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浙江大学学报(理学版)  2024, Vol. 51 Issue (1): 109-119    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.01.012
旅游学     
“强省会”政策执行前后城市旅游视觉形象分异研究
查瑞波1(),林叶凡2()
1.福建师范大学 文化旅游与公共管理学院,福建 福州 350108
2.厦门大学 公共事务学院,福建 厦门 361000
Differentiation of tourism visual image of urban destinations before and after the policy of "Strong Provincial Capital" in China: Coding analysis based on Fuzhou OGC and TGC image data
Ruibo ZHA1(),Yefan LIN2()
1.School of Cultural Tourism and Public Administration,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,China
2.School of Public Affairs,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,Fujian Province,China
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摘要:

近年来,全国多地推行“强省会”政策,其在修正城市定位的同时也对城市形象产生影响。在Web 2.0时代,图像资料成为研究城市旅游形象的重要载体。以福建省省会福州市为案例,以“强省会”政策的执行时间为切割点,通过互联网分别收集政策执行前后官方生成内容(occupationally-generated content,OGC)和旅游者生成内容(tourist-generated content,TGC)),借助Nvivo软件对照片内容进行编码,比较“强省会”政策执行前后旅游营销组织与旅游者构造的城市旅游形象差异,探究“强省会”政策对OGC和TGC的影响。研究发现,在“强省会”政策执行前,OGC擅长用建筑特写、自然生态景观以及全景式城市和景区这3种类别塑造城市旅游形象,并形成以这3种类型为核心的三角形传播结构;TGC则青睐用自然生态景观、人物特写、动植物特写、建筑特写、道路特写5种类别表达旅游城市形象,形成以自然生态景观为中心,其他4种类别与之相连接的十字分散结构。在“强省会”政策执行后,OGC的传播方式没有发生太大变化,但更注重用艺术文化等类别展现福州市的文化底蕴,传播内容更加多元、传播结构更加稳固;TGC则更倾向于在传达城市旅游形象过程中表现“人”的主体作用,将人物特写渗透至其他类别。此外,研究还发现,OGC对TGC有一定影响;“强省会”政策为OGC带来了更加清晰的目标导向,为TGC增加了旅游者作为“人”的主体意识。

关键词: “强省会”政策城市目的地旅游视觉形象分异特征OGCTGC    
Abstract:

In recent years, many places in China have begun to implement the policy of "Strong Provincial Capitals", which not only modifies the positioning of cities, but also affects the image of cities.In the era of Web2.0, image data has become an important carrier for the study of urban tourism image.Taking Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian province, as a case, and taking the implementation time of the "Strong Provincial Capital" policy as the cut-off point, this study collected the official generated content OGC and tourist generated content TGC from the internet before and after the implementation of the strategy respectively, and coded them according to the photo content with the help of Nvivo software.It compared the differences between the official tourism marketing organizations and the urban tourism image constructed by tourists in the two stages to explore the impact of the "Strong Provincial Capital" policy on OGC and TGC.The findings are as follows: before the implementation of "Strong Provincial Capital" strategy, OGC is good at shaping city tourism image with three categories of "close-up of architecture", "natural ecological landscape" and "overview of city and spot", which forms a triangular communication structure with these three as the core. On the other hand, TGC prefers to use the five categories of "natural ecological landscape", "close-up of character", "close-up of animal and plant", "close-up of architecture" and "close-up of road " to express the image of tourist cities which forms a cross scattered structure with "natural ecological landscape" as the center and the other four connected to it. After the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the provincial capital, OGC's communication mode did not change much, but paid more attention to the use of "artistic culture" and other categories to show the cultural heritage of Fuzhou, and the communication content is more diversified, the communication structure is more stable, which TGC tends to show the main role of human in conveying the image of urban tourism, and penetrates the category of "close-up of character" into other categories. Besides, OGC has a certain effect on TGC; "Strong Provincial Capital" strategy brings OGC clearer goal orientation; the strategy of "Strong Provincial Capitals" increases tourists' subjective consciousness as "people".

Key words: "Strong Provincial Capital" policy    urban destination    tourism visual image    differentiation characteristics    OGC    TGC
收稿日期: 2022-12-12 出版日期: 2024-01-10
CLC:  F 592  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(42201267);福建省创新战略研究项目(2023R0031);福建省科协科技创新智库课题研究项目(FJKX-2022XKB005);国家留学基金项目(202108350051)
通讯作者: 林叶凡     E-mail: rbzha@finu.edu.cn;linyefan0216@163.com
作者简介: 查瑞波(1989—),ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8650-8339,男,博士,副教授,主要从事旅游地理与可持续发展研究,E-mail:rbzha@finu.edu.cn.
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引用本文:

查瑞波,林叶凡. “强省会”政策执行前后城市旅游视觉形象分异研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2024, 51(1): 109-119.

Ruibo ZHA,Yefan LIN. Differentiation of tourism visual image of urban destinations before and after the policy of "Strong Provincial Capital" in China: Coding analysis based on Fuzhou OGC and TGC image data. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2024, 51(1): 109-119.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.01.012        https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2024/V51/I1/109

树状节点

tree node

编码节点

code node

参考点

brief description

支持系统

support system

酒店及其服务、景区设施和服务、景区入口、商场及其服务重点是旅游服务体系和旅游基础设施,包含内部装饰及标识系统,包括酒店、景点、餐厅、购物中心

自然生态景观

natural ecological landscape

山景、水景、地形景观、气象景观及全景拍摄的海景、树林、竹林包括各种自然形成的、受人类活动影响不大的自然景观,其中,气象景观指的是天空、阳光和云彩,全景的海洋包括海水、沙滩和周围的山

建筑特写

close-up of architecture

古建筑、现代建筑、桥梁、寺庙、楼梯建筑是照片的重点,除民房外这种建筑未被归入本地人的日常生活,建筑特写、室内建筑的特写均属于此类

动植物特写

close-up of animal and plant

动物、植物动物和植物是重点,不包括大片的植被景观,大片植被景观通常被编入自然生态景观的范畴

人物特写

close-up of character

当地人或游客人物在照片中间或在照片的中心位置

全景式城市和景区

overview of city and spot

全景拍摄的风景、城市的夜景一个景点或一个城市及其周围的风景,主要是为了体现风景区、城市周围的和谐及其宏伟

食物特写

close-up of food

食物特写食品是主要焦点,也可能是其中一个

艺术文化

artistic culture

博物馆内的场景、展厅内的陈列、室内的场景、艺术品、小店、艺术墙包含美术馆艺术、当代艺术和街道艺术,既有大型的,也有单一的

道路特写

close-up of road

道路、马路、通道等通道成为重点或者重点之一,包括大道、小道、走廊

雕塑特写

close-up of sculpture

雕塑特写雕塑是重点或重点之一,与大型建筑不同

户外活动

outdoor activity

户外休闲活动包括野营、跳伞、垂钓等休闲娱乐项目和户外摄影

当地人生活

local livelihood

街巷以及民房等表现当地人生活的景观反映当地居民的生活方式和环境,以最真实的方式展现当地居民的生活状况,而大量的宗教与庆典场面归为非物质文化范畴

非物质文化

intangible culture

节庆典礼和关于信仰的活动表现与非物质文化相关的内容
表1  编码的树状节点及其参考点描述

树状节点

tree node

“强省会”政策执行前“强省会”政策执行后
OGC参考点数量/个

OGC各

节点占比/%

TGC参考点数量/个TGC各节点占比/%OGC参考点数量/个

OGC各

节点占比/%

TGC参考点数量/个TGC各节点占比/%

支持系统

support system

247.7493.342810.73216.91

自然生态景观

natural ecological landscape

12239.353914.867227.596824.47

建筑特写

close-up of architecture

7223.234016.895822.227024.47

动植物特写

close-up of animal and plant

51.623915.54103.83237.45

人物特写

close-up of character

123.873313.50207.663010.11

全景式城市和景区

overview of city and spot

5718.3962.70207.86123.70

食物特写

close-up of food

0031.3531.1551.60

艺术文化

artistic culture

10.3252.0351.92186.38

道路特写

close-up of road

123.873615.54207.56186.38

雕塑特写

close-up of sculpture

30.97125.41103.9330.53

户外活动

outdoor activity

10.3251.4083.57124.26

当地人生活

local livelihood

10.32124.7331.25113.19

非物质文化

intangible culture

0062.7041.5330.53
表2  “强省会”政策执行前后福州市OGC和TGC树状类别占比
图 1  “强省会”政策执行前后OGC和TGC词语云分布
图2  “强省会”政策执行前后OGC和TGC聚类分析组合模型
图3  “强省会”政策执行前后福州市乌塔和三坊七巷油纸伞OGC和TGC图
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