Seepage erosion test and its mesoscopic mechanism at different pipeline-leaking locations

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.06.011

Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)

2024, Vol. 58

Issue (6): 1209-1220 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.06.011

Seepage erosion test and its mesoscopic mechanism at different pipeline-leaking locations

Ziye WANG(

),Yong TAN*(

),Yingying LONG

College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

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Abstract

The effects of different pipeline-leaking locations on losses of soil and water were investigated using uniformly graded Fujian standard sand, for the ground collapse induced by pipeline leaking. Discrete element method-finite difference method (DEM-FDM) numerical analyses were carried out to reveal the mesoscopic mechanism for pipeline leakage. The effects of different leaking locations on seepage erosion and the change of soil stress were analyzed. The development of water and soil pressure as well as the soil arching were explored during pipeline leaking. Both experimental test and numerical simulation results are as follows. 1) The process of erosion includes three stages, initial erosion, development stage and convergence stage. 2) The leakage occurring at the pipeline side causes serious erosion and induces catastrophic ground collapse due to more disturbance to the stratum and greater seepage force. 3) The soil pressure shows decreasing trend near the pipeline leakage location and increasing trend further away pipeline leakage location. Also, the sum pressure of soil and water near the pipeline leakage location remains unchanged. 4) The developments of soil pressure on pipeline are different for various leaking locations. For the leakage at the top of the pipeline, the soil pressure around the leakage gradually decreases. For the leakage at the side of the pipeline, the development of soil pressure shows three trends, increasing, decreasing and unchanging.

Key words： pipeline leakage leakage location seepage erosion DEM-FDM soil arching

Received: 29 July 2023 Published: 25 May 2024

CLC:

TU 43

Fund: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（42177179）.

Corresponding Authors: Yong TAN E-mail: Wangziye1998@163.com;tanyong21th@tongji.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

Ziye WANG,Yong TAN,Yingying LONG. Seepage erosion test and its mesoscopic mechanism at different pipeline-leaking locations. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(6): 1209-1220.

URL:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.06.011 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2024/V58/I6/1209

不同渗漏位置下管道渗蚀物理模型试验及细观机理研究

针对管道渗漏诱发的地面塌陷问题，采用级配均匀的福建标准砂，研究管道不同渗漏位置对水土流失发展规律的影响. 利用离散元与有限差分耦合(DEM-FDM)的方法在细观层面对管道渗漏进行模拟，探究管道不同渗漏位置对地层应力以及渗流侵蚀发展的影响，分析渗漏前后管道所受水、土压力的变化以及土拱的发展情况. 试验及数据模拟研究结果表明：1）管道渗漏会经历初步渗漏、渗漏发展、渗漏收敛3个阶段. 2）管道腰部发生渗漏会对地层造成更大的扰动并受到更为强烈的渗流侵蚀作用，诱发更为严重的地面塌陷. 3）管道发生渗漏后，管道表面渗漏处受到的土压力会减小，而管道表面渗漏处周围所受到的土压力会增加，但其受到的水土合力基本保持不变. 4）管道不同位置发生渗漏时，管道表面土压力的发展是不同的：顶部发生渗漏，管道表面渗漏处周围土压力逐渐减小；腰部发生渗漏，管道表面不同位置处的土压力则分别展现出增加、减小以及不变3种趋势.

关键词： 管道渗漏, 渗漏位置, 渗流侵蚀, DEM-FDM, 土拱

Fig.1 Schematic diagram model test equipment for soil erosion induced by pipe leakage

Tab.1 Physical parameters of Fujian standard sand

Fig.2 Grading curves of Fujian standard soil used in test

Tab.2 Experiment scheme for pipeline leakage under different locations

Fig.3 Development of soil erosion for Case 1

Fig.4 Development of soil erosion for Case 2

Fig.5 Device of measuring lost sand and lost water

Fig.6 Discharge of sand and water with time in different cases

Tab.3 Discharged characteristics of sand and water under different leakage locations of pipeline

Fig.7 Calibration results of PFC for internal friction angle

Tab.4 Parameters of numerical simulation of pipeline leakage

Fig.8 Comparison of calculated soil pressure between using PFC model and using code

Fig.9 DEM-FDM coupling model

Fig.10 Development of stratum erosion for 0° leaking and 90° leaking

Fig.11 Change of vertical effective stress after pipeline leakage under different locations

Fig.12 Change of hydraulic gradient near defect during leaking

Fig.13 Schematic diagram for calculating soil pressure on pipe surface

Fig.14 Distribution of pressure on pipe surface before pipeline leakage

Fig.15 Distributions of pressure on pipe surface after pipeline leakage under different leaking locations

Fig.16 Comparison of soil pressure and sum pressure after pipeline leakage under different leaking locations

Fig.17 Developments of soil pressure on pipe surface under different leaking locations


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