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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (7): 1347-1354    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.07.013
机械与能源工程     
喷动流化床中杆状颗粒混合特性的CFD-DEM模拟
马华庆(),赵永志*()
浙江大学 化工机械研究所,浙江 杭州 310027
CFD-DEM investigation on mixing of rod-like particles in spout-fluid bed
Hua-qing MA(),Yong-zhi ZHAO*()
Institute of Process Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要:

采用计算流体力学-离散单元法(CFD-DEM)模型对杆状颗粒在喷动流化床中的流动及混合行为进行数值模拟研究,其中杆状颗粒采用超椭球模型进行描述. 通过模拟结果,考察流化气速、喷动气速和颗粒形状对流动与混合的影响. 结果表明,杆状颗粒在喷动流化床中的流动具有典型喷动床的喷动特性;提高喷动气速与流化气速均有助于颗粒混合,且流化气速对流动与混合的影响大于喷动气速. 颗粒形状主要通过颗粒互锁与颗粒长轴取向一致性这2个因素影响颗粒混合,提出较简单的方法用以量化颗粒长轴取向的一致性. 在上述2个因素的作用下,当杆状颗粒长径比较小时,增加长径比会抑制颗粒混合;当长径比较大时,增加长径比会促进颗粒混合.

关键词: 计算流体力学-离散单元法(CFD-DEM)喷动流化床颗粒混合杆状颗粒非球形颗粒    
Abstract:

The flow of rod-like particles in a spout-fluid bed was simulated by computational fluid dynamics/discrete element method (CFD-DEM), with rod-like particles being modeled by super-ellipsoids. The impacts of fluidization gas velocity, spout gas velocity and particle shape on the flow and mixing of rod-like particles were analyzed. The simulation results showed that the flow behaviors of rod-like particles in a spout-fluid bed basically accorded with the typical spout characteristics. Increasing fluidization gas velocity and spout gas velocity both can improve particle mixing, and the fluidization gas velocity has more effect on the particle mixing than the spout gas velocity does. The impact of particle shape on the particle mixing is mainly realized through the factors of consistency of particle orientation that is quantified by the proposed method and interlock between rod-like particles, so that the mixing degree decreases firstly and then increases with the particle aspect ratio.

Key words: computational fluid dynamics/discrete element method (CFD-DEM)    spout-fluid bed    particle mixing    rod-like particles    non-spherical particles
收稿日期: 2019-06-24 出版日期: 2020-07-05
CLC:  TK 6  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51741608)
通讯作者: 赵永志     E-mail: 21528010@zju.edu.cn;yzzhao@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 马华庆(1993—),男,博士生,从事生物质流化床数值模拟研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-6345-1349. E-mail: 21528010@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

马华庆,赵永志. 喷动流化床中杆状颗粒混合特性的CFD-DEM模拟[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(7): 1347-1354.

Hua-qing MA,Yong-zhi ZHAO. CFD-DEM investigation on mixing of rod-like particles in spout-fluid bed. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(7): 1347-1354.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.07.013        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I7/1347

图 1  喷动流化床及计算域CFD网格划分示意图
长径比 a/mm b/mm c/mm s1 s2
杆1 1 1.748 1.748 1.748 20 2
杆2 2 1.387 1.387 2.775 20 2
杆3 3 1.212 1.212 3.636 20 2
杆4 4 1.101 1.101 4.405 20 2
杆5 5 1.022 1.022 5.111 20 2
表 1  颗粒形状及尺寸
参数 数值
颗粒密度/(kg·m?3) 638
弹性恢复系数 0.8
颗粒-颗粒间摩擦系数 0.5
颗粒-壁面间摩擦系数 0.3
气体密度/(kg·m?3) 1.21
气体黏度/(Pa·s) 1.83 × 10?5
颗粒数量 28 000
CFD时间步长/s 2 × 10?4
DEM时间步长/s 2 × 10?5
流化气体us umf、1.25umf
喷动气速uj/(m·s?1 5、8
表 2  CFD-DEM模拟所用参数
图 2  床层初始状态
气速条件A
(us = umf,
uj = 5 m/s)
气速条件B
(us = umf,
uj = 8 m/s)
气速条件C
(us = 1.25umf,
uj = 5 m/s)
气速条件D
(us = 1.25umf,
uj = 8 m/s)
杆1 A1 B1 C1 D1
杆2 A2 B2 C2 D2
杆3 A3 B3 C3 D3
杆4 A4 B4 C4 D4
杆5 A5 B5 C5 D5
表 3  CFD-DEM模拟算例及其名称
图 3  颗粒流动状态的实验与模拟对比
us/(m·s?1) H/m
实验值 模拟值
0.7 0.309±0.020 0.291±0.028
1.0 0.346±0.039 0.358±0.057
表 4  CFD-DEM模拟与对应实验中床层高度的对比
图 4  杆状颗粒杆2和杆4在不同气速条件下的流动状态
图 5  不同气速条件下杆3颗粒混合指数随时间的变化
图 6  颗粒运动速度的时均值(2~10 s)
图 7  气速条件B下不同形状颗粒的混合指数随时间的变化
图 8  喷动流化床中子单元划分示意图
图 9  杆状颗粒长轴取向一致性的量化
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