷转移、浓差极化过程等效电路的时间常数. 由于电荷转移速度足够快,采用直流脉冲测试获得的瞬时响应内阻通常由欧姆内阻和电化学极化内阻组成,结合交流内阻测试仪内阻检测结果,可以计算得到电化学极化内阻分量. 实验结果显示,该内阻分量测试方法不仅操作简便且具有较高的可靠性,电化学极化内阻辨识结果与电化学阻抗测试结果的最小误差小于5%.

关键词: 锂离子电池(LIB)健康状态内阻等效电路时间常数    
Abstract:

A resistance identification method was proposed by measuring direct current resistance (DCR) and alternating current (AC) resistance in order to quickly test internal resistance components of lithium ion battery (LIB). The characteristics and time constants of each resistance component were analyzed in a case study of LiFePO4 (LFP) battery based on Bulter-Volmer equation and the second order equivalent circuit model. Since the charge transfer process is fast enough, the resistance corresponding to the instantaneous voltage change in DCR test generally includes Ohmic resistance and charge transfer resistance. Then the charge transfer resistance can be distinguished combined with AC internal resistance test results. Results show that the proposed method with simple operations is effective and reliable. The minimum error of the charge transfer resistance is no larger than 5%.

Key words: lithium ion battery (LIB)    state of health    internal resistance    equivalent circuit    time constant
收稿日期: 2020-06-10 出版日期: 2021-01-27
CLC:  TM 912  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51722105)
通讯作者: 姜银珠     E-mail: panbinsp@zju.edu.cn;yzjiang@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 潘斌(1989—),男,博士,从事电池检测技术的研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-0467-4681. E-mail: panbinsp@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

潘斌,董栋,钱东培,钮树强,刘双宇,姜银珠. 磷酸铁锂电池内阻分量快速检测方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(1): 189-194.

Bin PAN,Dong DONG,Dong-pei QIAN,Shu-qiang NIU,Shuang-yu LIU,Yin-zhu JIANG. Quick identification of internal resistance components for lithium ion battery with LiFePO4 cathode. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(1): 189-194.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.01.022        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I1/189

图 1  直流脉冲测试电流及电压信号示意图
图 2  锂离子电池电化学阻抗谱与内阻分量的对应关系
图 3  不同荷电状态下电池电化学阻抗测试结果
SOC Ro /mΩ Cct /F Rct /mΩ τ /ms
1 60.09 2.68 20.69 55.45
5/6 59.77 1.51 14.00 21.07
4/6 63.35 1.49 11.50 17.08
3/6 60.82 1.38 13.34 18.40
2/6 60.28 1.38 13.47 18.55
1/6 60.36 1.23 12.67 15.63
0 60.60 2.58 26.70 68.88
表 1  不同荷电状态下电池电化学阻抗参数拟合结果
图 4  界面电荷转移过程中的电流变化
图 5  锂离子电池等效电路模型
图 6  不同荷电状态下直流内阻测试结果
图 7  直流内阻测试中电压释放阶段模拟结果
SOC τ1 /s τ2 /s Rd1 /mΩ Rd2 /mΩ Rd /mΩ
1/6 25.18 193.52 24.40 9.74 34.14
2/6 30.97 921.05 23.99 15.12 39.11
3/6 22.74 183.15 21.97 9.66 31.63
4/6 21.86 256.04 25.36 12.21 37.57
5/6 29.12 301.70 31.86 20.68 52.54
表 2  采用二阶等效电路时的浓差极化内阻模拟计算结果
图 8  交流内阻测试仪与电化学阻抗测得电池欧姆内阻
图 9  电池电化学极化内阻辨识结果
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