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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (1): 118-125    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.01.014
Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering     
Experimental study on prediction of long-term durability of sealing gasket of shield tunnel
Zi-xin ZHANG1,2(),Jia-qi ZHANG1,2,Xin HUANG1,2,*(),Qian-wei ZHUANG3
1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
3. Shanghai Shield and Research Center Limited Company, Shanghai 200137, China
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Abstract  

The thermal oxygen-aging experiment was conducted in order to establish an aging coefficient model of rubber of the elastic gasket of shield tunnel. The elongation to stress ratio was used as a performance degradation index in the model, which can predict the performance of rubber at different temperatures and time. Long-term service states of gasket were simulated, and waterproofing tests were conducted to analyze the influence of service time and opening amount on waterproofing ability. Results show that tensile strength of rubber decreases rapidly under the influence of elongation at break in the early aging stage, then the dominant factor changes to the tensile modulus. Aging coefficient declines with time, and the rate of decline gradually decreases. The aging coefficient is 0.364 after 100 years of service. Waterproofing pressure-reduction coefficient of gasket declines with the decrease of the opening amount and is generally smaller than the aging coefficient. An empirical model predicting waterproofing pressure-reduction coefficient was established with service time and opening amount as independent variables based on the experimental data.

Key words： shield tunnel      joint waterproof      Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)      aging coefficient      opening amount      service time      performance prediction     
Received: 22 February 2019      Published: 05 January 2020
CLC:  U 451  
Corresponding Authors: Xin HUANG     E-mail: zxzhang@tongji.edu.cn;xhuang@tongji.edu.cn
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Zi-xin ZHANG
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Cite this article:

Zi-xin ZHANG,Jia-qi ZHANG,Xin HUANG,Qian-wei ZHUANG. Experimental study on prediction of long-term durability of sealing gasket of shield tunnel. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(1): 118-125.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.01.014     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2020/V54/I1/118


盾构隧道密封垫长期防水性能预测的试验研究

为了建立盾构隧道弹性密封垫橡胶的老化系数模型，开展热氧加速老化试验. 该模型采用伸长率与应力的比值作为性能劣化指标，可以预测橡胶在不同温度和时间状态下的性能，对密封垫的长期服役状态进行预测. 通过一系列水密性试验，研究密封垫防水能力受服役时间和张开量的影响规律. 研究结果表明，橡胶的拉伸强度在老化前期受拉断伸长率变化的影响迅速下降，后期主导因素转变为拉伸模量；老化系数随着时间的增加而持续下降，但下降速度逐渐减小，最终服役百年后的老化系数为0.364；密封垫耐水压折减系数随着张开量的减小而降低，总体上小于老化系数. 基于试验结果，建立以服役时间和张开量为自变量的耐水压折减系数的预测公式.


关键词： 盾构隧道,  接缝防水,  三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）,  老化系数,  张开量,  服役时间,  性能预测 
指标 指标值
H/（°） 62±5
Ts/MPa ≥10.5
Eb/% ≥350
防霉等级 ≥1级
?H/（°）（热空气老化70 °C×96 h） ≤+6
?Ts$T_{\rm{s}}^{-1} $/%（热空气老化70 °C×96 h） ≥?15
?Eb$E_{\rm{b}}^{-1} $/%（热空气老化70 °C×96 h） ≥?30
Tab.1 Performance index of EPDM
老化指标 指标值
T/K 358、373、398、423
t/h 0、8、24、48、72、96、168
Tab.2 Aging conditions of rubber samples
Fig.1 Samples of condition of 358 K-8 h
Fig.2 Change of elongation at breakage of testing samples
Fig.3 Change of tensile strength of testing samples
项目 H/（°） Ts/MPa Eb/%
未老化 62.3 14.80 576.08
343 K、96 h处理 64.9 13.56 489.92
Tab.3 Aging performance indexes of rubber samples
Fig.4 Elongation - stress curve
Fig.5 Variation of performance degradation index
B A r $E/R$ R2
1 1 963.846 0.416 3 886.865 0.985
Tab.4 Fitting parameters of aging coefficient model
t/y fp t/y fp
0 1 50 0.469
5 0.748 75 0.408
10 0.679 100 0.364
30 0.542 — —
Tab.5 Aging coefficients at different service times
Fig.6 Cross-section of elastic gasket
指标 指标值
H/（°） 65±3
Ts/MPa ≥10.5
Cs/%（343 K×24 h，25%） ≤25
Cs/%（296 K×72 h，25%） ≤15
?Eb$E_{\rm{b}}^{-1} $/%（热空气老化343 K×96 h） ≥?15
?H/(°)（热空气老化343 K×96 h） ≤+6
Eb/%（热空气老化343 K×96 h） ≥350
防霉等级 ≥1级
Tab.6 Physical and mechanical properties of EPDM rubber gasket
t/h t/y t/h t/y
0 0 11.2 23.0
2.2 4.6 16.7 34.5
6.7 13.8 22.3 46.0
Tab.7 Aging time conditions of elastic gasket
Fig.7 Waterproof steel mould
Fig.8 Variation of waterproof pressure with opening amount
Fig.9 Comparison of waterproof compression reduction coefficient with aging coefficient
a b R2
?0.136 2.377 0.992
Tab.8 Fitting parameters of waterproof compression reduction coefficient
O/mm ${f_{p_{\rm{w}}}} $ pw
7 0.237 0.40
9 0.312 0.30
10 0.358 0.29
Tab.9 Waterproof compression reduction coefficient at different conditions after 100 years of service
Fig.10 Waterproof compression reduction coefficient curve
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