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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2023, Vol. 57 Issue (10): 2086-2093    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.10.017
机械工程、能源工程     
制冷剂快速泄漏过程中分体空调系统运行特性的实验研究
张绍志1,2(),方家浩1,2,梁璐瑶1,2,李泽田1,2,陈光明1,2,*()
1. 浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310027
2. 浙江大学制冷与低温研究所，浙江 杭州 310027
Experimental study on operating characteristics of split air conditioning system during rapid leakage of refrigerant
Shao-zhi ZHANG1,2(),Jia-hao FANG1,2,Lu-yao LIANG1,2,Ze-tian LI1,2,Guang-ming CHEN1,2,*()
1. Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要：

为了探究制冷系统的制冷剂在快速泄漏过程中，泄漏与运行之间的交互作用，搭建了能够监控制冷剂泄漏量的家用空调制冷系统泄漏实验台，并对泄漏过程中制冷系统的运行情况开展了实验. 在泄漏点位于室内机侧、初始制冷剂充注量为920 g、初始泄漏速率变化为0.08~0.60 g/s时，随着泄漏过程的进行，压缩机排气温度不断上升，蒸发器入口温度、冷凝压力、蒸发压力、冷凝器出口过冷度以及压缩机功率不断下降. 当制冷剂泄漏比例达到某一临界点时，上述运行参数会发生加速的情况. 在制冷模式下，临界比例约为20%，热泵模式下约为15%. 制冷剂的泄漏速度随时间逐渐减小，泄漏开始1 h后制冷和制热模式下的泄漏速度分别减小了55.7%和63.6%.
关键词： 制冷剂;  泄漏;  制冷系统;  运行性能;  空调    
Abstract:

A test rig that could monitor and control the refrigerant leakage from a household air-conditioner was built to study the interaction between leakage and running in the rapid refrigerant leakage process of refrigeration system. Experiments were carried out to investigate the system operation during the leakage process. The leak point was located indoor, the initial refrigerant charge was 920 g, and the initial leakage rate was from 0.08 to 0.60 g/s. The discharge temperature of compressor continuously rose, while the condensing pressure, the evaporating pressure, the inlet temperature of evaporator, the subcooling at outlet of condenser, and the compressor power consumption continuously decreased as the leakage process went on. The change of the above operating parameters would speed up when a critical ratio of refrigerant leakage was reached. The critical ratio was about 20% in refrigeration mode, and the critical ratio was about 15% in heating mode. The leakage rate gradually decreased as time elapsed. The leakage rates would be decreased by 55.7% and 63.6% respectively under refrigeration and heating modes.
Key words: refrigerant    leakage    refrigeration system    operation performance    air conditioner
收稿日期: 2022-11-07 出版日期: 2023-10-18
CLC:  TK 01+8  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51936007）
通讯作者: 陈光明     E-mail: enezsz@zju.edu.cn;gmchen@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 张绍志（1972—），男，教授，博士，从事制冷空调研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-4266. E-mail： enezsz@zju.edu.cn
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张绍志
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引用本文:

张绍志,方家浩,梁璐瑶,李泽田,陈光明. 制冷剂快速泄漏过程中分体空调系统运行特性的实验研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(10): 2086-2093.

Shao-zhi ZHANG,Jia-hao FANG,Lu-yao LIANG,Ze-tian LI,Guang-ming CHEN. Experimental study on operating characteristics of split air conditioning system during rapid leakage of refrigerant. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2023, 57(10): 2086-2093.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.10.017    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2023/V57/I10/2086

图 1  系统泄漏实验台的流程图
图 2  系统泄漏实验台室内机的实物图
图 3  系统泄漏实验台室外机的实物图
仪器 型号 量程 测量精度
压力传感器 OHR-M2G-3-L 0~6.0 MPa 0.2%
热电偶 T型四氟热电偶 ?50~260 ℃ ±0.5 ℃
功率表 NHR-3100电量表 0~500 V(电压)
0.03~5.00 A(电流) 		±(0.2%读数
+0.1%量程)
湿式气体流量计 LML-1 300 L/h ±1%
表 1  实验测量设备的参数
图 4  泄漏单元的示意图
图 5  湿式气体流量计泄漏量测量的准确性验证
图 6  随泄漏进程变化的泄漏速度
图 7  随泄漏进程变化系统内的剩余充注量
图 8  随泄漏进程变化的排气温度
图 9  随泄漏进程变化蒸发器的入口温度
图 10  随泄漏进程变化的蒸发器入口压力
图 11  随系统内剩余充注量变化的过冷度
图 12  随系统内剩余充注量变化的过热度
图 13  随泄漏进程变化的系统功率
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