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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (3): 623-630    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.03.024
能源工程     
添加剂对高碱煤灰渣流动特性及钠捕获效率的影响
周陈颖(),周昊*(),邢裕健,张佳凯,周明熙
浙江大学 能源清洁利用国家重点实验室，浙江 杭州，310027
Effect of additives on flow characteristics and sodium capture efficiency of high alkali coal ash slag
Chen-ying ZHOU(),Hao ZHOU*(),Yu-jian XING,Jia-kai ZHANG,Ming-xi ZHOU
State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要：

为了给液态排渣锅炉安全燃烧准东高碱煤提供理论依据，在水平管式炉上利用刚玉斜坡对添加不同质量分数 SiO2、CaO、Fe2O3和MgO的准东煤灰渣在空气气氛下的流动性能进行研究. 利用XRF技术对煤灰渣的钠质量分数进行分析，并通过钠捕获效率来表征煤灰渣的固钠效果. 研究表明：SiO2和Fe2O3能够促进准东煤灰熔融.当SiO2的质量分数为10% 时，煤灰渣由结晶渣逐渐转变为玻璃体渣，流动性能大大提高；而CaO和MgO则会抑制煤灰熔融，导致流动性能降低. 随着SiO2添加比例的增加，灰渣对钠的捕获效率逐渐升高，当SiO2的质量分数达10%时，钠捕获效率由原先的23%上升至30%；而随着Fe2O3添加比例的增加，钠捕获效率缓慢降低. 因此，当SiO2的质量分数为10%时即可有效改善煤灰渣的流动性能，又能提高钠的捕获效率.
关键词： 准东高碱煤;  高温灰渣;  添加剂;  流动特性;  钠捕获效率    
Abstract:

The flow characteristics of Zhundong coal ash slag with different mass percentages of SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3 and MgO in air atmosphere were investigated by using corundum slope in the horizontal tube furnace, in order to provide theoretical basis for the safe combustion of Zhundong high alkali coal in Slag-tap Boiler. The sodium content of coal ash slag was analyzed by XRF technology, and the sodium capture efficiency was used to characterize the sodium fixation effect of coal ash slag. Results show that SiO2 and Fe2O3 can promote the melting of Zhundong coal ash. When the mass fraction of SiO2 was 10%, the type of coal ash slag gradually changed from crystalline slag to vitreous slag, thus greatly improving the slag flow performance. Conversely, CaO and MgO can inhibit the melting of coal ash, resulting in degradation of flow properties. With the increase of SiO2 addition ratio, the sodium capture efficiency of slag increased gradually. When the addition ratio reached 10%, the sodium capture efficiency increased from 23% to 30%. On the contrary, the sodium capture efficiency decreased slowly with the increase of Fe2O3 addition ratio. Therefore, adding 10% SiO2 can effectively improve the fluidity of coal ash slag and the efficiency of sodium capture.
Key words: Zhundong high alkali coal    high temperature slag    additives    fluidity    sodium capture efficiency
收稿日期: 2018-10-12 出版日期: 2020-03-05
CLC:  TK 16  
基金资助: 国家“973”重点基础研究发展规划资助项目（2015CB251501）
通讯作者: 周昊     E-mail: 18958088131@126.com;zhouhao@cmee.zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 周陈颖（1993—），女，硕士生，从事高碱煤液态排渣炉内碱金属吸收研究. orcid.org/0000-0000-0000-0000. E-mail： 18958088131@126.com
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引用本文:

周陈颖,周昊,邢裕健,张佳凯,周明熙. 添加剂对高碱煤灰渣流动特性及钠捕获效率的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(3): 623-630.

Chen-ying ZHOU,Hao ZHOU,Yu-jian XING,Jia-kai ZHANG,Ming-xi ZHOU. Effect of additives on flow characteristics and sodium capture efficiency of high alkali coal ash slag. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(3): 623-630.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.03.024    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I3/623

类别 名称 测试数据
工业分析(%) Mad 15.6
Vd 32.79
Ad 12.3
FCd 54.91
元素分析(%) C 64.07
H 3.58
N 0.65
S 0.18
O 19.22
灰熔点(°C) DT 1 174
ST 1 258
HT 1 263
FT 1 267
表 1  准东煤的工业分析、元素分析和灰熔点
%
序号 名称 数据 序号 名称 数据
1 Na2O 7.60 7 Cl 10.72
2 MgO 2.90 8 K2O 0.33
3 Al2O3 14.50 9 CaO 27.46
4 SiO2 27.43 10 TiO2 0.87
5 P2O5 0.03 11 MnO 0.07
6 SO3 3.82 12 Fe2O3 4.26
表 2  准东煤灰的化学组成
图 1  煤灰渣流动性实验装置示意图
图 2  煤灰渣流动性实验斜坡示意图
图 3  添加不同质量分数SiO2的准东煤灰渣流动特性图
图 4  添加不同质量分数Fe2O3的准东煤灰渣流动特性图
图 5  添加不同质量分数MgO的准东煤灰渣流动特性图
图 6  添加不同质量分数CaO的准东煤灰渣流动特性图
°C
样品 θD θS θH θF
纯煤灰 1 174 1 258 1 263 1 267
w (SiO2)=5% 1 170 1 179 1 185 1 196
w (SiO2)=10% 1 165 1 176 1 180 1 182
w (SiO2)=20% 1 164 1 169 1 173 1 178
w (Fe2O3)=5% 1 167 1 193 1 205 1 222
w (Fe2O3)=10% 1 154 1 186 1 198 1 211
w (Fe2O3)=20% 1 146 1 170 1 175 1 178
表 3  不同添加剂下准东煤灰样的灰熔点测试
图 7  纯准东煤灰的黏温曲线
图 8  SiO2质量分数为10%时的煤灰黏温曲线
图 9  w (Fe2O3)=10%时的煤灰黏温曲线
图 10  添加不同质量分数SiO2的准东煤灰渣
图 11  添加不同质量分数Fe2O3的准东煤灰渣
%
灰渣成分 纯煤灰 w (SiO2) w (Fe2O3)
5% 10% 5% 10%
Na2O 1.88 2.20 2.27 1.68 1.59
MgO 2.64 2.49 2.34 2.39 2.30
Al2O3 18.06 16.75 15.19 16.77 16.09
SiO2 37.90 42.71 44.15 34.32 33.28
P2O5 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04
SO3 0.63 0.78 0.76 0.41 0.31
Cl 0.65 1.02 1.09 0.43 0.30
K2O 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.04 0.03
CaO 24.72 24.08 22.70 22.89 22.69
TiO2 0.85 0.85 0.77 0.80 0.78
Fe2O3 11.07 8.72 8.29 17.13 21.74
表 4  含有不同添加剂的灰渣的XRF分析
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