Anchorage performance of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.05.005

Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)

2026, Vol. 60

Issue (5): 954-963 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.05.005

Anchorage performance of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows

Jiahang LI1(

),Mi ZHOU1,*(

),Kai YANG2,Shuai WANG2

1. Shaanxi Provincial Major Laboratory for Highway Bridge & Tunnel, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
2. Shaanxi Provincial Transport Planning Design and Research Institute Co. Ltd, Xi’an 710068, China

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Abstract

Four groups of UHPC grouting bellows connectors were designed and fabricated using 40 mm diameter rebars as anchorage, and unilateral pullout tests were carried out. Finite-element models of the experimentally verified UHPC grouting bellows connectors were established, and an expanded parameterization analysis was carried out by taking the diameter of the rebars, the anchor length of the rebars, and the diameter of the bellows as the parameters. The grouted bellows connectors, which used 16 to 50 mm diameter rebars as anchorage, were classified and predicted using a support vector machine (SVM). Results show that pullout damage can be prevented when the bellows length is at least 15 times the rebar diameter and the anchorage length is at least 12 times the rebar diameter. Based on the finite-element models, the recommended anchorage length for rebars of 36 mm diameter and above and the recommended outer diameter of bellows were calculated. The accuracy of the SVM classification model in predicting the damage mode reached 86% for connectors with 16 to 50 mm diameter rebars as anchorage.

Key words： large-diameter rebar grouting bellows unilateral pullout tests finite-element models support vector machine(SVM)

Received: 31 May 2025 Published: 06 May 2026

CLC:

U 445

Fund: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51978062）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2024SF-YBXM-644）；陕西省交通科研项目（22-05K）；山西省交通科技项目（2021-02-03）.

Corresponding Authors: Mi ZHOU E-mail: 2783590746@qq.com;zhoumi@chd.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

Jiahang LI,Mi ZHOU,Kai YANG,Shuai WANG. Anchorage performance of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2026, 60(5): 954-963.

URL:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.05.005 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2026/V60/I5/954

大直径钢筋-UHPC灌浆波纹管的锚固性能

设计并制作4组使用40 mm直径钢筋作为锚固的足尺UHPC灌浆波纹管连接件模型，开展单侧拉拔试验. 建立经试验验证的UHPC灌浆波纹管连接件有限元模型，以钢筋直径、钢筋锚固长度和波纹管直径为参数进行拓展参数化分析. 基于支持向量机（SVM）对采用16~50 mm直径钢筋作为锚固钢筋的灌浆波纹管连接件进行分类和预测. 结果表明：当波纹管长度不小于15倍钢筋直径，钢筋锚固长度不小于12倍钢筋直径时，可保证不发生钢筋拔出破坏. 结合有限元模型计算36 mm直径及以上钢筋的建议锚固长度和波纹管的建议外径取值，SVM分类模型预测使用16~50 mm直径钢筋作为锚固钢筋连接件的破坏模式的准确率为86%.

关键词： 大直径钢筋, 灌浆波纹管, 单侧拉拔试验, 有限元模型, 支持向量机(SVM)

Fig.1 Structure diagram of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Tab.1 Pullout tests design of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows

Tab.2 Mass proportion of UHPC mixture components

Fig.2 Fabrication process schematic diagrams of UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of loading device for unilateral pullout tests on UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Fig.4 Cross-sectional schematic of failure modes of UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Tab.3 Pullout test results of large-diameter rebar-UHPC grouting bellows

Fig.5 UHPC grouting bellows connectors after test loading

Fig.6 Stress-displacement curves of UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Fig.7 Stress-strain curves for steel materials

Fig.8 Concrete damaged plasticity model

Fig.9 Finite-element models for pullout tests

Fig.10 Stress-displacement curves of UHPC grouting bellows connectors (comparison between numerical simulations and experimental results)

Tab.4 Comparison between unilateral pullout test and simulation results for UHPC grouting bellows connectors

Tab.5 Geometric parameters of finite-element model

Fig.11 Geometric construction of finite-element model

Tab.6 Unilateral pullout test results of finite-element model

Fig.12 Determination of critical anchorage length of rebar

Fig.13 Compressive stress of concrete and UHPC under different aperture ratios

Tab.7 Stresses of bellows and rebar cages for different models

Fig.14 Receiver operating characteristic curve


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