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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2020, Vol. 46 Issue (1): 17-26    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.08.271
综述     
竹材次生代谢产物在果蔬采后病害控制与保鲜中的作用研究进展
刘晓云1,2(),徐勇1,田世平1,2,3,陈彤1,3()
1.中国科学院植物研究所，北方资源植物重点实验室，北京 100093
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.农业农村部果品采后处理重点实验室，北京 100049
Progress on application of secondary metabolites from bamboo in controlling diseases and keeping freshness of fruits and vegetables
Xiaoyun LIU1,2(),Yong XU1,Shiping TIAN1,2,3,Tong CHEN1,3()
1.Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruit, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100049, China
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摘要：

我国果蔬种植面积和产量均居世界第一，但是其采后腐烂和严重的品质劣变往往造成巨大的经济损失。竹是世界范围内主要的森林资源，用途广泛，然而竹资源浪费极为严重。竹材中含有丰富的次生代谢产物，主要包括黄酮类、酚酸类、多糖、氨基酸等多种活性成分。因此，实现竹材次生代谢产物的充分利用，提高竹材剩余物的利用价值，将大大减少竹类资源浪费。目前研究表明，竹材中含有多种具有潜在抑菌和抗氧化活性的次生代谢产物，可以作为有效的生物保鲜资源用于果蔬采后病害控制和保鲜。本文综述了我国竹类资源的应用概况和竹材次生代谢产物的种类，重点对次生代谢产物在果蔬采后病害控制与保鲜中的作用进行了总结和展望。
关键词： 竹;  次生代谢产物;  果蔬;  采后病害控制;  保鲜    
Abstract:

China ranks the first in both yield and cultivation areas for fresh fruits and vegetables in the world, but quality deterioration and post-harvest decay of fresh fruits and vegetables still lead to tremendous economic loss nowadays. Bamboo is one of the major forest resources widely used worldwide. However, plenty of bamboo resources are wasted due to various reasons. Bamboo is abundant in secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phenolic substances, bioactive polysaccharides, amino acids and other functional substances, and thus it is crucial for reducing the waste of bamboo resources to utilize fully secondary metabolites from bamboo and improve the utilization values of bamboo remains. Currently, accumulating results have shown that many secondary metabolites in fresh bamboo can be used as effective biological freshness-keeping resources for fruits and vegetables to improve antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. In the present study, we perform a review on current utilization status of bamboo resources and categories for secondary metabolites in bamboo, and place additional emphasis on the application of secondary metabolites in disease control and freshness-keeping of fruits and vegetables at post-harvest stage.
Key words: bamboo    secondary metabolites    fruits and vegetables    post-harvest disease control    freshness-keeping
收稿日期: 2019-08-27 出版日期: 2020-02-25
CLC:  Q 94  
基金资助: “十三五”国家重点研发计划专项“果蔬产地商品化处理技术与装备研发及示范”(2017YFD0401301);中国科学院院地合作项目“遵义方竹笋贮藏保鲜技术研究”(2018C078)
通讯作者: 陈彤     E-mail: liuxy@ibcas.ac.cn;chentong@ibcas.ac.cn
作者简介: 刘晓云（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2721-9024），E-mail：liuxy@ibcas.ac.cn
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引用本文:

刘晓云,徐勇,田世平,陈彤. 竹材次生代谢产物在果蔬采后病害控制与保鲜中的作用研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2020, 46(1): 17-26.

Xiaoyun LIU,Yong XU,Shiping TIAN,Tong CHEN. Progress on application of secondary metabolites from bamboo in controlling diseases and keeping freshness of fruits and vegetables. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2020, 46(1): 17-26.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.08.271    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2020/V46/I1/17

图1  竹提取物对果实苯丙烷代谢和类黄酮合成途径的激活PAL：苯丙氨酸解氨酶；C4H：肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶；4CL：4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶。

类型

Type

名称

Name

生物活性

Biological activity

文献

Reference

黄酮类

Flavonoids

木犀草素抑制S. aureus和B. subtilis生长[49,50,54]
笋干黄酮抑制S. aureus、B. subtilis、Rhizopus spp.、A. niger、Mucor spp.生长；保持果实品质[52,53]

酚酸类

Phenolic acids

绿原酸

抑制R. solani、A. solani、C. lagenarium、F. oxysporum、V. dahliae、

B. cinerea、P. capsici、E. coli、S. aureus、B. subtilis等病原菌生长

[55,56,57]
对香豆酸激活苯丙烷代谢途径；抑制A. alternata等病原菌生长[60,61,62]
茶多酚

具有抗氧化活性；抑制C. musae、F. oxysporum、S. sclerotiorum和

B. cinerea等真菌生长；延缓果实成熟衰老，维持色素稳定

[64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72]

多糖类

Polysaccharides

CPS75保持果实品质[73]
NPs抑制E. coli、S. aureus、B. subtilis等病原菌生长[77,78]

其他小分子物质

Other small molecular substances

Dendrocin抑制B. cinerea、F. oxysporum等病原菌生长[81]
抑菌肽抑制E. coli、S. aureus、B. subtilis和B. cereus等病原菌生长[82]
毛竹挥发油抑制S. aureus、B. subtilis和E. coli等病原菌生长[83]
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