猪粪沼液对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.07.261

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2019, Vol. 45

Issue (3): 325-331 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.07.261

资源利用与环境保护

猪粪沼液对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响

侯福银¹(

),陈应江¹,杨智青¹(

),金崇富¹,时凯¹,陈长宽¹,封功能²,李洪山²

1. 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所，盐城市畜牧养殖装备工程技术研究中心，江苏盐城 224002
2. 盐城工学院，江苏省海洋滩涂生物化学与生物技术重点建设实验室，江苏盐城 224051

Effects of digested pig slurry application on agronomic trait, yield and forage quality of indica rice

Fuyin HOU¹(

),Yingjiang CHEN¹,Zhiqing YANG¹(

),Chongfu JIN¹,Kai SHI¹,Changkuan CHEN¹,Gongneng FENG²,Hongshan LI²

1. Yancheng Engineering & Technology Research Center of Animal Husbandry Equipment, Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng 224002, Jiangsu, China
2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Sea Spreads, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, Jiangsu, China

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摘要：

为推进生态养殖及粪尿发酵沼液合理资源化利用，试验设置了14个不同处理组(N1～N14)，探索了其对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响。结果表明：1）在本试验沼液施用量（N 40%～480%）范围内，籼稻总体长势、产量和品质都优于无氮施肥处理时；与常规施肥（N2）相比，除N3株高和N4分蘖数显著降低外，其他沼液施肥组株高、分蘖数和有效穗数均变化不显著（P＞0.05）。2）随着沼液施用量的增加，与N2相比，N5和N8处理组稻谷增产效果较好，分别增加了9.5%（P＞0.05）和8.9%（P＞0.05）；就地上部生物量而言，N8和N9分别增加了21.4%（P＜0.05）和5.4%（P＞0.05）；N6～N9各处理组千粒质量有增加趋势，其中N7增加了11.3%（P＜0.05）；但当沼液超过N10处理（816 t/hm²）施用量时，籼稻产量出现下降趋势，甚至低于常规施肥组（N2）。3）N5～N14各处理组籼稻糙米蛋白质含量都高于N1组，其中N7～N14处理组显著升高（P＜0.05）；而各处理组糙米直链淀粉含量与N2组相比有一定程度的减少。总体而言，在本试验条件下适量沼液施用比常规施肥更有利于籼稻的生长，当沼液控制在N8处理（612 t/hm²）施用量时，可有效提高籼稻产量和饲用品质。

关键词： 猪粪沼液; 籼稻; 农艺性状; 产量; 饲用品质

Abstract:

In order to promote ecological breeding and reasonable utilization of digested pig slurry from large-scale biogas project, we designed 14 treatments (N1-N14) to explore the effects of biogas slurry application on agronomic trait, yield and forage quality of indica rice. The results showed that: 1) The overall growth, yield and quality were better than no nitrogen fertilizer treatment within the range of biogas slurry applied amount (N 40%-480%); and compared with the conventional chemical fertilizer treatment (N2), except that the plant height of N3 treatment and tiller number of N4 treatment were both significantly lower, the plant height, tiller number and effective panicle number in other biogas slurry applied treatments changed no significance (P＞0.05), presented the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. 2) Compared with the N2 treatment, with the increase of biogas slurry applied amount, the rice yield of N5 and N8 treatments increased by 9.5% (P＞0.05) and 8.9% (P＞0.05), respectively. As for the aboveground biomass, N8 and N9 treatments increased by 21.4% (P＜0.05) and 5.4% (P＞0.05), respectively. The thousand seed mass of N6-N9 treatments indicated an increasing trend with N7 treatment significantly increasing by 11.3% (P＜0.05). However, when the biogas slurry applied amount was above N10 (816 t/hm²), the yield of indica rice decreased, even lower than that of N2 treatment. 3) The protein contents of unpolished rice in N5-N14 treatments were higher than that of N1, with the treatments of N7-N14 markedly higher (P＜0.05). The amylose contents of unpolished rice in N3-N14 decreased to a certain extent compared with the N2. All in all, application of proper biogas slurry is more conducive to the growth of indica rice than conventional chemical fertilizers in this test. Besides, biogas slurry can effectively improve the yield and forage quality of indica rice when the application amount of biogas slurry is 612 t/hm² (N8).

Key words: digested pig slurry indica rice agronomic trait yield forage quality

收稿日期: 2018-07-26 出版日期: 2019-06-25

CLC:

S 511.21

基金资助: 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[CX(16);江苏省社会发展重大科技示范项目(BE2018680);江苏省“333”人才资助项目(BRA2017237)

通讯作者: 杨智青 E-mail: houfuyin2008@126.com;yangzhiq88@126.com

作者简介: 侯福银（https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0245-9723），E-mail：houfuyin2008@126.com

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引用本文:

侯福银,陈应江,杨智青,金崇富,时凯,陈长宽,封功能,李洪山. 猪粪沼液对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2019, 45(3): 325-331.

Fuyin HOU,Yingjiang CHEN,Zhiqing YANG,Chongfu JIN,Kai SHI,Changkuan CHEN,Gongneng FENG,Hongshan LI. Effects of digested pig slurry application on agronomic trait, yield and forage quality of indica rice. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(3): 325-331.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.07.261 或 http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2019/V45/I3/325

表1 规模化供试猪场沼液理化性状

表2 籼稻施用沼液试验设计

表3 沼液施用对籼稻农艺性状的影响

图1 沼液施用对籼稻稻谷产量的影响

图2 沼液施用对籼稻地上部生物量的影响

图3 沼液施用对籼稻千粒质量的影响

图4 沼液施用对籼稻蛋白质含量的影响

图5 沼液施用对籼稻直链淀粉含量的影响

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