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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (3): 589-596    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.03.020
航空航天技术     
基于北斗B3频点的低轨卫星实时定轨性能评估
余鑫(),金小军*(),莫仕明,张伟,徐兆斌,金仲和
浙江大学 微小卫星研究中心，浙江 杭州 310027
Performance assessment of BeiDou B3-based real-time orbit determination for LEO satellites
Xin YU(),Xiao-jun JIN*(),Shi-ming MO,Wei ZHANG,Zhao-bin XU,Zhong-he JIN
Micro-satellite Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要：

基于自主研制的搭载于浙江大学皮星三号（ZDPS-3）任务的星载GPS/北斗双模接收机，在北斗B3频点上开展低轨卫星实时定轨仿真试验，对基于北斗（特别是B3频点）的实时定轨性能进行评估. 结果表明：B3频点的测距伪码码速率高，其抗噪声性能优于B1频点，有利于提升北斗导航系统下的低轨卫星定轨精度. 在建立观测模型和定轨算法模型并检验接收机实测数据质量的基础上，利用导航信号模拟器建立半物理仿真实验平台. 实验结果表明，在仅使用北斗二号14颗导航卫星的条件下，利用B3频点能获得明显优于B1频点的实时定轨精度，并且与基于处于完全运行状态的GPS的定轨精度相当.
关键词： 星载GNSS接收机;  北斗B3频点;  低轨卫星实时定轨;  半物理仿真;  皮纳卫星    
Abstract:

Real-time orbit determination simulations were conducted using the space-borne GPS/BDS (BeiDou navigation satellite system) receiver developed for the ZDPS-3 mission. The orbit determination performance based on BDS, especially the B3 frequency, was evaluated. As results, with the higher chip rate, the anti-noise performance of pseudo-noise code of B3 was obviously better than that of B1, which can be utilized to achieve a better orbit determination accuracy. Based on the establishment of the observation model and the orbit determination algorithm model, a hardware-in-loop simulation experimental platform was established after the quality of the receiver’s field observation data was evaluated. The simulation results show that, under the same conditions, the real-time orbit determination accuracy of the B3 frequency is better than that of B1, and comparable to that of GPS in full operation.
Key words: space-borne GNSS receiver    BeiDou B3 frequency    real-time orbit determination    hardware-in-loop simulation    pico-satellite
收稿日期: 2019-01-28 出版日期: 2020-03-05
CLC:  P 228  
基金资助: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2018QNA4053）；装备预研教育部联合基金资助项目（6141A02033310）；国家杰出青年基金资助项目（61525403）
通讯作者: 金小军     E-mail: 21724023@zju.edu.cn;axemaster@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 余鑫（1995—），男，硕士生，从事星载GPS/BDS定轨技术研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-6991-6549. E-mail： 21724023@zju.edu.cn
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余鑫
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引用本文:

余鑫,金小军,莫仕明,张伟,徐兆斌,金仲和. 基于北斗B3频点的低轨卫星实时定轨性能评估[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(3): 589-596.

Xin YU,Xiao-jun JIN,Shi-ming MO,Wei ZHANG,Zhao-bin XU,Zhong-he JIN. Performance assessment of BeiDou B3-based real-time orbit determination for LEO satellites. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(3): 589-596.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.03.020    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I3/589

图 1  搭载于ZDPS-3的星载GNSS接收机样机实物图及原理框图
信号 f/MHz fc/ Mcps 信号 f/MHz fc/ Mcps
B1I 1561.098 2.046 L1 C/A 1575.42 1.023
B3I 1268.52 10.23 L2C 1227.60 1.023
表 1  ZDPS-3接收机支持的频点
图 2  BDS伪距双差观测值
图 3  GPS伪距双差观测值
参数 设置值 参数 设置值
$a$ 6 907 395.5 m $\varOmega $ 115.5611°
$e$ 0.001163 $\omega $ 128.1038°
$i$ 97.4304° $M$ 76.7532°
表 2  低轨卫星轨道根数
图 4  半物理仿真实验平台
图 5  星载GPS/BDS定轨仿真实验流程图
双频伪距组合 RMS/m
X轴 Y轴 Z轴 三轴
BDS 1.88 10.04 3.88 10.92
GPS 3.49 7.45 3.79 9.06
表 3  位置误差均方差统计表
图 6  双频伪距组合实时定轨结果
图 7  GDOP统计
双频伪距组合 RMS/m
X轴 Y轴 Z轴 三轴
B1 0.72 3.77 1.45 4.10
B3 0.83 2.47 0.99 2.79
表 4  BDS位置误差均方差统计表
双频伪距组合 RMS/m
X轴 Y轴 Z轴 三轴
L1 1.21 1.33 1.72 2.49
L2 1.34 1.47 1.73 2.64
表 5  GPS位置误差均方差统计表
图 8  BDS GRAPHIC组合实时定轨结果
图 9  GPS GRAPHIC组合实时定轨结果
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