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工程设计学报  2023, Vol. 30 Issue (5): 571-578    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.063
机械设计理论与方法     
基于多项式拟合的六维力传感器解耦算法研究
王志军(),张小涛,李梦祥
华北理工大学 机械工程学院,河北 唐山 063210
Research on decoupling algorithm of six-dimensional force sensor based on polynomial fitting
Zhijun WANG(),Xiaotao ZHANG,Mengxiang LI
College of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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摘要:

六维力传感器作为重要的空间力感知元件,被广泛应用于机器人的力/位置控制、抓取装配、轮廓检测、自主避障和人机交互等。目前,提高精度是六维力传感器的主要研究方向之一。但由于受到自身结构和加工误差等因素的影响,六维力传感器会产生维间耦合现象,而维间耦合是影响其精度的重要因素。为减少耦合误差的影响,采用误差分析、理论推导及实验验证相结合的方法对六维力传感器的解耦算法进行研究。首先,对六维力传感器进行了耦合分析,得到其耦合模型。然后,对六维力传感器的线性解耦算法进行研究,并在此基础上提出了基于多项式拟合的解耦算法,以在不改变六维力传感器结构的前提下减小耦合误差,从而提高其精度。最后,选用正交并联六维力传感器开展标定实验,并分别采用2种算法进行解耦求解。结果表明,基于多项式拟合的解耦算法能减小维间耦合对六维力传感器精度的影响;所提出的解耦算法有效地提高了六维力传感器的精度,与线性解耦算法相比,最大耦合误差减小了8.914个百分点且线性度误差减小了0.111个百分点。研究结果可为六维力传感器维间耦合误差的减小和精度的提高提供参考。

关键词: 六维力传感器耦合模型解耦算法多项式拟合标定实验解耦求解    
Abstract:

As an important spatial force sensing element, the six-dimensional force sensor is widely used in robot force/position control, grasping assembly, contour detection, autonomous obstacle avoidance and human-computer interaction. At present, improving the accuracy is one of the main research directions of six-dimensional force sensors. However, due to the influence of own structure and processing error and other factors, the six-dimensional force sensor will produce the interdimensional coupling phenomenon, and the interdimensional coupling is an important factor affecting its accuracy. In order to reduce the influence of coupling error, the decoupling algorithm of six-dimensional force sensor is studied by combining error analysis, theoretical derivation and experimental verification. Firstly, the coupling analysis of the six-dimensional force sensor was carried out, and its coupling model was obtained. Then, the linear decoupling algorithm of the six-dimensional force sensor was studied, and on this basis, the decoupling algorithm based on polynomial fitting was proposed to reduce the coupling error without changing the structure of the six-dimensional force sensor, so as to improve its accuracy. Finally, the orthogonal parallel six-dimensional force sensor was selected to carry out calibration experiments, and two algorithms were used for decoupling solution. The results showed that the decoupling algorithm based on polynomial fitting could reduce the influence of interdimensional coupling on the accuracy of six-dimensional force sensors. The proposed decoupling algorithm effectively improved the accuracy of the six-dimensional force sensor. Compared with the linear decoupling algorithm, the maximum coupling error was reduced by 8.914 percentage points and the linearity error was reduced by 0.111 percentage points. The research results can provide reference for reducing the coupling error and improving the accuracy of six-dimensional force sensors.

Key words: six-dimensional force sensor    coupling model    decoupling algorithm    polynomial fitting    calibration experiment    decoupling solution
收稿日期: 2023-02-27 出版日期: 2023-11-03
CLC:  TP 212  
基金资助: 河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2020151);唐山市科技创新团队培养计划资助项目(21130208D)
作者简介: 王志军(1983—),男,河北唐山人,教授,博士,从事并联机器人及六维力传感器技术研究,E-mail: zjwang@ncst.edu.cn,https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3316-4821
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引用本文:

王志军,张小涛,李梦祥. 基于多项式拟合的六维力传感器解耦算法研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2023, 30(5): 571-578.

Zhijun WANG,Xiaotao ZHANG,Mengxiang LI. Research on decoupling algorithm of six-dimensional force sensor based on polynomial fitting[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2023, 30(5): 571-578.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.063        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2023/V30/I5/571

图1  十字梁结构六维力传感器
图2  Stewart并联结构六维力传感器
图3  六维力传感器的输入-输出耦合模型
图4  正交并联六维力传感器
序号Fsx/NFcx/NFcy/NFcz/NMcx/(N·m)Mcy/(N·m)Mcz/(N·m)
1109.958 4-0.039 40.121 5-0.005 50.014 90.014 6
22019.820 2-0.052 30.011 8-0.012 50.031 20.030 8
33029.823 4-0.068 0-0.106 4-0.018 90.044 60.046 7
44039.645 4-0.121 6-0.158 9-0.027 70.05530.060 1
55049.706 9-0.159 7-0.219 7-0.030 50.051 70.067 4
66059.837 8-0.169 5-0.251 1-0.032 00.055 00.068 1
77069.804 1-0.234 3-0.398 5-0.043 30.061 70.071 2
88079.827 2-0.304 9-0.483 5-0.058 70.059 10.071 7
99089.772 3-0.356 8-0.553 9-0.060 20.049 00.069 5
1010099.784 8-0.417 5-0.725 5-0.080 70.038 30.068 2
表1  不同Fsx下正交并联六维力传感器的标定实验结果
图5  Fcy与Fsx的耦合关系
图6  Fcz与Fsx的耦合关系
图7  Mcx与Fsx的耦合关系
图8  Mcy与Fsx的耦合关系
图9  Mcz与Fsx的耦合关系
图10  Fcx与Fsy的耦合关系
图11  Fcz与Fsy的耦合关系
图12  Mcx与Fsy的耦合关系
图13  Mcy与Fsy的耦合关系
图14  Mcz与Fsy的耦合关系
解耦方法误差FxFyFzMxMyMz
线性解耦线性度误差0.4170.9253.0950.1440.0840.226
最大耦合误差2.5091.5999.8670.5460.2430.313
多项式拟合解耦线性度误差0.4030.9042.9840.1080.0760.189
最大耦合误差1.3400.4720.9530.0550.0590.042
表2  不同解耦算法的误差分析结果对比 (%)
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