电动汽车充电桩的气动噪声分析和优化

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.04.015

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2024, Vol. 58

Issue (4): 799-807 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.04.015

机械工程、能源工程

电动汽车充电桩的气动噪声分析和优化

潘琦1(

),江丙云1,2,*(

),陈云1

1. 国创移动能源创新中心（江苏）有限公司，江苏常州 213166
2. 浙江大学机械工程学院，浙江杭州 310027

Aerodynamic noise analysis and optimization for charging pile of electric vehicle

Qi PAN1(

),Bingyun JIANG1,2,*(

),Yun CHEN1

1. National Innovation Center of Mobile Energy (Jiangsu) Limited Company, Changzhou 213166, China
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

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摘要：

分析180 kW大功率直流充电桩在不同工况下的气动噪声特性，进行整桩的降噪优化设计. 采用计算流体力学（CFD）与计算气动声学（CAA）分步耦合仿真的方法，分析整桩的噪声频谱和声场分布规律；开展整桩试验测试，验证仿真的精确性；对比、分析不同降噪方案的降噪性能，并进行方案的试验验证. 结果显示，整桩噪声主频为830 Hz，整桩噪声次频为650 Hz，分别与电源模块风扇以及系统风扇的叶片通过频率重合；在电源模块进风口布置吸音棉能够有效消除整桩噪声第三、第四峰值频率幅值；在系统风扇出风口布置吸音棉能够使整桩A计权声压级总值降低约1.2 dB；相同布置位置，在保证散热的同时增加吸音棉厚度的降噪效果不显著，整桩A计权声压级总值降低不足1.0 dB.

关键词： 气动噪声; 散热风扇; 充电桩; 降噪优化

Abstract:

The aerodynamic noise characteristics of the 180 kW high-power DC charging pile under different working conditions were analyzed, and the optimization design was applied for noise reduction of the charging pile. The noise spectrum and sound field distribution of the charging pile were simulated by the multi-step coupling method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational aeroacoustics (CAA). The test of the charging pile was carried out to verify the accuracy of the simulation. The effectiveness of different noise reduction schemes was compared and analyzed, and the test validation of the schemes was carried out. Results showed that the basic frequency of the charging pile noise was 830 Hz, which coincided with the blade passing frequency of the fan in the power module, and the second peak frequency of the charging pile noise was 650 Hz, which coincided with the blade passing frequency of the system fan. The third and fourth peak frequency amplitudes of the charging pile noise were effectively eliminated by arranging sound-absorbing cotton in the power module air inlet. The overall A-weighted sound pressure level of the charging pile was reduced by about 1.2 dB by arranging sound-absorbing cotton in the system fan outlet. At the same arrangement position, the noise reduction effect of increasing the sound-absorbing cotton thickness was not remarkable while ensuring heat dissipation, and the reduction of the overall A-weighted sound pressure level of the charging pile was less than 1.0 dB.

Key words: aerodynamic noise cooling fan charging pile noise reduction optimization

收稿日期: 2023-04-07 出版日期: 2024-03-27

CLC:

TM 7

基金资助: 江苏省重大共性技术研发资助项目（GC04C200001）；常州市第十五批科技计划资助项目（CZ20210009）.

通讯作者: 江丙云 E-mail: qi.pan@wbstar.com;bingyun.jiang@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 潘琦（1994—），男，中级工程师，硕士，从事充电设备的气动噪声工程研究. orcid.org/0009-0004-7656-6219. E-mail：qi.pan@wbstar.com

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引用本文:

潘琦,江丙云,陈云. 电动汽车充电桩的气动噪声分析和优化[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(4): 799-807.

Qi PAN,Bingyun JIANG,Yun CHEN. Aerodynamic noise analysis and optimization for charging pile of electric vehicle. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(4): 799-807.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.04.015 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I4/799

图 1 桩体模型示意图

图 2 风扇逆向三维模型

图 3 风扇远场1 m测点的A计权声压级频谱图

图 4 整桩流场计算模型

图 5 整桩流场切面云图

图 6 整桩声学模型

图 7 声学测点的噪声频谱

图 8 声场分布云图

图 9 声学测试设备

表 1 不同工况下各测点的A计权声压级

图 10 吸音棉布置位置

表 2 吸音棉布置方案

图 11 吸音棉不同布置位置的整桩声学结果

图 12 吸音棉不同厚度的整桩声学结果

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