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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (9): 1772-1779    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.09.010
土木工程、交通工程     
轨道不平顺与轮轨匹配对地铁车辆晃动的影响
张斌(),关庆华*(),李伟,周亚波,温泽峰
西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室 四川 成都 610031
Influence of track irregularity and wheel-rail profile compatibility on metro vehicle sway
Bin ZHANG(),Qing-hua GUAN*(),Wei LI,Ya-bo ZHOU,Ze-feng WEN
State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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摘要：

为了综合分析轨道不平顺与轮轨匹配对地铁车辆晃动的影响机理，采用动力学试验与数值仿真相结合的方法展开研究. 测试车辆晃动的横向振动加速度、轮轨廓形及轨道不平顺，掌握车辆晃动、不同轮轨匹配特征，分析轨道不平顺及轮轨匹配对车辆晃动的影响. 结果表明：当地铁运行线路存在周期性轨道不平顺时，将严重影响车辆平稳性；不同轮轨型面匹配引起的转向架蛇行运动频率与轨道激励频率、车体滚摆模态频率的接近程度不同，是导致车辆平稳性存在差异的原因. 及时处理轨道周期性不平顺，合理控制轮轨型面匹配的等效锥度能够有效改善地铁车辆的运行品质.
关键词： 地铁车辆;  晃动;  轮轨匹配;  轨道不平顺;  耦合共振    
Abstract:

In order to comprehensively analyze the influence mechanism of track irregularity and wheel-rail profile compatibility on metro vehicle sway, a combination of dynamic test and numerical simulation was used to study. The lateral vibration acceleration of swaying vehicle, wheel-rail profile and track irregularity were tested. The characteristics of vehicle sway and differences in wheel-rail profile compatibility were revealed. The influence of track irregularity and wheel-rail profile compatibility on vehicle sway were analyzed. Results show that the ride quality will be seriously affected when there is periodic irregularity on the metro operation lines. The difference in the proximity of bogie hunting frequency due to wheel-rail profile compatibility, track excitation frequency and carbody sway modal frequency is the cause of the difference of vehicle ride quality. Measures should be taken in time to treat periodic irregularities on the lines. Meanwhile, reasonable control of the equivalent conicity of wheel-rail profile compatibility can effectively improve the running quality of metro vehicle.
Key words: metro vehicle    sway    wheel–rail profile compatibility    track irregularity    coupling resonance
收稿日期: 2021-10-18 出版日期: 2022-09-28
CLC:  U 270.1  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51305360)；广西科技计划项目(2020AC15009)；牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2020TPL-T02)
通讯作者: 关庆华     E-mail: 15191092547@163.com;guan_qh@163.com
作者简介: 张斌（1997—），男，硕士生，从事车辆系统动力学研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-0430-7304. E-mail： 15191092547@163.com
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张斌
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引用本文:

张斌,关庆华,李伟,周亚波,温泽峰. 轨道不平顺与轮轨匹配对地铁车辆晃动的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(9): 1772-1779.

Bin ZHANG,Qing-hua GUAN,Wei LI,Ya-bo ZHOU,Ze-feng WEN. Influence of track irregularity and wheel-rail profile compatibility on metro vehicle sway. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(9): 1772-1779.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.09.010    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I9/1772

图 1  车体振动加速度测点布置示意图
图 2  车体横向振动加速度特征分析
图 3  不同镟后里程车辆的横向平稳性指标
图 4  不同镟后里程的车轮廓形及磨耗分布
图 5  实测钢轨廓形和垂向偏差量
图 6  轮轨接触点对分布
图 7  不同轮轨匹配的等效锥度
图 8  地铁车辆动力学模型
参数 数值
轮对质量/t 1.007
构架质量/t 1.900
车体质量/t 17.529
一系纵向刚度/(MN·m?1) 5.00
一系横向刚度/(MN·m?1) 5.00
一系垂向刚度/(MN·m?1) 1.06
二系纵向刚度/(MN·m?1) 0.1625
二系横向刚度/(MN·m?1) 0.1625
二系垂向刚度/(MN·m?1) 0.4000
轴距/m 2
表 1  地铁车辆设计参数
图 9  车辆横向平稳性指标云图
图 10  转向架蛇行运动及车体悬挂模态的频率与阻尼比
图 11  不同等效锥度下的模态频率
图 12  不同激励工况下的横向平稳性指标
廓形 λ
标准钢轨廓形 实测钢轨廓形
车轮踏面1 0.030 0.025
车轮踏面2 0.105 0.130
车轮踏面3 0.493 0.729
表 2  不同轮轨匹配的等效锥度对比
廓形 Wy
标准钢轨廓形 实测钢轨廓形
车轮踏面1 1.95 2.03
车轮踏面2 3.29 3.31
车轮踏面3 2.83 2.95
表 3  不同轮轨匹配对应车辆横向平稳性指标计算结果对比
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