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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (8): 1533-1541    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.08.007
土木与交通工程     
极小降压空间下城市供水管网的DMA分区方法
史文韬1,2(),李红艳1,2,*(),崔建国1,2,马熠阳1,2,张翀1,2,董颖虹1,2
1. 太原理工大学 环境科学与工程学院，山西 晋中 030600
2. 山西省市政工程研究生教育创新中心，山西 晋中 030600
DMA partition method of urban water distribution network under extreme small depressurization space
Wen-tao SHI1,2(),Hong-yan LI1,2,*(),Jian-guo CUI1,2,Yi-yang MA1,2,Chong ZHANG1,2,Ying-hong DONG1,2
1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, China
2. Innovation Center for Postgraduate Education in Municipal Engineering of Shanxi Province, Jinzhong 030600, China
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摘要：

在实施独立计量区域（DMA）分区时关闭边界阀门会造成管网中局部压力不满足管网规定最小服务水压. 针对上述问题，以谱聚类算法分区后边界管段(BPs)的数量及其平均体积流量、管径和长度作为目标函数，通过MATLAB中的函数gamultiobj得到最优分区BPs.设置一系列不同的最小服务水压并将它们作为约束条件，以分区后节点平均水龄和分区成本为目标函数，经gamultiobj优化计算得到Pareto最优解，根据解的情况确定BPs上设备的最优布置方案.采用模拟退火算法找出最佳管段更换方案，使得管网水压满足要求.以仅有0.09 m降压空间的Modena管网为例，采用本研究方法，在顺利完成分区的基础上还使分区后大体积流量用户和管网末梢用户的水质得到改善.该方法可以实现极小降压空间下管网的DMA分区，且在分区后仍能保证管网正常运行.
关键词： 供水管网;  DMA分区;  谱聚类算法;  边界管段;  模拟退火算法    
Abstract:

The local pressure in the pipe network did not meet the minimum service water pressure specified by the pipe network due to closing the boundary valve during the implementation of district metered area (DMA) zoning. In order to solve the problem, the optimal partition boundary pipes (BPs) were obtained by taking the number of BPs and its average flow, pipe diameter and length after the spectral clustering algorithm as the objective function, through the function gamultiobj in MATLAB. A series of different minimum service water pressures were set as constraints. The average water age of the nodes and the zoning cost after the partition were taken as the objective function, and the Pareto optimal solution was obtained by gamultiobj optimization calculation. The optimal layout scheme of the equipment on the BPs was determined according to the solution. The simulated annealing algorithm was used to find the best pipe replacement scheme to make the water pressure of the pipe network meet the requirements. Taking the Modena pipe network with only 0.09 m depressurization space as an example, the water quality of users with large volume flow rate and end users after zoning was improved on the basis of the successful completion of zoning. The proposed method can realize the DMA zoning of the pipe network under the minimum depressurization space, and the normal operation of the pipe network can still be ensured after the partition.
Key words: water distribution network    DMA partition    spectral clustering algorithm    boundary pipes    simulated annealing algorithm
收稿日期: 2021-09-20 出版日期: 2022-08-30
CLC:  TU 991  
基金资助: 山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201803D31046)
通讯作者: 李红艳     E-mail: dtt_tyut2020@163.com;lhy3162@126.com
作者简介: 史文韬（1996—），男，硕士生，从事供水管网系统优化与调度研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-2190-6381. E-mail: dtt_tyut2020@163.com
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引用本文:

史文韬,李红艳,崔建国,马熠阳,张翀,董颖虹. 极小降压空间下城市供水管网的DMA分区方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(8): 1533-1541.

Wen-tao SHI,Hong-yan LI,Jian-guo CUI,Yi-yang MA,Chong ZHANG,Ying-hong DONG. DMA partition method of urban water distribution network under extreme small depressurization space. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(8): 1533-1541.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.08.007    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I8/1533

图 1  分区边界管段确定的流程图
图 2  管径更换方案优化流程图
图 3  案例管网拓扑图
图 4  3种分区方案下边界管段的相关指标对比
D/mm gval/（元·个?1） gvol/（元·台?1）
100 2300 11810
125 2450 13366
150 2700 15958
200 3150 17289
250 3700 20566
300 5000 25359
350 6700 28834
400 7800 31143
表 1  阀门和体积流量计价格
解编号 Hs,min/
m 		$ \overline {W}_{\text{a}} $/
h 		gc/
万元 		Tm/
台 		np nin
DMA1 DMA2 DMA3 DMA4
注：*表示该解在最小服务水压约束为17 m时重复出现
原管网 20 0.72 ? ? 0 ? ? ? ?
s-1 20 0.72 14.15 11 0 3 5 1 2
s-2 20 0.72 13.2 10 0 3 4 1 2
s-3 20 0.83 12.25 9 0 3 3 1 2
s-4 19 0.70 11.29 8 5 3 3 1 1
s-5 19 0.71 11.15 8 20 3 3 1 1
s-6 19 0.81 10.34 7 5 3 2 1 1
s-7 19 0.83 10.20 7 17 3 2 1 1
s-8* 18 0.70 10.34 7 13 3 2 1 1
s-9 18 0.81 9.39 6 13 3 1 1 1
s-10* 18 0.81 8.44 5 14 2 1 1 1
s-11 17 0.70 9.39 6 13 2 2 1 1
s-12 17 0.72 9.25 6 27 2 2 1 1
s-13 17 0.83 8.30 5 25 2 1 1 1
表 2  不同压力约束下的Pareto前沿及其他相关信息
图 5  模拟退火算法降温次数与最优值趋势
管段编号 BD AD 管段编号 BD AD
16 DN100 DN200 122 DN100 DN200
123 DN125 DN200 145 DN100 DN150
152 DN100 DN125 167 DN100 DN125
204 DN100 DN125 248 DN100 DN125
258 DN100 DN200 271 DN100 DN250
表 3  管段更换情况
图 6  Modena管网最终分区结果图
管网状态 $\overline {W}_{\text{a} }$/h gw/h Hav/m Hlow/m Qloss/(L·s?1)
分区前 0.72 3.76 25.13 20.09 63.8
分区后 0.72 2.02 25.07 20.01 63.7
表 4  DMA分区前、后管网运行性能指标
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