According to the characteristics of engineering vehicles, on the basis of engine configuration,a novel turbine pneumatic starter motor is designed. Some innovations was applied to the devices in starter drive, such as gear propulsion and the installing connection, and the gear clash was avoided, and the small volume, good strength, reliable transmission, long service lifetime and convenient exchanging of small gears were realized. The two stage impact turbine rotor was used on the powerplant mounting system and the intake port was made up of two stators and two rotors raising the gas kinetic energy utilization. The power transmission assembly was improved based on the ratchet clutch, the rolling friction and bearing supports were used to make the piston axial travel by the air through airway interface, which decreased the number of parts and friction. The planetary reducer was used on the decelerator assembly that could run on low speed, which had a good advantage of light weight, small volume, big torque and overload, little friction and simple structure. The in-situ test was made on the motor. The experiment showed that the structure was proportion to the car engine and more adaptive to the engine starting characteristics and requirement, which could be applied on the start of locomotive engine. The motor had wider source conditions, and the vehicles could be started multi-times without air admission, which made the start more reliable. The structure design provides an alternative way for engine starting, which also plays a role in promoting the domestic pneumatic starter motor.