Please wait a minute...
工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2018, Vol. 25 Issue (4): 409-419    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2018.04.007
创新设计     
仿蟋蟀切齿叶减阻灭茬刀片设计与试验
蒋锐1, 陈阳1, 于成信1, 王晓飞2, 朱德泉1
1. 安徽农业大学 工学院, 安徽 合肥 230036;
2. 合肥学院 生物与环境工程系, 安徽 合肥 230601
Design and experiment of cricket's incisor lobe inspired stubble cutting blade with drag reduction
JIANG Rui1, CHEN Yang1, YU Cheng-xin1, WANG Xiao-fei2, ZHU De-quan1
1. School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
2. School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
 全文: PDF(4787 KB)   HTML
摘要：

为了降低切茬装置切割粉碎玉米根茬所需的功耗，以蟋蟀切齿叶为仿生原型设计了2种仿生灭茬刀片。应用MATLAB软件提取切齿叶部分的轮廓特征，分析其优良的减阻特性，并将此轮廓特征应用于灭茬刀片正刀刃的设计，设计出仿生刀片A；考虑到加工难易程度和经济成本，以二次函数为轮廓特征设计出仿生刀片B。在同等工作参数（前进速度为1 m/s，刀辊转速为420 r/min，耕深为50 mm）前提下，利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件仿真和田间试验的方法对2种仿生刀片和原型刀片的载荷状况进行对比分析。仿真结果表明：仿生刀片A和B的最大切削力（分别为881 N和908 N）较原型刀片的最大切削力（1 079 N）分别降低18.35%和15.85%；田间试验结果表明：仿生灭茬刀片A和B的平均扭矩和变异系数分别为267.894 N·m，2.31%和275.843 N·m，2.11%，原型灭茬刀片平均扭矩和变异系数为299.712 N·m和2.33%，且3种灭茬刀片的作业质量（灭茬深度和根茬粉碎率）均可达到相关国家标准。研究结果可为灭茬刀片的减阻降耗设计提供理论指导。
关键词： 仿生设计;  灭茬刀片;  蟋蟀切齿叶;  玉米根茬;  扭矩    
Abstract:

In order to reduce the power consumption of the corn stubble returning machine, two bionic stubble cutting blades that utilize the cricket's incisor lobe as biological prototype were designed. The contour features of cricket's incisor lobe outline were extracted by using MATLAB, and the excellent characteristic of drag reduction was analyzed. The contour features of cricket's incisor lobe outline were subsequently applied to the design of the bionic blade A. Considering the processing difficulty and economic cost, a simplified quadratic featured contour was used for the design of the bionic blade B. Under the same working parameters (speed was 1 m/s, knife roller speed was420 r/min and tillage depth was 50 mm), the load conditions of the two bionic blades as well as the original blade were analyzed and compared through the ANSYS/LS DYNA simulation and the field test. The simulation results indicated that maximum cutting force of the bionic blade A and B were 881 N and 908 N, respectively, which decreased by 18.35% and 15.85% in comparison to that of the original blade (1 079 N). The field test results showed that the average torque and the coefficient of variation of A and B were 267.894 N·m, 2.31% and 275.843 N·m, 2.11%, respectively. In contrast, the average torque and the variation coefficient of original blade was 299.712 N·m and 2.33%. Additionally, the operation quality (stubble breaking depth and stubble chopping rate) of the three stubble cutting blades met the related national standards. This research results can provide a guide for the design of new blade with drag reduction.
Key words: bionic design    stubble cutting blade    cricket's incisor lobe    corn stubble    torque
收稿日期: 2018-01-16 出版日期: 2018-08-28
CLC:  S225.59  
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金面上项目（51575003）；安徽省科技重大专项（17030701045）
作者简介: 蒋锐(1981-),男,安徽无为人,讲师,博士,从事仿生机械研究,E-mail:jiangrui@ahau.edu.cn,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-2811
服务　　
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章　　
蒋锐
陈阳
于成信
王晓飞
朱德泉

引用本文:

蒋锐, 陈阳, 于成信, 王晓飞, 朱德泉. 仿蟋蟀切齿叶减阻灭茬刀片设计与试验[J]. 工程设计学报, 2018, 25(4): 409-419.

JIANG Rui, CHEN Yang, YU Cheng-xin, WANG Xiao-fei, ZHU De-quan. Design and experiment of cricket's incisor lobe inspired stubble cutting blade with drag reduction[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2018, 25(4): 409-419.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2018.04.007    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2018/V25/I4/409

[1] 吕开宇,仇焕广,白军飞,等.中国玉米秸秆直接还田的现状与发展[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(3):171-176. LÜ Kai-yu, QIU Huan-guang, BAI Jun-fei, et al. Development of direct return of corn stalk to soil:current status, driving forces and constraints[J]. China Population Resources and Environment, 2013, 23(3):171-176.
[2] 牛文娟.主要农作物秸秆组成成分和能源利用潜力[D].北京:中国农业大学工学院,2015:1-130. NIU Wen-juan. Physicochemical composition and energy potential of main crop straw and stalk[D]. Beijing:China Agricultural University, School of Engineering, 2015:1-130.
[3] 宫涛,李其昀,李亚娉,等.玉米切茬还田装置切断根茬影响因素试验[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(S2):37-40. GONG Tao, LI Qi-yun, LI Ya-ping, et al. Experiment of influencing factors of stubble cutting in corn stubble cutting and returning device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 44(S2):37-40.
[4] 吴子岳,高焕文,陈君达.秸秆切碎灭茬机的模型研究与参数优化[J].农业机械学报,2001,32(5):44-46. WU Zi-yue, GAO Huan-wen, CHEN Jun-da. Modeling and optimization of a stalk and stubble chopper[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2001, 32(5):44-46.
[5] 王俊发,马浏轩,邵东伟,等.玉米根茬收获机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(6):68-72. WANG Jun-fa, MA Liu-xuan, SHAO Dong-wei, et al. Design and experiment of maize root stubble harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(6):68-72.
[6] 汲文峰,贾洪雷,佟金.旋耕-碎茬仿生刀片田间作业性能的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(12):24-30. JI Wen-feng, JIA Hong-lei, TONG Jin. Experiment on working performance of bionic blade for soil-rototilling and stubble-breaking[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(12):24-30.
[7] 田昆鹏,李显旺,沈成,等.天牛仿生大麻收割机切割刀片设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(5):56-61. TIAN Kun-peng, LI Xian-wang, SHEN Cheng, et al. Design and test of cutting blade of cannabis harvester based on longicorn bionic principle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(5):56-61.
[8] 谢峰,沈维蕾,张晔,等.河狸门牙几何特征的提取及其生物力学性能分析[J].中国机械工程,2011,22(10):1149-1153. XIE Feng, SHEN Wei-lei, ZHANG Ye, et al. Gaining of geometric characteristics for incisor teeth and its analysis of biologic mechanics property[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 22(10):1149-1153.
[9] 张磊磊.树枝粉碎机切削刀片的仿生设计及试验分析[D].长春:吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,2015:1-98. ZHANG Lei-lei. Bionic design and experimental analysis of cutting blade for branch shiver[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, School of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, 2015:1-98.
[10] 牟吉元,徐洪富,荣秀兰.普通昆虫学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996:1-396. MOU Ji-yuan, XU Hong-fu, RONG Xiu-lan. General entomology[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 1996:1-396.
[11] 舒畅,汤建国.昆虫实用数据手册[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:1-592. SHU Chang, TANG Jian-guo. Practical data manual for insects[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2009:1-592.
[12] 赵慧.基于数学形态学的图像边缘检测方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学土木工程学院,2010:1-84. ZHAO Hui.Research on image edge detection based on mathematical morphology[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology, School of Civil Engineering, 2010:1-84.
[13] 闫海霞.基于数学形态学的图像边缘检测和增强算法的研究[D].长春:吉林大学通信工程学院,2009:1-99. YAN Hai-xia. Study on algorithms of image edge detection and enhancement based on mathematical morphology[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, College of Communication Engineering, 2009:1-99.
[14] 王刚,贾洪雷,赵佳乐,等.玉米留高茬切割器的设计及留茬效果试验[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(23):43-49. WANG Gang, JIA Hong-lei, ZHAO Jia-le, et al. Design of corn high-stubble cutter and experiments of stubble retaining effects[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014, 30(23):43-49.
[15] 刘九庆,牛明,商友云,等.基于ANSYS的灭茬刀多目标驱动优化设计[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2014,36(2):182-187. LIU Jiu-qing, NIU Ming, SHANG You-yun, et al. Multi-goal driven optimization design of stubble-smashing cutter based on ANSYS[J]. Journal of Shenyang University of Technology, 2014, 36(2):182-187.
[16] 权龙哲,佟金,曾百功,等.玉米根茬铲切刀具的滑切刃曲线优化设计[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(12):13-17. QUAN Long-zhe, TONG Jin, ZENG Bai-gong, et al. Finite element mode analysis and experiment of corn stubble harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011, 27(12):13-17.
[17] 庞声海.关于滑切理论与滑切角的选用[J].华中农学院学报,1982,6(1):64-69. PANG Sheng-hai. On the theory of sliding cutting and the choice of its angle[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural College, 1982, 6(1):64-69.
[18] 周之江.木工修锯技术[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1981:1-123. ZHOU Zhi-jiang. Carpenter's saw manual[M]. Beijing:China Forestry Press, 1981:1-123.
[19] 孙剑.玉米根茬结构和力学特征及与土壤的摩擦学性能[D].长春:吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,2011:1-121. SUN Jian. Structural and mechanical characteristics of corn stubble and its tribological properties against soil[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, School of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, 2011:1-121.
[20] 杨新义.玉米根茬根土分离装置的设计与研究[D].长春:吉林大学机械科学与工程学院,2011:1-77. YANG Xin-yi. Design and study on the roots and soil separation device of maize stubble[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, 2011:1-77.
[21] 文立阁.灭茬刀辊仿生减阻研究[D].长春:吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,2009:1-116. WEN Li-ge. Study on bionic and resistance-reduction of stubble crushing blade roller[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, School of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, 2009:1-116.
[22] 夏哲浩,姚立红,阚江明.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA旋转刀具切削土壤与木材的数值模拟[J].森林工程,2016,32(1):43-47. XIA Zhe-hao, YAO Li-hong, KAN Jiang-ming.The numerical simulation of rotating tool cutting soil and wood based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA[J]. Forest Engineering, 2016, 32(1):43-47.
[23] 中国农业机械化科学研究院.农业机械设计手册[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:1-852. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences. Design manual for agricultural machinery[M]. Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2007:1-852.
[1] 王金栋,谢宇鸿,陈燚,吴展扬. 基于河狸门齿的锤片式粉碎机锤片仿生设计[J]. 工程设计学报, 2023, 30(4): 476-484.
[2] 刘少胡, 甘泉泉, 罗霄, 姬广奇. 岩屑床破坏器在水平井斜井段的清洁效果研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2020, 27(5): 577-584.
[3] 陈亮, 陈博文, 刘晓敏, 窦昊. 用户需求映射网络生物文本的创新设计方法[J]. 工程设计学报, 2020, 27(3): 279-286.
[4] 吴文江, 王振兴, 高占凤, 郜建忠, 吕燕军. 集沙铲集沙过程的受力状况仿真分析与试验研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2019, 26(4): 490-496.
[5] 张潇, 张秋菊. 仿人手掌的机器人变掌机构设计与分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2019, 26(4): 385-394.
[6] 章永华, 何建慧, 颜 钦. 仿生机器鲫鱼的设计及运动学实验研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2011, 18(3): 167-173.
[7] 陈鼎宁, 江吉彬, 马振飞, 林巨广. 基于模块化设计的自动拧紧系统的开发[J]. 工程设计学报, 2006, 13(2): 87-90.
[8] 鄢建辉, 汪久根. 带孔板仿生孔形状的强度设计[J]. 工程设计学报, 2003, 10(6): 355-357.
[9] 杨逢瑜, 於又玲. 重质残油磁力传动齿轮泵磁偶合器扭矩计算[J]. 工程设计学报, 2003, 10(1): 52-54.