Please wait a minute...
浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)
土木与交通工程     
乘客载重量对柴油公交车尾气排放影响分析
于谦, 李铁柱, 任彦铭
东南大学 交通学院,江苏南京 210096
Influence of passenger load on diesel bus emission
YU Qian, LI Tie zhu, REN Yan ming
School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
 全文: PDF(4371 KB)   HTML
摘要：

基于车载尾气排放测试系统(PEMS)数据,分析柴油公交车在实际运行状态下,载重量变化对排放的影响.探究忽略乘客载重量变化是否会影响比功率(VSP)计算及进行分组.乘客数量可由车载排放测试实验记录得出,根据年龄及性别将公交车乘客分为6组.乘客载重量可以由每组乘客载重量计算系数估算相加得出.研究结果表明,在不同的速度及加速度区间,乘客载重量变化对CO2、CO、NOx、HC 4种排放物的瞬时排放率会产生不同程度的影响.对基于距离的排放因子而言,在平均速度较高的行驶区间内,乘客载重量的变化不影响4种污染物排放因子；随着乘客载重量的增加,人均排放因子逐渐减小.在低速及中速排放估算模拟中可以适当忽略公交车载重量变化对排放带来的影响,但在高速的排放估算模拟中,忽略载重量的变化会带来很大的误差,就实验测试车辆而言,计算误差最大可以达到49%.
Abstract:

The influence of passenger load on diesel bus emission was analyzed based on the realworld emission data collected by the portable emission measurement system (PEMS).Whether passenger load affected the accuracy of emission models based on vehicle specific power (VSP) was analyzed. The number of passengers getting on and off the bus was recorded so that the real-time ridership data was obtained. The passengers were divided into six groups according to the age and gender. Then the passengers load was calculated with -oefficient in each group. Results show that the influence of passenger load on emission rates of CO2, CO, NOx and HC is various with different speed and acceleration bins. As for the distance-based emission factors, the influence of passenger load isn’t obvious when the bus is driving at a relative high speed. Per-passenger emission factors decrease with the rise of passenger load. The influence of passenger load can be omitted properly in the emission models of low and medium speed bins. The passenger load cannot be omitted in the models for high speed and high VSP bins. Otherwise, that can lead to an error reaching up to 49% when the influence of passenger load is neglected in the models of high speed bins.
出版日期: 2016-10-28
:  U 491  
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51008155）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（CXLX12_0114）；国家留学基金管理委员会建设高水平大学公派研究生资助项目.
通讯作者: 李铁柱,男,教授,博导. ORCID: 0000-0002-2232-3607.     E-mail: litiezhu@seu.edu.cn
作者简介: 于谦（1988—）,女,博士生,从事交通运输系统环境污染与能源消耗的研究. ORCID: 0000-0003-0863-852X. E-mail: yuqian@seu.edu.cn
服务　　
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章　　

引用本文:

于谦, 李铁柱, 任彦铭. 乘客载重量对柴油公交车尾气排放影响分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2016.10.023.

YU Qian, LI Tie zhu, REN Yan ming. Influence of passenger load on diesel bus emission. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY (ENGINEERING SCIENCE), 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2016.10.023.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2016.10.023    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2016/V50/I10/2009

［1］ JIMENEZ J L.Understanding and quantifying motor vehicle emissions with vehicle specific power and TILDAS remote sensing ［D］. Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999.
［2］ ZHAI H, FREY H C, ROUPHAIL N M. A vehiclespecific power approach to speedand facilityspecificemissions estimates for diesel transit buses ［J］. Environmental Science and Technology, 2008, 42(21):7985-7991.
［3］ 王海鲲.基于车速和比功率(VSP)的轻型车油耗与排放模拟研究［D］.北京：清华大学,2009.
WANG Haikun. Study of fuel consumption and emission model of lightduty vehicle based on speed and VSP ［D］. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2009.
［4］ SONG G H, YU L, TU Z. Distribution characteristics of vehiclespecific power on urban restrictedaccess roadways ［J］. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2012, 138(2): 202-209.
［5］ WY Y Z, SONG G H, YU L. Sensitive analysis ofemission rates in MOVES for developing sitespecificemission database ［J］. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2014, 32: 193-206.
［6］ SONG G H, YU L. Estimation of fuel efficiency of road traffic by a characterization of VSP and speed based on FCD ［J］. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2009(2139): 11-20.
［7］ 张毅.基于VSP的城市主干路机动车尾气排放研究［D］.吉林：吉林大学,2006.
ZHANG Yi. Study of vehicle emissions at arterial roads in urban area based on VSP ［D］. Jilin: Jilin University, 2006.
［8］ FREY H C, ROUPHAIL N M, ZHAI H, et al. Comparing realworld fuel consumption for dieseland hydrogenfueled transit buses and implication for emissions ［J］. Transportation Research Part D: Transport andEnvironment, 2007, 12(4): 281-291.
［9］ WANG H K, FU L X, ZHOU Y, et al. Modeling of the fuel consumption for passenger cars regarding driving characteristics ［J］. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2008, 13(7): 479-482.
［10］ WU Y Z, YU L, SONG G H, et al. Feasibility study of fuel consumption prediction model by integratingvehiclespecific power and controller area network bus technology ［J］. Journal of Transportation Research Board, 2013, 2341: 66-75.
［11］ FREY H C, ROUPHAIL N M, ZHAI H. Linkbased emission factors for heavyduty diesel trucks based on real-world data. ［J］. Journal of Transportation Research Board, 2008, 2058: 23-32.
［12］ FREY H C, ZHANG K, ROUPHAIL N M. Fuel use and emissions comparisons for alternative routes, time of day, road grade, and vehicles based on inuse measurements ［J］. Environmental Science Technology, 2008, 42(7): 2483-2489.
［13］ ZHANG S, WU Y, LIU H, et al. Realworld fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of urban public buses in Beijing ［J］. Applied Energy, 2014, 113: 1645-1655.
［14］ ALAM A, HATZOPOULOU M. Investigating theisolated and combined effects of congestion, roadway grade, passenger load, and alternative fuels on transit bus emissions ［J］. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2014, 29: 1221.
［15］ 标准体重对照表［EB/OL］.\[2014-07-10\]. http:∥baike.baidu.com/view/93890.htm.
Table of standard body weight ［EB/OL］. \[2014-07-10\]. http:∥baike.baidu.com/view/93890.htm.
［16］ 郝艳召,于雷,宋国华,等.基于比功率的北京市柴油公交车行驶和排放特征研究［J］.汽车工程,2010,32 (2)：103-109.
HAO Yanshao, YU Lei, SONG Guohua, et al. Study of driving and emission characteristics of buses in Beijing based on VSP ［J］. Automobile Engineering, 2010, 32(2): 103-109.
［17］ 余志生.汽车理论［M］.北京:机械工业出版社,2009.
［18］ RAKHA H, LUCIC I, DEMARCHI S H, et al. Vehicle dynamics model for predicting maximum truck acceleration levels ［J］. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2001,127 (5): 418-425.
[1] 倪玲霖, 张帅超, 陈喜群. 基于手机信号令数据的居民出行空间效应[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2017, 51(5): 887-895.
[2] 曲昭伟, 曹宁博, 陈永恒, 白乔文, 康萌, 陈明涛. 信号交叉口的行人信号提前建模[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2017, 51(3): 538-544.
[3] 王韩麒, 陈红, 冯微, 刘玮蔚. 基于CPT的异质通勤者多维出行决策模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2017, 51(2): 297-303.
[4] 王福建, 龚成宇, 马东方, 郭伟伟, 王殿海. 采用交通出行量数据的多点联动瓶颈控制方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2017, 51(2): 273-278.
[5] 付凤杰,龚越,王殿海,马东方. 基于高清智能卡口路段行程时间的数据质量分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(9): 1761-1767.
[6] 王力,张立立,潘科,李正熙. 基于状态可控性分析的交叉口信号切换控制[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(7): 1266-1275.
[7] 李明达,隗海林,门玉琢,包翠竹. 基于实际换挡规律的卡车列队行驶起步控制[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(5): 887-892.
[8] 楼齐峰, 马晓龙, 叶盈, 梅振宇. 基于出行成本的停车收费和供给政策影响分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(2): 257-264.
[9] 王卫东,李俊杰,王京,傅庆湘,康文泓. 基于未确知测度的公路交通效率评价[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(1): 48-54.
[10] 李清,胡志华. 基于多目标遗传算法的灾后可靠路径选择[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(1): 33-40.
[11] 莫元富, 于德新, 宋军, 郭亚娟. 基于信道负载阈值的车联网信标消息生成策略[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2016, 50(1): 21-26.
[12] 周旦, 马晓龙, 金盛, 王殿海. 混合非机动车交通流超车次率影响因素模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2015, 49(9): 1672-1678.
[13] 马明辉,杨庆芳,梁士栋,邢茹茹. 高速公路主线瓶颈区域的协调控制模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2015, 49(9): 1700-1706.
[14] 王福建, 戴美伟, 孙凌涛, 金盛. 基于多类跟驰行为的车头时距混合分布模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2015, 49(7): 1288-1294.
[15] 赵伟明, 王殿海, 朱文韬, 戴美伟. 基于改进NJW算法的交通控制时段划分[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2014, 48(12): 2259-2265.