To explore the deformation and failure mechanism of sand foundation induced by the decrease of tunnel support pressure, the material point method (MPM), a large deformation analyzing method in geotechnical engineering was used to simulate the whole process. The characteristics of localized shear bands, the arching effect, the settlement trough shape, and the relationship between support pressure and ground movement were investigated. The reliability of MPM in analyzing tunnel-induced soil deformation was verified. By comparing the simulated results with experimental and theoretical data, it is shown that MPM can accurately predict the ground deformation caused by the reduction of tunnel support pressure and the ultimate support pressure, and obtain the overall deformation behavior before and after tunnel collapse. On this basis, the influence of cover depth-to-diameter ratios and friction angles on the arching effect, the limiting support pressure and the strata deformation were investigated.
Chun-xin ZHANG,Hong-hu ZHU,Hao-jie LI,Wei ZHANG,Chun LIU. Material point method simulations of sand deformation and failure around tunnel controlled by support pressure. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(7): 1317-1326.
Fig.1Model size and discretization of material points
Fig.2Support pressure versus ground settlement curves
Fig.3Displacement contours of soil under different support pressures (C/D=1.5, φ=25°)
Fig.4Deviatoric strain contours of soil under different support pressures (C/D=1.5, φ=25°)
Fig.5Volumetric strain contour of soil at σT=51 kPa (C/D=1.5, φ=25°)
Fig.6Stress evolution of two material points in shear bands
Fig.7Stress distributions in cover soil
Fig.8Fitted curves of ground surface settlement (C/D=1.6，φ=25°)
Fig.9Relationship between pressure reduction factor and ground settlement for different cover depths
C/D
σTL/kPa
λ
1.5
51
0.73
2.5
63
0.78
3.5
64
0.84
Tab.1Ultimate support pressures for different cover depths
Fig.10Deviatoric strain contours of soil at different pressure reduction factors
Fig.11Relationship between pressure reduction factor and ground settlement with different friction angles
φ/（°）
σTL/kPa
λ
15
129
0.55
25
66
0.77
35
43
0.85
Tab.2Ultimate support pressures for soils with different friction angles
Fig.12Relationship between depth and vertical stress
Fig.13Deviatoric strain contours of soil with different friction angles at λ=0.95
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