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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (4): 671-677    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.04.005
机械工程、电气工程     
基于眼动分析的车内信息显示位置设计
王龙(),余隋怀*(),初建杰
西北工业大学 陕西省工业设计工程实验室，陕西 西安 710072
Position design of in-car information display based on eye movement analysis
Long WANG(),Sui-huai YU*(),Jian-jie CHU
Shanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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摘要：

为了提高车内信息显示设计的安全性，针对车内信息显示的位置设计进行研究. 研究选取5个常见的车内信息显示设备的安放位置，依据驾驶员视觉行为与驾驶安全之间的关系，设计模拟驾驶员驾驶汽车时信息读取任务的眼动实验. 通过实验数据的分析比较可知，不同的车内信息显示位置会对驾驶员读取信息时的注视频率、注视数据在兴趣区域（AOI）内的分布产生显著影响. 分析和比较被试者完成信息读取任务时的注视频率、AOI内注视时间百分比、AOI内注视点百分比的均值可知，在实验选取的5个车内信息显示位置中位置3的数据均最高. 说明被试者读取实验位置3的信息时精力更集中，实验位置3对被试者产生视线偏离的影响最小. 由于驾驶员视线偏离会造成分心驾驶，威胁驾驶安全，车内信息显示位置设计会对驾驶安全产生一定的影响.
关键词： 车内信息显示;  位置设计;  分心驾驶;  驾驶安全;  眼动实验    
Abstract:

The position design of in-vehicle information display was analyzed in order to improve the safety of in-vehicle information display design. Five common positions of in-vehicle information display equipment were selected. The eye movement experiment was designed to simulate the task of information reading during driving by considering the relationship between driver's visual behavior and driving safety. The analysis and comparison of experimental data show that different in-vehicle information display positions will have a significant impact on the fixation frequency when the driver reads the information and the distribution of fixation data in the area of interest (AOI). The mean values of the fixation frequency, the percentage of fixation time in AOI and the percentage of fixations in AOI were analyzed and compared. The data of position 3 were highest in the 5 display positions selected in the experiment. Results showed that the participants were more focused on reading the information in position 3, and the visual deviation effect of the participants in position 3 was the least. Driver's visual deviation will cause distracted driving and threaten driving safety. The position design of in-vehicle information display will have a certain impact on driving safety.
Key words: in-vehicle information display    position design    distracted driving    driving safety    eye movement experiment
收稿日期: 2019-04-07 出版日期: 2020-04-05
CLC:  R 857  
基金资助: 高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目（B13044）；工信部民用飞机专项基金资助项目（MJ-2015-F-018）
通讯作者: 余隋怀     E-mail: wlcs91624@mail.nwpu.edu.cn;ysuihuai@vip.sina.com
作者简介: 王龙（1988—），男，博士生，从事计算机辅助工业设计与人机工效研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-7404. E-mail： wlcs91624@mail.nwpu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

王龙,余隋怀,初建杰. 基于眼动分析的车内信息显示位置设计[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(4): 671-677.

Long WANG,Sui-huai YU,Jian-jie CHU. Position design of in-car information display based on eye movement analysis. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(4): 671-677.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.04.005    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I4/671

图 1  ASL Eye-Trac6眼动跟踪设备
图 2  实验图像材料的处理过程
图 3  实验所用的图像材料
图 4  眼动跟踪实验过程
图 5  图像中数字出现位置
图 6  实验间隔图像
图 7  ASL Results Plus中数据处理
数据类型 Levene df1 df2 sig
注视持续时间 2.798 4 445 0.026
注视点数量 2.164 4 445 0.072
注视频率 7.564 4 445 0.064
表 1  注视数据方差齐性检验
数据类型 范围 df Sm F P
注视点数量 组间 4 3.103 0.949 0.435
注视点数量 组内 445 3.271 ? ?
注视点数量 总计 449 ? ? ?
注视频率 组间 4 67.158 45.951 0.002
注视频率 组内 445 1.461 ? ?
注视频率 总计 449 ? ? ?
表 2  注视数据单因素ANOVA
图 8  95%置信区间注视频率平均值
图 9  标记兴趣区域范围
数据类型 Levene df1 df2 sig
AOI内注视点数量 7.564 4 445 0.000
AOI内注视点百分比 4.730 4 445 0.091
AOI内注视时间 58.176 4 445 0.002
AOI内注视时间百分比 13.607 4 445 0.068
AOI内注视点平均持续时间 5.660 4 445 0.000
表 3  AOI内数据方差齐性检验
数据类型 范围 df Sm F P
AOI内注视点
百分比 		组间 4 15 647.785 75.828 0.007
组内 445 206.359 ? ?
总计 449 ? ? ?
AOI内注视时间
百分比 		组间 4 19 988.548 83.740 0.002
组内 445 238.697 ? ?
总计 449 ? ? ?
表 4  AOI内数据单因素ANOVA
图 10  95%置信区间AOI内注视点百分比平均值
图 11  95%置信区间AOI内注视时间百分比平均值
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