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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (10): 2038-2046    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.10.022
交通工程、土木工程     
基于弹性波传播的高速道岔尖轨断轨识别
王平1,2,刘乐1,2,胡辰阳1,2,龚政1,2,徐井芒1,2,*(),王智新3
1. 西南交通大学 高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室，四川 成都 610031
2. 西南交通大学 土木工程学院，四川 成都 610031
3. 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司，北京 100073
Identification of switch rail brakeage in high speed railway turnout based on elastic wave propagation
Ping WANG1,2,Le LIU1,2,Chen-yang HU1,2,Zheng GONG1,2,Jing-mang XU1,2,*(),Zhi-xin WANG3
1. Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2. College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
3. CRSC Research and Design Institute Group Limited Company, Beijing 100073, China
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摘要：

针对高速道岔尖轨断轨监测问题，开展基于弹性波传播的高速道岔尖轨断轨识别研究. 采用显式有限元方法建立高速道岔弹性波传播特性分析模型，模型中考虑尖轨与基本轨密贴状态、滑床台板支承等约束条件，结合试验对该模型进行验证. 研究不同激励频率、尖轨断轨位置及密贴状态等因素对高速道岔尖轨弹性波传播特性的影响. 研究表明：在健康尖轨中，2 kHz和4 kHz弹性波能量集中，传播信号基本不受基本轨和滑床台等约束条件的影响；在断轨识别中，通过滑床台传播的信号衰减倍数大于109，通过尖/基轨密贴传播的信号对各个频率弹性波的断轨识别均存在显著影响；在密贴状况下，断轨位置与弹性波传播信号存在一定的关联.
关键词： 高速道岔;  尖轨断轨;  弹性波传播;  断轨识别;  时频分析    
Abstract:

The identification of high-speed switch rail break based on elastic wave propagation was analyzed aiming at the monitoring problem of high-speed switch rail break. The explicit finite element method was used to establish an analytical model for the elastic wave propagation characteristics of high-speed turnouts, in which the constraints such as switch closure and the support of the sliding bed platform were considered. The model was verified by experiment. The effects of different excitation frequency, fracture position of switch rail and the close-contact state on the elastic wave propagation characteristics of the high-speed turnout were analyzed. Results showed that the elastic wave energy of 2 kHz and 4 kHz was concentrated in the healthy rail, and the signal propagation was basically not affected by the constraints of stock rail and slide bed platen. In the process of broken rail identification, the signal transmitted by slide bed platen attenuated to above 109, and the signal transmitted by switch closure had significant influence of elastic waves of various frequencies. Broken rail position was related to the signal of elastic wave propagation under close contact.
Key words: high-speed turnout    switch rail fracture    elastic wave propagation    broken rail detection    time-frequency analysis
收稿日期: 2019-12-21 出版日期: 2020-10-28
CLC:  U 216  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1734207，51978586）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2682018CX01）
通讯作者: 徐井芒     E-mail: mang080887@163.com
作者简介: 王平（1969—），男，教授，从事高速铁路道岔研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-5520. E-mail： wping@swjtu.edu.cn
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王平
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龚政
徐井芒
王智新

引用本文:

王平,刘乐,胡辰阳,龚政,徐井芒,王智新. 基于弹性波传播的高速道岔尖轨断轨识别[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(10): 2038-2046.

Ping WANG,Le LIU,Chen-yang HU,Zheng GONG,Jing-mang XU,Zhi-xin WANG. Identification of switch rail brakeage in high speed railway turnout based on elastic wave propagation. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(10): 2038-2046.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.10.022    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I10/2038

图 1  道岔模型示意图
图 2  尖轨模型及激励信号示意图
图 3  尖轨模型信号对比
f/kHz d/mm
2 160
4 80
10 32
30 10.6
表 1  不同频率弹性波网格大小
图 4  测点及传感器布置示意图
图 5  弹性波传播特性分析模型仿真及现场试验时域对比图
图 6  弹性波传播特性分析模型仿真及现场试验时频图
图 7  60D40钢轨截面及频散特性曲线
图 8  尖轨激励位置与接收位置布置示意图
图 9  断轨示意图
图 10  斥离状况下不同频率不同工况A点时频图
f/kHz A1 A2 A3
2 1.92 1.98×109 1.89×109
4 15 1.03×109 2.37×109
10 22 1.43×1010 1.37×1010
30 8.03×103 1.04×1011 4.63×1012
表 2  斥离状态下弹性波信号衰减倍数
图 11  密贴状况下不同频率不同工况A点时频图
f/kHz A1 A2 A3
2 1.78 21 47
4 12 5.56×102 5.98×102
10 45 3.05×103 5.98×102
30 1.08×104 7.50×106 1.12×107
表 3  密贴状态下弹性波信号衰减倍数
f/kHz B1 B2
2 1.92 1.78
4 15 12
10 22 45
30 8.03×103 1.08×104
表 4  健康尖轨信号衰减倍数
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