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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (9): 1805-1811    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.017
机械与能源工程     
升温速率对沥青燃烧和气态产物释放特性的影响
朱凯1,2(),王云鹤1,秦雪薇1,黄亚东3,王强1,吴珂2,4,*()
1. 中国计量大学 质量与安全工程学院,浙江 杭州 310018
2. 浙江大学 浙江省海洋岩土工程与材料重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310058
3. 浙江省消防救援总队,浙江 杭州 310000
4. 海洋感知技术与装备教育部工程研究中心,浙江 舟山 316021
Effect of heating rate on asphalt combustion and gaseous products release characteristics
Kai ZHU1,2(),Yun-he WANG1,Xue-wei QIN1,Ya-dong HUANG3,Qiang WANG1,Ke WU2,4,*()
1. College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
2. Key Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnics and Material of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Zhejiang General Fire and Rescue Brigade, Hangzhou 310000, China
4. The Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment Ministry of Education, Zhoushan 316021, China
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摘要:

采用热重-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用实验分析不同升温速率下沥青燃烧的失重过程,得到沥青燃烧过程中气态产物的析出规律,并利用Kissinger法计算沥青燃烧的动力学参数,为揭示火灾中沥青的燃烧机理和指导阻燃抑烟沥青设计提供重要的理论依据. 结果表明,沥青燃烧过程主要包括有氧热解和重质组分燃烧2个阶段,且两阶段的反应机理不同. 沥青有氧热解阶段包含3个失重峰,分别对应饱和分、芳香分和胶质的热解,3种成分燃烧的活化能依次增大;随着升温速率的增大,3个失重峰出现重叠,最大失重速率明显增加,气态产物的红外光谱吸收峰强度逐渐增强. 重质组分燃烧阶段的活化能相比胶质有氧热解更低,最大失重速率及红外光谱吸收峰强度随升温速率变化不大.

关键词: 升温速率热重-傅里叶变换红外光谱反应动力学有氧热解重质组分燃烧    
Abstract:

The mass loss process of asphalt combustion at different heating rates was analyzed by thermogravimetry coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The release characteristics of gaseous products during asphalt combustion was obtained, and the kinetic parameters of asphalt combustion were calculated by Kissinger method, providing important theoretical basis to reveal the burning mechanism of asphalt and guide the design of flame-retardant and smoke-suppressive asphalt. Results show that asphalt combustion process mainly includes two stages: aerobic pyrolysis and heavy components combustion, and the reaction mechanisms of the two stages are different. There are three mass loss peaks in the aerobic pyrolysis stage, corresponding to the pyrolysis of saturates, aromatics, and resins, respectively, and the activation energies of the three components combustion increase accordingly. With the increase of heating rates, the three mass loss peaks overlapped, the maximum mass loss rate increased significantly, and the infrared spectrum absorption peak intensity increased gradually. While in the heavy components combustion stage, the activation energy is lower than that of resins aerobic pyrolysis, the maximum mass loss rate and the infrared spectrum absorption peak intensity does not change much with the heating rate.

Key words: heating rate    thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectrum    reaction kinetics    aerobic pyrolysis    heavy components combustion
收稿日期: 2019-08-27 出版日期: 2020-09-22
CLC:  TK 16  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51808521,51408542);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LQ17E080011,LY19E080028);浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2018C03029)
通讯作者: 吴珂     E-mail: zhukai@cjlu.edu.cn;wuke@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 朱凯(1988—),男,副教授,博士,从事沥青阻燃和交通隧道安全研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-5797. E-mail: zhukai@cjlu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

朱凯,王云鹤,秦雪薇,黄亚东,王强,吴珂. 升温速率对沥青燃烧和气态产物释放特性的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(9): 1805-1811.

Kai ZHU,Yun-he WANG,Xue-wei QIN,Ya-dong HUANG,Qiang WANG,Ke WU. Effect of heating rate on asphalt combustion and gaseous products release characteristics. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(9): 1805-1811.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.017        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I9/1805

指标 试验结果 试验规程
25 °C 针入度 66.5 dmm JTG E20 T604-2 011
15 °C 延度 >150 cm JTG E20 T605-2 011
软化点(R&B) 47.8 °C JTG E20 T606-2 011
闪点(开口) 340 °C JTG E20 T611-2 011
燃点 375 °C JTG E20 T611-2 011
表 1  基质沥青性能指标
图 1  不同升温速率下的热重曲线
图 2  不同升温速率下的失重速率曲线
β/
(°C·min?1
有氧热解阶段(Stage I) 重质组分燃烧阶段(Stage II)
δ/% Stage I-1 Stage I-2 Stage I-3 δ/% rt/°C tp/°C vmax/
(%·min?1
rt/
°C
tp/
°C
vmax/
(%·min?1
rt/
°C
tp/
°C
vmax/
(%·min?1
rt/
°C
tp/
°C
vmax/
(%·min?1
5 51.6 272 ~ 347 319 ?0.5 347 ~ 387 362 ?2.0 387 ~ 479 449 ?3.0 39.4 479 ~ 584 524 ?3.4
10 56.4 285 ~ 362 345 ?1.0 362 ~ 415 382 ?3.0 415 ~ 515 462 ?6.3 35.5 515 ~ 672 565 ?3.9
20 57.4 326 ~ 381 371 ?2.8 381 ~ 438 416 ?6.3 438 ~ 536 473 ?11.6 34.2 536 ~ 733 598 ?4.8
表 2  3个升温速率下的不同燃烧阶段典型热重数据
图 3  升温速率为20 °C/min时的燃烧阶段划分
反应阶段 R2 E/(kJ·mol?1 A/s?1
StageI-1 0.999 75.1 8.74×103
StageI-2 0.981 81.1 9.81×103
StageI-3 0.997 244.3 2.07×1015
StageII 0.997 93.6 1.92×103
表 3  沥青燃烧动力学参数计算结果
图 4  Kissinger法动力学拟合曲线
图 5  不同升温速率下的三维红外光谱图及G-S强度曲线图
图 6  不同阶段下的气态产物红外光谱图
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