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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (12): 2323-2333    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.12.012
机械工程     
陈垃圾滚筒筛运动模式与筛分效率优化
柯瀚1,2(),兰盛泽1,2,张美兰3,胡杰1,2,*(),徐兴1,2,陈云敏1,2
1. 浙江大学 软弱土与环境土工教育部重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310058
2. 浙江大学 岩土工程研究所, 浙江 杭州 310058
3. 上海老港废弃物处置有限公司, 上海 201302
Motion pattern of aged municipal solid waste in trommeland optimization of screening efficiency
Han KE1,2(),Sheng-ze LAN1,2,Mei-lan ZHANG3,Jie HU1,2,*(),Xing XU1,2,Yun-min CHEN1,2
1. MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Shanghai Laogang Waste Disposal Limited Company, Shanghai 201302, China
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摘要：

推导陈垃圾在滚筒筛中的运动方程并求数值解，按最大位置角将陈垃圾运动模式划分成滚落、抛落、圆周运动，给出不同筛筒转速、半径、动摩擦因数下的运动模式判别云图. 滚筒筛试验结果显示，陈垃圾运动的最大位置角随转速的升高先增大后不变，转速超过50 r/min后垃圾进行圆周运动. 陈垃圾滚筒筛的筛分效率随转速增大呈先升后降的趋势，随抛落差的增大呈持续上升的趋势，随着原料水的质量分数的增加呈下降的趋势. 基于试验结果，给出滚筒筛最优转速取值云图，在实际工程中可根据垃圾动摩擦因数及滚筒半径选择最优转速，同时减小水的质量分数以提高筛分效率.
关键词： 滚筒筛;  运动模式;  最大位置角;  最优转速;  筛分效率    
Abstract:

The motion equation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in trommel was derived and solved numerically. The MSW motion pattern was divided into three categories according to the maximum position angle: cascade action, cataract action and circular action. The discriminant contour maps of the motion pattern under different rotating speed, radius and kinetic friction coefficient were given. The Trommel experiments indicate that the maximum position angle of the MSW motion increases first, and then stays stable with the increase of the rotating speed. The MSW enters circular action after the rotating speed reaches 50 r/min. The screening efficiency of trommel increases at first and then decreases with the increase of rotating speed, continues to increase with the increase of drop, and decreases with the increase of water mass fraction. The contour map of the optimal rotational speed with the trommel was given based on the experiment results. In specific projects, optimal rotating speed can be selected according to the kinetic friction coefficient of MSW and the trommel radius, and the water mass fraction should be reduced to improve the screening efficiency.
Key words: trommel    motion pattern    maximum position angle    optimal rotational speed    screening efficiency
收稿日期: 2021-01-02 出版日期: 2021-12-31
CLC:  TU 411  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1806000)；国家自然科学基金资助项目(52108348)；老港综合填埋场可持续填埋研究和工艺示范资助项目(2018-C/LG-104)；中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M692836)
通讯作者: 胡杰     E-mail: boske@126.com;hujie1993@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 柯瀚(1975—)，男，教授，从事环境土工研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-3916. E-mail: boske@126.com
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引用本文:

柯瀚,兰盛泽,张美兰,胡杰,徐兴,陈云敏. 陈垃圾滚筒筛运动模式与筛分效率优化[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(12): 2323-2333.

Han KE,Sheng-ze LAN,Mei-lan ZHANG,Jie HU,Xing XU,Yun-min CHEN. Motion pattern of aged municipal solid waste in trommeland optimization of screening efficiency. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(12): 2323-2333.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.12.012    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I12/2323

运动模式 δmax/（°） nt/(r·min?1) 物料运动特点 η
滚落 [0, 90] 较低 物料在水平线之下滑动、
涌落，物料混合不充分，不易使中间层物料翻向筛孔 		低
抛落 (90, 180) 足够高，但小于临界转速 物料先在圆周上提升，
越过一定高度后被
抛出，撞击筛面
得以分散 		高
圆周 [180, 360] 大于临界转速 物料一直附在筒壁上，
内部相对运动少，
大部分细物料不易筛出 		低
表 1  滚筒筛中物料不同运动模式的运动特点
图 1  滚筒筛中物料的3种运动模式
图 2  滚筒筛圆周上物料受力分析
阶段 δ au aD aT vTs 运动控制方程
I 0°~δ0 μ (gcos δ+v2/R) gsin δ >0 0 x=F1(t)
II δ0~δ1 aS gsin δ 0 2πntR x=xδ0+vδ0(t)
III >δ1 μ (gcos δ+v2/R) gsin δ <0 2πntR x=F1(t)
表 2  滚筒筛转速不足时单元体运动阶段表
图 3  标准工况下陈垃圾运动数值解
图 4  标准工况下各位置角与摩擦因数关系
图 5  一般工况下滚筒筛转速不足时陈垃圾运动数值解
图 6  最大角云图与运动模式划分
图 7  滚筒筛实物图
图 8  陈垃圾颗粒级配
图 9  室内试验最大角记录方法
图 10  筛分原料与筛分产物
图 11  最大角与滚筒筛转速关系
图 12  筛分效率与滚筒筛转速关系
图 13  筛分效率与抛落差关系
图 14  滚筒筛最优转速取值图
图 15  筛分效率与水的质量分数关系
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