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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (1): 143-151    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.01.017
计算机技术、信息工程     
云服务模式下设计方案的优选决策方法
樊佳爽(),余隋怀,初建杰*(),王卉,陈晨,寸文哲,陈甜,郭家言
西北工业大学 陕西省工业设计工程实验室，陕西 西安 710072
Optimal decision-making method of design scheme in cloud service mode
Jia-shuang FAN(),Sui-huai YU,Jian-jie CHU*(),Hui WANG,Chen CHEN,Wen-zhe CUN,Tian CHEN,Jia-yan GUO
Shanxi Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Design, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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摘要：

针对云服务模式下设计方案在多目标优选决策过程中未能充分考虑到用户多元化和差异性的需求问题，提出结合质量功能配置和粗糙集理论的设计方案优选决策方法. 该方法在分析云服务模式的基础上，引入用户参与的设计决策过程方式和模糊评价机制，对用户需求进行聚类分析和智能转化. 建立面向用户需求的设计方案评价指标体系，对网络化协同设计过程中的设计方案评价指标的重要度进行准确量化. 遵循科学性与系统性相结合的原则，提出云服务模式下设计方案优选决策三阶模型. 结合粗糙集理论和粗糙逼近理想解法，对该模型进行求解. 以云服务平台上的游艇设计方案为例，验证该方法的有效性和可行性.
关键词： 云服务模式;  设计方案;  多目标优选决策;  质量功能配置(QFD);  粗糙集理论    
Abstract:

A method of design scheme optimization decision-making based on quality function configuration and rough set theory was proposed aiming at the problem that the diversity and difference of users are not fully considered in the multi-objective optimization decision-making process of design scheme under cloud service mode. The design decision-making process mode and fuzzy evaluation mechanism participated by users were introduced based on the analysis of cloud service mode in order to meet the needs of users cluster analysis and intelligent transformation. The evaluation index system of design scheme for user needs was established to quantify the importance of evaluation index of design scheme in the process of networked collaborative design. The third-order model of design scheme optimization decision under cloud service mode was proposed according to the principle of combining science and system. The model was solved combined with rough set theory and rough approximation ideal solution. The validity and feasibility of the method were verified by taking yacht design scheme on cloud service platform as an example.
Key words: cloud service mode    design scheme    multi-objective optimization decision    quality function development (QFD)    rough set theory
收稿日期: 2018-11-27 出版日期: 2020-01-05
CLC:  TP 391  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFB1104205）；高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目（B13044）
通讯作者: 初建杰     E-mail: 1450630672@qq.com;cjj@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介: 樊佳爽（1989—），女，博士生，从事计算机辅助工业设计、云服务评价的研究. orcid.org/0000-0001-7044-8079.E-mail： 1450630672@qq.com
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樊佳爽
余隋怀
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王卉
陈晨
寸文哲
陈甜
郭家言

引用本文:

樊佳爽,余隋怀,初建杰,王卉,陈晨,寸文哲,陈甜,郭家言. 云服务模式下设计方案的优选决策方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(1): 143-151.

Jia-shuang FAN,Sui-huai YU,Jian-jie CHU,Hui WANG,Chen CHEN,Wen-zhe CUN,Tian CHEN,Jia-yan GUO. Optimal decision-making method of design scheme in cloud service mode. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(1): 143-151.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.01.017    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I1/143

图 1  设计方案的优选决策流程
图 2  用户需求转换质量屋
一级 二级 需求
美观性需求R1 美学性R11 色彩搭配合理，科技与艺术结合
时代性R12 造型美观大方，具有时代精神意义
协调性R13 协调的比例和尺度、完美的造型
创新性需求R2 先导性R21 设计理念独特新颖
附加值R22 提高产品附加值和品牌价值
个性化R23 独具一格，个性化定制
功能性需求R3 可靠性R31 材料运用合理，品质精良
实用性R32 功能合理，满足用户多方面的要求
技术性R33 性能稳定，技术先进，提高产品竞争力
表 1  游艇设计任务的用户需求信息
一级需求 一级需求重要程度 二级需求 二级需求重要程度
美观性需求R1 0.150 6 美学性R11 0.678 5
美观性需求R1 0.150 6 时代性R12 0.417 1
美观性需求R1 0.150 6 协调性R13 0.578 1
创新性需求R2 0.916 1 先导性R21 0.436 4
创新性需求R2 0.916 1 附加值R22 0.617 2
创新性需求R2 0.916 1 个性化R23 0.218 2
功能性需求R3 0.371 5 可靠性R31 0.669 1
功能性需求R3 0.371 5 实用性R32 0.206 4
功能性需求R3 0.371 5 技术性R33 0.523 1
表 2  游艇设计的用户需求重要程度
图 4  游艇设计方案评价指标体系
一级需求 二级需求 美观性指标I1 创新性指标I2 功能性指标I3
美学性I11 时代性I12 先导性I21 个性化I22 可靠性I31 技术性I32
R1 R11 1 0.675 2 0.528 8 0.628 8 0.716 3 0.716 3
R1 R12 0.756 5 1 0.116 9 0.116 9 0.116 9 0.083 1
R1 R13 0.804 7 0.704 7 0.117 4 0.117 4 0.068 8 0.068 8
R2 R21 0.302 2 0.365 2 1 0.567 5 0.547 6 0.547 6
R2 R22 0.217 5 0.217 5 0.701 1 0.760 2 0.134 6 0.134 6
R2 R23 0.355 6 0.201 6 0.695 8 1 0.064 8 0.064 8
R3 R31 0.454 8 0.451 2 0.514 9 0.614 9 1 0.760 8
R3 R32 0.267 6 0.267 6 0.318 5 0.218 5 0.601 2 0.701 2
R3 R33 0.395 4 0.295 4 0.444 2 0.344 2 0.844 2 1
表 3  游艇方案的用户需求与评价指标的关系矩阵
图 3  游艇设计方案需求转换
图 5  游艇设计方案优选评价指标权重
评价指标 二级指标 设计方案
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
I1 I11 [0.072,0.085] [0.078,0.096] [0.051,0.069] [0.036,0.053] [0.072,0.107] [0.017,0.021]
I1 I12 [0.011,0.013] [0.007,0.010] [0.003,0.006] [0.021,0.025] [0.045,0.067] [0.014,0.016]
I2 I21 [0.061,0.070] [0.046,0.058] [0.026,0.039] [0.006,0.008] [0.015,0.022] [0.004,0.005]
I2 I22 [0.004,0.005] [0.004,0.005] [0.006,0.009] [0.002,0.002] [0.004,0.005] [0.005,0.008]
I3 I31 [0.016,0.021] [0.013,0.017] [0.031,0.042] [0.011,0.015] [0.025,0.034] [0.011,0.013]
I3 I32 [0.008,0.011] [0.012,0.021] [0.003,0.004] [0.005,0.006] [0.008,0.013] [0.006,0.008]
表 4  游艇设计方案粗糙标准化评价矩阵
评价指标 二级指标 正理想解 负理想解
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
I1 I11 0.028 0.037 0.013 0.058 0.058 0.005 0.018 0.013 0.037 0.025 0.025 0.069
I1 I12 0.008 0.005 0.002 0.014 0.035 0.002 0.001 0.005 0.008 0.031 0.015 0.043
I2 I21 0.039 0.026 0.009 0.006 0.012 0.001 0.006 0.019 0.037 0.010 0.005 0.014
I2 I22 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.000 0.003 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.006 0.004 0.002
I3 I31 0.006 0.002 0.024 0.003 0.019 0.001 0.024 0.027 0.008 0.021 0.007 0.022
I3 I32 0.007 0.014 0.000 0.001 0.007 0.003 0.011 0.006 0.017 0.008 0.004 0.006
表 5  游艇设计方案的正、负理想解
设计方案 正理想解 负理想解 贴近度
S1 0.333 0.302 0.525
S2 0.355 0.306 0.537
S3 0.240 0.402 0.374
S4 0.328 0.308 0.539
S5 0.337 0.305 0.526
S6 0.413 0.202 0.309
表 6  游艇设计方案的贴近度
图 6  游艇设计优选方案（S4）
图 7  游艇设计方案评价
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