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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2023, Vol. 57 Issue (4): 657-665    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.04.002
机械与能源工程     
基于超声引导的微细Z-pin植入系统
费少华(),丁会明*(),汪海晋,李江雄
浙江大学 浙江省先进制造技术重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310027
Ultrasound-guided fine Z-pin insertion system
Shao-hua FEI(),Hui-ming DING*(),Hai-jin WANG,Jiang-xiong LI
Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要：

为了减少传统Z-pin增强工艺对复合材料层合板造成的面内性能损伤，提出超声引导直径为0.11 mm的微细Z-pin自动植入工艺. 根据超声引导微细Z-pin植入原理，设计开发自动植入系统. 根据Z-pin植入力特性，综合夹心式压电换能器的设计理论，设计纵振型超声振子，利用有限元仿真软件对超声振子进行模态及谐波响应分析，实测超声振子阻抗与振幅特性，得到谐振频率为70.062 4 kHz，振幅为2.578 μm，与仿真结果一致. 搭建超声引导植入系统，对微细Z-pin增强复合材料层合板进行面内拉伸、压缩性能及层间断裂韧性测试. 结果表明，对于体积分数为0.2%、直径为0.11 mm的微细碳纤维Z-pin增强复合材料层合板，拉伸、压缩强度分别下降1.6%和3.4%，Ⅰ型层间断裂韧性可以提升14.4倍.
关键词： 微细Z-pin;  复合材料层合板;  超声振动;  面内损伤;  层间断裂韧性    
Abstract:

An ultrasound-guided fine Z-pin (with a diameter of 0.11 mm) automatic insertion system was proposed to reduce the in-plane damage of traditional Z-pinned composite laminates. The automatic insertion system was designed and developed by the ultrasound-guided fine Z-pin insertion principle. A longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator was designed and analyzed according to the force characteristics of Z-pin insertion process and the design theory of sandwich piezoelectric transducer. The modal and harmonic response of the vibrator was analyzed by using finite element simulation. Impedance analysis and amplitude measurement of the ultrasonic vibrator was conducted. Results showed that the resonant frequency was 70.062 4 kHz and the actual vibration amplitude was 2.578 μm, which accorded with the simulation results. The ultrasound-guided insertion system was constructed. The in-plane tensile, compressive properties and interlaminar fracture toughness of the fine carbon Z-pinned composite laminates were tested. Results show that the in-plane strength reduction is only 1.6% in tension and 3.4% in compression respectively for unidirectional fiber/epoxy laminates reinforced by carbon Z-pins whose volume fraction is 0.2% and diameter is 0.11 mm. The Mode-I fracture toughness can be improved by 14.4 times.
Key words: fine Z-pin    composite laminate    ultrasonic vibration    in-plane damage    interlaminar fracture toughness
收稿日期: 2022-04-13 出版日期: 2023-04-21
CLC:  TB 332  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51975520）
通讯作者: 丁会明     E-mail: sh_fei@zju.edu.cn;pangding@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 费少华（1986—），男, 博士生, 从事复合材料三维增强技术的研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-8831. E-mail： sh_fei@zju.edu.cn
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费少华
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引用本文:

费少华,丁会明,汪海晋,李江雄. 基于超声引导的微细Z-pin植入系统[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(4): 657-665.

Shao-hua FEI,Hui-ming DING,Hai-jin WANG,Jiang-xiong LI. Ultrasound-guided fine Z-pin insertion system. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2023, 57(4): 657-665.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.04.002    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2023/V57/I4/657

图 1  超声引导微细Z-pin植入原理[22]
图 2  金属Z-pin植入预浸料的力-位移曲线[23]
图 3  超声引导微细Z-pin自动植入单元
图 4  超声引导微细Z-pin自动植入过程
图 5  夹心式压电换能器的结构
图 6  夹心式压电换能器的应力与振动速度分布
换能器部件 材料 $ \rho $/(kg·mm?3) v/(m·s?1) E/GPa $ \upsilon $
压电陶瓷 PZT8 7 600 3 075 71.9 0.30
后盖板 TC4钛合金 4 500 4 945 110.0 0.34
螺杆 TC4钛合金 4 500 4 945 110.0 0.34
电极片 C5191磷铜片 8 900 3 717 123.0 0.34
表 1  换能器的材料属性
图 7  超声振子的结构简图及关键尺寸
图 8  超声振子的三维模型
图 9  超声振子的位移云图
图 10  超声振子的谐波响应分析结果
图 11  超声振子的最终设计结果
图 12  超声振子的频率振幅测试平台
图 13  超声振子的阻抗特性
图 14  超声振子的振幅测试结果
图 15  超声引导微细Z-pin植入试验台
图 16  微细Z-pin阵列
图 17  超声引导植入力特性
图 18  样件制备及力学性能的测试过程
样本 TM/GPa TS/MPa CM/GPa CS/MPa Pmax/N GⅠc/（J·mm?2）
SC 120.4 ± 2.6 2341.5 ± 60.9 118.2 ± 6.4 989.2 ± 65.3 66.1 ± 2.2 304.1 ± 20.7
SR2 121.3 ± 4.0 2304.6 ± 94.5 116.4 ± 6.1 955.6 ± 48.7 294.4 ± 22.9 4691.6 ± 394.1
提升比例 +0.7% ?1.6% ?1.5% ?3.4% +345.4% +1442.8%
表 2  微细Z-pin增强复合材料的力学性能
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