再生稻田拟环纹豹蛛与青翅蚁形隐翅甲间的集团内捕食及其影响因素

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.07.041

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2022, Vol. 48

Issue (6): 807-822 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.07.041

研究论文

再生稻田拟环纹豹蛛与青翅蚁形隐翅甲间的集团内捕食及其影响因素

孙佳琦¹(

),王晨¹(

),王光华²,任应党²,祝增荣³,白耀宇¹(

)

^1.西南大学植物保护学院，重庆 400715
^2.河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所，郑州 450002
^3.浙江大学农业与生物技术学院昆虫科学研究所，农业农村部作物病虫分子生物学重点实验室，杭州 310058

Intraguild predation between Pardosa pseudoannulata and Paederus fuscipes in ratoon rice fields and its influencing factors

Jiaqi SUN¹(

),Chen WANG¹(

),Guanghua WANG²,Yingdang REN²,Zengrong ZHU³,Yaoyu BAI¹(

)

^1.College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
^2.Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
^3.Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

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摘要：

重要广食性天敌间的集团内捕食（intraguild predation, IGP）水平关乎着农田系统其种群的发生和“绿色防控”策略的成效。本研究以再生稻田主要捕食者拟环纹豹蛛（Pardosa pseudoannulata）和青翅蚁形隐翅甲（Paederus fuscipes）为试验对象，首次建立和优化了实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, qPCR）探针法检测系统，利用该系统分析了再生稻田中这2种天敌间的IGP水平，并在室内条件下剖析了该IGP及其生物和非生物影响因素。结果表明：针对这2种天敌靶基因设计的引物和探针特异性强，建立和优化的qPCR探针法系统对靶基因的扩增重复性好且灵敏度高。通过该系统对再生稻田2种天敌1 527头个体的检测及室内IGP试验发现，这2种天敌间存在着普遍且较强的双向IGP作用，其中，捕食者和猎物角色的转化以及环境温度对该IGP水平的影响均与它们之间相对体型大小（发育阶段）密切相关；集团外猎物和非生物因素及其结合能不同程度地影响IGP水平。这些研究结果丰富了稻田系统捕食者间的IGP理论体系，为深入研究稻田捕食性天敌间IGP奠定了坚实的基础。

关键词： 捕食性天敌; 集团内猎物DNA检出率; 实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应; 天台刺齿跳虫; 环境温度; 集团内捕食水平

Abstract:

The intraguild predation (IGP) level among the main generalist natural enemies is related to their population occurrence and the effectiveness of “green control” strategies for insect pests in agroecosystem. In this study, the detection systems of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) probe were first established and then optimized for analyzing the DNA of Pardosa pseudoannulata and Paederus fuscipes in ratoon rice fields. Then the detection systems were used to analyze the IGP levels between the two predators in ratoon rice fields. On this basis, the IGP and their biological and abiotic factors affecting the IGP level were studied under indoor conditions. The results showed that the primers and probes designed for the two predators had strong specificity. The established and optimized qPCR detection systems had good amplification repeatability and high sensitivity for the target genes of the two predators. After the system was used to detect 1 527 individuals of the two predators from ratoon rice fields and the indoor IGP tests, it was found that there was a ubiquitous and strong bidirectional IGP between the two predators in the rice field. The role transformation of intraguild predator or prey in the IGP and the influence of ambient temperature on the IGP level were closely related to their relative body sizes (developmental stages). The IGP level can be affected through extraguild preys and abiotic factors and their combination to various extents. These results enrich the IGP theory among arthropod predators in the rice ecosystem, and lay good foundations for further IGP study of natural enemies.

Key words: predatory natural enemy DNA detection rate of intraguild prey quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction Homidia tiantaiensis ambient temperature intraguild predation level

收稿日期: 2022-07-04 出版日期: 2022-12-25

CLC:

S 476.2

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(31772161);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1401105)

通讯作者: 白耀宇 E-mail: sjq031015@163.com;w05240813@163.com;yybai711@163.com

作者简介: 孙佳琦（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0294-0122），E-mail：sjq031015@163.com|王晨（https://orcid.org/0000-0002?4109?0191），E-mail：w05240813@163.com

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引用本文:

孙佳琦,王晨,王光华,任应党,祝增荣,白耀宇. 再生稻田拟环纹豹蛛与青翅蚁形隐翅甲间的集团内捕食及其影响因素[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2022, 48(6): 807-822.

Jiaqi SUN,Chen WANG,Guanghua WANG,Yingdang REN,Zengrong ZHU,Yaoyu BAI. Intraguild predation between Pardosa pseudoannulata and Paederus fuscipes in ratoon rice fields and its influencing factors. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2022, 48(6): 807-822.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.07.041 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2022/V48/I6/807

图1 稻秆放置示意图

物种 Species	基因 Gene	引物与探针序列（5 $′$ →3 $′$ ） Primer and probe sequences (5 $′$ →3 $′$ )	扩增序列长度 Amplified sequence length/bp	GenBank登录号 GenBank accession No.
拟环纹豹蛛 Pp	COⅠ	F: CTTTTCTATTGATATTCCAGTCACC	153	MZ149257、 MZ149265
		R: CCACCGTTAGCGTCTACRG
		Probe: Texas Red-CCCCAGCCAAATGAAGAGAAAA-BHQ2
青翅蚁形隐翅甲 Pf	ITS	F: GGCGAAAGTAATCTGTTC	139	MZ172410
		R: CGTTCAGGGTAATCTTTTAG
		Probe: FAM-AGGTCCTCCGCTTACATCGC-MGB

表1 qPCR检测体系的引物与探针信息

图2 青翅蚁形隐翅甲和拟环纹豹蛛qPCR检测体系的扩增曲线

表2 针对2种捕食者建立和优化后的qPCR检测体系的扩增重复性分析

表3 用于IGP中集团内猎物DNA检测的捕食者体长分析 (mm)

图3 拟环纹豹蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲间IGP中的集团内猎物DNA检出率A. 隐翅甲成虫捕食豹蛛；B. 豹蛛中龄幼蛛捕食隐翅甲；C. 豹蛛亚成蛛/成蛛捕食隐翅甲。图4同。**表示DNA检出率在P＜0.01水平差异有高度统计学意义（卡方检验）。

表4 拟环纹豹蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲肠道内集团内猎物DNA拷贝数

图4 拟环纹豹蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲间IGP中的集团内猎物DNA检出率与环境温度变化的相关性

图5 拟环纹豹蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲间IGP中温度对集团内猎物DNA检出率的影响在拟合方程中，D代表集团内猎物DNA检出率，T代表环境温度。

图6 22 ℃下培养皿共存系统中饥饿（A）和未饥饿（B）拟环纹豹蛛成蛛与未饥饿青翅蚁形隐翅甲成虫间的IGP分析*表示相同试验时间2组间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义（Mann-Whitney U检验）。

图7 22 ℃下培养皿共存系统中饥饿（A1～A2 ）和未饥饿（B1～B2 ）青翅蚁形隐翅甲成虫与未饥饿拟环纹豹蛛低龄幼蛛间的IGP分析*和**分别表示相同试验时间2组间在P＜0.05和P＜0.01水平差异有统计学意义（Mann-Whitney U检验）

表5 22 ℃下培养皿共存系统中拟环纹豹蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲间的IGP分析

图8 各因素对拟环纹豹蛛低龄幼蛛和青翅蚁形隐翅甲成虫间IGP中集团内猎物存活率的影响

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