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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (1): 56-62    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.01.006
计算机技术、信息与电子工程     
电动汽车无线充电系统金属异物检测方法
杜凯1(),朱国荣1,陆江华2,*(),庞牧野1
1. 武汉理工大学 自动化学院, 湖北 武汉 430070
2. 武汉科技大学 信息科学与工程学院, 湖北 武汉 430081
Metal object detection method in wireless electric vehicle charging system
Kai DU1(),Guo-rong ZHU1,Jiang-hua LU2,*(),Mu-ye PANG1
1. School of Automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2. School of Information Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
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摘要：

为了保证无线电能传输（WPT）系统的安全可靠性，针对金属异物掉落电动汽车充电区域影响系统电气特性和产生涡流发热的问题，提出不影响WPT系统功率传输能力且无检测盲点的异物检测线圈阵列. 设计检测线圈谐振电路和控制电路，提高检测敏感度和准确度. 搭建具有金属异物检测功能的电动汽车WPT系统实验样机，通过多种常见金属异物验证检测方法的有效性和可行性. 经实验验证可知，从检测线圈上移除易拉罐、回形针和硬币等，检测电路输出电压均有明显的变化，各种金属异物的尺寸及材质各不相同，输出电压变化率存在差异，验证了提出的金属异物检测方法的有效性.
关键词： 无线电能传输;  电动汽车;  涡流;  金属异物检测    
Abstract:

A foreign object detection coil array that does not affect the power transmission capacity of the wireless power transmission (WPT) system and has no detection blind spots was proposed in view of the problem that metal foreign objects falling into the charging area of electric vehicles affect the electrical characteristics of the system and generate eddy current heating in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the WPT system. The detection coil resonance circuit and control circuit were designed to improve detection sensitivity and accuracy. An electric vehicle WPT system experimental prototype with metal foreign body detection function was built, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the detection method through more than ten common metal foreign bodies were verified. The test results verified that the output voltage of the detection circuit had obvious changes by removing the cans, paper clips and coins from the detection coil. The size and material of various metal foreign objects were different, and the output voltage change rate was different. The effectiveness of the proposed metal foreign body detection method was verified.
Key words: wireless power transfer    electric vehicle    eddy current    metal object detection
收稿日期: 2021-06-23 出版日期: 2022-01-05
CLC:  TM 724  
通讯作者: 陆江华     E-mail: Dddduk@outlook.com;jianghualu@wust.edu.cn
作者简介: 杜凯（1997—），男，硕士生，从事无线电能传输技术的研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-5220. E-mail: Dddduk@outlook.com
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杜凯
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引用本文:

杜凯,朱国荣,陆江华,庞牧野. 电动汽车无线充电系统金属异物检测方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(1): 56-62.

Kai DU,Guo-rong ZHU,Jiang-hua LU,Mu-ye PANG. Metal object detection method in wireless electric vehicle charging system. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(1): 56-62.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.01.006    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I1/56

图 1  阿基米德螺旋电感线圈
图 2  阿基米德螺旋电感线圈的等效电路
图 3  金属异物检测线圈的设计规则
图 4  检测线圈谐振电路
图 5  金属异物检测电路
图 6  检测线圈控制逻辑
图 7  检测线圈控制电路
图 8  金属异物检测电路时序控制逻辑
图 9  3.3 kW电动汽车WPT系统实验样机
图 10  异物检测电路的控制信号实验波形
图 11  异物检测电路输出电压的实验结果
异物 Vg/%
25美分硬币 25.6
5美分硬币 21.4
1美分硬币 15.8
钥匙 31.3
铝片（3 cm×3 cm） 37.8
铜片（3 cm×3 cm） 41.2
螺母 4.7
螺栓 5.3
易拉罐 80.7
钢丝球 26.6
回形针 3.6
锡箔纸（2 cm×2 cm） 34.5
铁钉 4.2
表 1  十余种常见金属异物对检测电路输出电压的影响
图 12  检测线圈谐振电路输出电压的实验结果
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