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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2025, Vol. 59 Issue (2): 332-341    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.02.011
交通工程、土木工程     
脲酶诱导矿化对铅、镉复合污染砂土固化 修复的试验研究
江钇垚1(),陈延博1,2,*(),卞怡1,徐文杰1,2,詹良通1,2,柯瀚1,2,王清扬1
1. 浙江大学 岩土工程研究所，浙江 杭州 310058
2. 浙江大学 超重力研究中心，浙江 杭州 310058
Experimental study on lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand solidified and repaired by enzyme induced carbonate precipitation
Yiyao JIANG1(),Yanbo CHEN1,2,*(),Yi BIAN1,Wenjie XU1,2,Liangtong ZHAN1,2,Han KE1,2,Qingyang WANG1
1. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Center for Hypergravity Experimental and lnterdisciplinary, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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摘要：

运用脲酶诱导矿化(EICP)技术，对铅、镉复合污染砂土开展固化修复试验研究. 通过液体反应动力学试验研究脲酶种类和质量浓度对Pb2+、Cd2+固化的影响，采用不同浓度的氯化钙对铅、镉复合污染砂土进行固化试验，通过测定铅、镉浸出质量浓度和无侧限抗压强度，结合微观测试，揭示EICP修复重金属的机制. 液体试验结果发现，剑豆粗提纯脲酶溶液含有丰富的氨基酸和蛋白质，可以与Pb2+、Cd2+发生络合并防止脲酶失活；增大脲酶质量浓度可以提高脲酶活性和金属固定率. 土体固化修复试验结果表明，利用该技术，能够在污染土中生成重金属碳酸盐沉淀，在土颗粒接触位置处生成碳酸钙. 在4遍处理后，铅、镉浸出质量浓度由初始的12.652、42.530 mg/L分别降低至0.022、0.117 mg/L，无侧限抗压强度可达727 kPa.
关键词： 脲酶诱导矿化(EICP);  剑豆粗提纯脲酶;  碳酸盐沉淀;  铅、镉复合污染砂土;  修复机制    
Abstract:

The enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology was used to remediate the lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand. The influence of different urease types and mass concentrations on the solidification of lead and cadmium ions was analyzed through liquid reaction kinetics experiment. Then different concentrations of calcium chloride were used to solidify lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand. The leaching mass concentration of lead and cadmium ions and the unconfined compressive strength of the sand were measured. The remediation mechanisms of lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand treated by EICP was revealed combined with the microscopic testing. The results of liquid reaction kinetics experiments show that the crude sword beans urease contains rich amino acids and proteins, which can react with lead and cadmium ions and prevent urease deactivate. Increasing the urease mass concentration can enhance the urease activity and the immobilization rate of lead and cadmium ions. The results of soil remediation test indicate that EICP with crude sword bean ureases can form the heavy metal carbonate precipitation in the contaminated soil and induce calcium carbonate precipitation at the contact between sand particles. The leaching mass concentration of lead and cadmium decreases from the initial 12.652 mg/L and 42.530 mg/L to 0.022 mg/L and 0.117 mg/L respectively, and the unconfined compressive strength of treated sand can be up to 727 kPa after four treatments.
Key words: enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP)    crude sword bean urease    carbonate precipitation    lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand    remediation mechanism
收稿日期: 2024-01-03 出版日期: 2025-02-11
CLC:  TX 53  
基金资助: 浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划资助项目(2022C03095)；国家自然科学基金委员会基础科学中心资助项目(51988101)；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(52208373).
通讯作者: 陈延博     E-mail: 22112188@zju.edu.cn;chenyanbo@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 江钇垚（1999—），男，硕士生，从事生物岩土工程的研究. orcid.org/0009-0002-7648-2301. E-mail：22112188@zju.edu.cn
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江钇垚
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詹良通
柯瀚
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引用本文:

江钇垚,陈延博,卞怡,徐文杰,詹良通,柯瀚,王清扬. 脲酶诱导矿化对铅、镉复合污染砂土固化 修复的试验研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2025, 59(2): 332-341.

Yiyao JIANG,Yanbo CHEN,Yi BIAN,Wenjie XU,Liangtong ZHAN,Han KE,Qingyang WANG. Experimental study on lead and cadmium composite contaminated sand solidified and repaired by enzyme induced carbonate precipitation. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(2): 332-341.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.02.011    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2025/V59/I2/332

参数数值
比重Gs2.65
最大干密度 emax/(g·cm?3)1.813
最小干密度emin/(g·cm?3)1.56
最优水质量分数/%8
最大孔隙比ρdmax0.698
最小孔隙比ρdmin0.462
干密度ρd/(g·cm?3)1.6524
孔隙比e0.604
表 1  ISO标准砂土的基本物理特性
图 1  ISO标准砂土的颗粒级配曲线
图 2  精提纯脲酶和剑豆粗提纯脲酶在不同质量浓度条件下的脲酶活性
图 3  在Pb2+、Cd2+溶液环境下精提纯脲酶与剑豆粗提纯脲酶诱导矿化过程中的NH4+生成率
图 4  在Pb2+、Cd2+溶液环境下精提纯脲酶与剑豆粗提纯脲酶的金属固定率
图 5  剑豆粗提纯脲酶中的氨基酸成分
图 6  剑豆粗提纯脲酶及精提纯脲酶诱导矿化过程中沉淀产物的XRD图谱
图 7  精提纯脲酶和剑豆粗提纯脲酶诱导矿化过程中沉淀产物的FTIR图谱
图 8  不同质量浓度的剑豆粗提纯脲酶在矿化过程中的$ {\mathbf{N}\mathbf{H}}_{4}^{+} $生成率和金属固定率
图 9  不同氯化钙浓度条件下的重金属浸出质量浓度随处理遍数的变化
图 10  不同氯化钙浓度条件下处理2遍的砂土XRD检测图谱
图 11  当氯化钙浓度为0.25 mol/L时不同处理遍数污染土的电镜扫描和能谱图
图 12  当氯化钙浓度为0.5 mol/L时不同处理遍数污染土的电镜扫描和能谱图
图 13  固化试样的无侧限抗压强度
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