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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (11): 2109-2119    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.11.006
土木工程     
间歇性循环荷载作用下细粒土的变形特性
李亚峰1(),聂如松1,2,*(),冷伍明1,2,程龙虎1,梅慧浩1,董俊利1
1. 中南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙 410075
2. 中南大学 重载铁路工程结构教育部重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410075
Deformation characteristics of fine-grained soil under cyclic dynamic loading with intermittence
Ya-feng LI1(),Ru-song NIE1,2,*(),Wu-ming LENG1,2,Long-hu CHENG1,Hui-hao MEI1,Jun-li DONG1
1. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
2. MOE Key Laboratory of Engineering Structures of Heavy Haul Railway, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
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摘要：

铁路路基承受的列车动荷载作用由列车通过时产生的周期性振动和无列车通过时的加载间歇组成, 针对此工程背景，开展不同围压、水的质量分数、动应力条件下的连续加载与加载-停振的动三轴试验，研究间歇性循环荷载作用下细粒土的超孔隙水压力、弹性应变、回弹模量和累积塑性应变的变化规律. 试验结果表明，加载间歇对路基变形特性有显著影响. 由于加载间歇阶段试样卸载以及排水作用，试样在加载阶段积累的超孔隙水压力在间歇阶段消散，土体内部颗粒及结构得到调整，试样抵抗后续荷载的能力得到提高. 此外，加载间歇显著减缓了后续加载阶段的塑性应变发展，降低了试样的累积塑性应变. 加载间歇对提高试样回弹模量、降低弹性应变的效果有限. 加载-停振的间歇加载方式可以更准确地模拟实际列车荷载作用，进而获得更具实际意义的试验结果.
关键词： 细粒土填料;  动三轴试验;  间歇性循环荷载;  变形特性;  超孔隙水压力    
Abstract:

In view of the fact that the dynamic train loading on the railway subgrade is the periodic vibration loading when the train passes and the intermittence when no train passes, a series of continuous and continuous-stopping vibration triaxial tests under different confining pressures, mass fractions of water and dynamic stress conditions were carried out to study the excess pore water pressure, elastic strain, resilience modulus and cumulative plastic strain of fine-grained soil under intermittent cyclic loading. Results show that the loading intermittence has a significant effect on the deformation characteristics of subgrade. Due to the unloading and drainage in the intermittent stage, the excess pore water pressure accumulated in the loading stage dissipates in the intermittent stage, and the particles and structure of the soil are also adjusted, thus the resistance of the samples to subsequent loading is improved. In addition, the intermittent stage significantly slows down the development of plastic strain in the subsequent loading stages and reduces the accumulated plastic strain of samples. However, the intermittent effect on improving the resilience modulus and reducing the elastic strain is limited. The continuous-stopping vibration can better simulate the actual train loads, and provides more practical test results.
Key words: fine-grained soil    dynamic triaxial test    cyclic loading with intermittence    deformation characteristics    excess pore water pressure
收稿日期: 2019-11-22 出版日期: 2020-12-15
CLC:  TU 431  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51878666，51678572）；中国铁路总公司系统性重大资助项目（P2018X011）；中南大学研究生创新资助项目（2018zzts192）
通讯作者: 聂如松     E-mail: 174801019@csu.edu.cn;nierusong97@csu.edu.cn
作者简介: 李亚峰（1992—），男，博士生，从事铁路路基病害研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-405X. E-mail： 174801019@csu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

李亚峰,聂如松,冷伍明,程龙虎,梅慧浩,董俊利. 间歇性循环荷载作用下细粒土的变形特性[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(11): 2109-2119.

Ya-feng LI,Ru-song NIE,Wu-ming LENG,Long-hu CHENG,Hui-hao MEI,Jun-li DONG. Deformation characteristics of fine-grained soil under cyclic dynamic loading with intermittence. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(11): 2109-2119.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.11.006    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I11/2109

图 1  朔黄重载铁路路基
图 2  取自现场的试验用土
ρdmax /（g?cm–3） wopt / % wL / % wP / % IP
1.96 11.80 26.00 18.20 7.8
表 1  土体物理参数指标
图 3  颗粒级配曲线
图 4  DDS-70微机控制动三轴仪
图 5  试验应力加载波形
试验序列 水的质量分数 试验类型 σ3 /kPa σd /kPa
S-1 wopt=11.80% 连续加载 30、60 120
S-2 wopt=11.80% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 30 60、90、120
S-3 wopt=11.80% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 60 60、90、120
S-4 wopt=11.80% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 90 90、120、150、180、210
S-5 wsat=19.75% 连续加载 30、60 30
S-6 wsat=19.75% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 30 30、60、90
S-7 wsat=19.75% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 60 30、60、90、120
S-8 wsat=19.75% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 90 30、60、90、120、150、180、210
S-9 wB=15.00% 间歇加载（停振时长1000 s） 30 30、60、90
表 2  动三轴试验方案
图 6  轴向应变时程曲线
图 7  弹性应变、塑性应变随振次变化曲线
图 8  基于动应力-动应变关系曲线确定回弹模量
图 9  连续和间歇加载下皆稳定试样的超孔隙水压力变化曲线
图 10  连续加载下破坏、间歇加载下稳定试样的超孔隙水压力变化曲线
图 11  间歇加载条件下不同水的质量分数试样的应变（σ3=30 kPa，σd=90 kPa）
图 12  连续加载下破坏、间歇加载下稳定试样（wopt =11.80%，σd=120 kPa）
图 13  连续和间歇加载下皆稳定的试样（wsat=19.75%，σd=30 kPa）
图 14  累积塑性应变随振次的变化曲线
图 15  连续和间歇加载下皆稳定的试样在各加载阶段的累积塑性应变（wsat=19.75%，σ3=30 kPa，σd=30 kPa）
图 16  连续加载下破坏、间歇加载下稳定的试样在各加载阶段的累积塑性应变（wopt=11.80%，σ3=60 kPa，σd=120 kPa）
wB σ3 /kPa σd /kPa 停振阶段应变的回弹量/%
第1停
振阶段 		第2停
振阶段 		第3停
振阶段 		第4停
振阶段
wopt=11.80% 30 60 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03
90 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03
120 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.03
60 60 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04
90 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.02
120 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
90 90 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.02
120 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05
150 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.03
wsat=19.75% 30 30 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03
60 0.05 ? ? ?
60 30 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02
60 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.04
90 30 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.03
60 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.03
90 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.04
表 3  停振阶段的变形回弹量
图 17  加载阶段、停振阶段试样的轴向应变
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