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工程设计学报  2022, Vol. 29 Issue (2): 254-262    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.024
整机和系统设计     
基于组合方式的掘进机导航系统研究
田立勇(),孙业新,于宁,陈洪月,马春莹
辽宁工程技术大学 机械工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000
Research on navigation system of roadheader based on combination mode
Li-yong TIAN(),Ye-xin SUN,Ning YU,Hong-yue CHEN,Chun-ying MA
School of Mechanical Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China
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摘要:

掘进机时走时停的迈步式工作特点导致其难以实现定向掘进,这一直是国内外面临的技术难题。为实现煤矿巷道掘进机的位姿测量,提出一种基于组合方式的掘进机导航系统(即组合导航系统)。首先,以十字激光指向仪的激光束为识别特征,结合自主研制的激光接收标靶,组建光电传感器导航系统,并构建掘进机机身位姿解算模型;然后,通过递推最小二乘(recursive least square, RLS)算法将光电传感器导航系统和光纤惯性导航系统的测量数据融合,解算出掘进机机身的位姿;最后,根据掘进机机身位姿的测量结果,通过PLC (programmable logic controller,可编程逻辑控制器)实现掘进机的纠偏控制,以有效解决其定向掘进问题。以MB670型掘锚一体机为实验对象,通过现场实验对所设计的组合导航系统进行测量误差分析。结果表明:该组合导航系统可以有效实现煤矿巷道掘进机机身的位姿测量;掘进机机身的位置测量误差在±20 mm以内,姿态角测量误差在±0.15°以内,满足煤矿巷道施工精度要求。基于组合方式的掘进机导航系统具有精度高、可靠性好的优点,弥补了单一导航系统的测量缺陷,可为掘进机的定向掘进智能控制提供理论基础。

关键词: 掘进机光电传感器光纤惯性导航递推最小二乘(RLS)算法位姿测量    
Abstract:

The step-by-step working characteristic of roadheader makes it difficult to realize directional tunneling, which has always been a technical problem at home and abroad. In order to realize the position and attitude measurement of coal mine roadheader, a navigation system of roadheader based on the combination mode (integrated navigation system) was proposed. Firstly, taking the laser beam of the cross laser pointer as the recognition feature, combined with the self-developed laser receiving target, the photoelectric sensor navigation system was set up, and the position and attitude calculation model of roadheader body was constructed; then, the measured data of the photoelectric sensor navigation system and the optical fiber inertial navigation system were fused by the recursive least square (RLS) algorithm to calculate the position and attitude of roadheader body; finally, according to the measurement results of the position and attitude of roadheader body, the deviation correction control for the roadheader was realized through the PLC (programmable logic controller), so as to effectively solve the problem of directional tunneling.Taking the MB670 anchor digging machine as the experimental object, the measurement error of the designed integrated navigation system was analyzed through field experiments.The results showed that the integrated navigation system could effectively measure the position and attitude of the coal mine roadheader body; the position measurement error of roadheader body was within ± 20 mm, and the attitude angle measurement error was within ± 0.15°, which met the requirements of coal mine roadway construction accuracy.The navigation system of roadheader based on the combination mode has the advantages of high precision and good reliability, which makes up for the measurement defects of the single navigation system, so it can provide a theoretical basis for the intelligent control of directional tunneling of roadheader.

Key words: roadheader    photoelectric sensor    optical fiber inertial navigation    RLS (recursive least square) algorithm    position and attitude measurement
收稿日期: 2021-04-12 出版日期: 2022-05-06
CLC:  TD 421.5  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874157)
作者简介: 田立勇(1979—),男,辽宁凌源人,副教授,博士,从事机电一体化研究,E-mail:tianliyong@lntu.edu.cnhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8690-5550
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引用本文:

田立勇,孙业新,于宁,陈洪月,马春莹. 基于组合方式的掘进机导航系统研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2022, 29(2): 254-262.

Li-yong TIAN,Ye-xin SUN,Ning YU,Hong-yue CHEN,Chun-ying MA. Research on navigation system of roadheader based on combination mode[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2022, 29(2): 254-262.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.024        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2022/V29/I2/254

图1  掘进机组合导航系统总体方案
图2  掘进机组合导航系统结构1—防爆计算机;2—十字激光指向仪;3—巷道;4—光纤惯性导航系统;5—激光接收标靶;6—标靶支架;7—垂直激光束;8—水平激光束。
图3  激光接收标靶组成示意
图4  掘进机机身位姿测量相关坐标系定义
图5  光电传感器导航系统的测量原理示意
图6  初始模拟信号和RLS融合信号的均方误差对比
图7  不同遗忘因子下权重系数的收敛曲线
图8  掘进机组合导航系统测试现场
对比项序号x/mmy/mmz/mm偏向角/(°)俯仰角/(°)滚动角/(°)
标定值185.010 000.030.0-1.210.121.42
295.020 000.030.00.97-0.25-1.56
3-100.030 000.030.0-0.750.231.07
4-110.040 000.030.01.37-0.38-0.96
5-120.050 000.030.0-0.840.170.67
测量值192.310 008.636.4-1.290.241.36
2101.620 011.527.50.91-0.17-1.45
3-91.830 007.326.9-0.830.311.16
4-117.439 987.739.31.28-0.29-1.08
5-108.749 985.923.7-0.960.260.74
表1  MB670型掘锚一体机机身位姿的标定值与测量值对比
图9  MB670型掘锚一体机机身位置测量误差
图10  MB670型掘锚一体机机身姿态角测量误差
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