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工程设计学报  2015, Vol. 22 Issue (3): 284-289    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.03.013
通用零部件设计     
蜗壳回流孔对自吸泵性能的影响
夏  丽,武  鹏,吴大转
浙江大学 化工机械研究所,浙江 杭州 310027
Effects of reflux hole of volute on the performance of self-priming pump
XIA Li, WU Peng, WU Da-zhuan
Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要: 回流孔在自吸泵中通过液体回流蜗壳的方式达到改善自吸性能的目的,其位置和面积大小对自吸性能和效率有着显著影响.利用计算流体力学分析方法对带回流孔的自吸泵内部流动进行数值模拟,研究回流孔附近的流动特性,分析不同回流孔位置和面积对内部流动和泵性能的影响.结果显示,基于内流模拟预测的自吸泵性能与试验结果趋势吻合.在设计工况下,增大回流孔面积可使回流蜗壳的流量增大,在不降低泵性能的情况下明显改善泵的自吸性能|在大流量工况下,回流孔面积的增大导致蜗壳到气液分离室的泄露,从而带来较大的容积损失.回流孔在环向的位置主要对蜗壳内外压差产生影响,随着回流孔向隔舌靠近,蜗壳与气液分离室的压差逐渐变大,从蜗壳到气液分离室的泄漏损失增大,泵的效率降低.因此,对于特定的自吸泵,存在一个最佳的回流孔开孔面积和位置.
关键词: 立式自吸泵自吸性能效率数值模拟回流孔容积损失    
Abstract: Reflux hole helps self-priming pumps to improve self-priming performance when the reflux liquid flows into volute. Its position and area have a great influence on the self-priming capability and efficiency of the pump. The internal flow field of the self-priming pump was numerically simulated with the CFD method, to study the flow characteristics nearby the reflux hole and analyze the impact of the position and area of the reflux hole on the internal flow as well as the pump performance. The simulation results showed that the tendencies of simulation results matched with the experimental data. When the pump was operated at its design point, the reflux flow rate increased with the area of the reflux hole and consequently the self-priming capability was improved without suppressing the pump performance. When the flow rate was larger than the nominal flow rate, the increase of the area of the reflux hole leaded to the leakage that flowed from the volute to liquid storage chamber, which caused greater volume loss. The position of reflux hole had influence on the pressure difference between the inside and outsider of the volute. The position of reflux hole was closer to the tongue, the pressure difference between the volute and the liquid separating chamber was bigger. And the leakage flowed from the volute into liquid storage through reflux hole was larger, which reduced the efficiency of the pump. So there is an optimal area and position of reflux hole for a specific self-priming pump.
Key words: vertical self-priming pump    self-priming performance    efficiency    numerical simulation    reflux hole    volume loss
收稿日期: 2015-03-19 出版日期: 2015-06-28
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51276213).

作者简介: 夏丽(1991—),女,河南信阳人,硕士,从事流体系统仿真研究,E-mail: xiali_ecust@126.com. 通信联系人:吴大转(1977—),男,浙江温州人,教授,从事流体机械优化与控制工程研究,E-mail: wudazhuan@zju.edu.cn.
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引用本文:

夏 丽,武 鹏,吴大转. 蜗壳回流孔对自吸泵性能的影响[J]. 工程设计学报, 2015, 22(3): 284-289.

XIA Li, WU Peng, WU Da-zhuan. Effects of reflux hole of volute on the performance of self-priming pump. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(3): 284-289.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.03.013        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2015/V22/I3/284

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