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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2019, Vol. 45 Issue (4): 512-518    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.11.263
农业工程     
小型农业机械柴油机排放测试循环研究
戴旭东1(),吴锋1(),姚栋伟1,郑高安2,吕成磊1
1. 浙江大学能源工程学院动力机械及车辆工程研究所，杭州 310027
2. 浙江省水利水电学院，杭州 310018
Research on emission test cycle of small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine
Xudong DAI1(),Feng WU1(),Dongwei YAO1,Gao’an ZHENG2,Chenglei Lü1
1. Power Machinery & Vehicular Engineering Institute, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China
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摘要：

针对国内现行实施的非道路移动机械用柴油机排放标准中规定的ISO 8178 C1八工况稳态排放测试循环在保有量巨大的小型农业机械柴油机上的适用性有待商榷的问题，设计了基于单片机的柴油机工况记录仪，并采集记录小型农业机械柴油机的实际运行工况信息，通过数据分析与提炼，提出适用于国内小型农业机械柴油机的六工况稳态排放测试循环，并进行台架试验验证。数据分析结果表明，国内小型农业机械柴油机典型运行工况与全球统一的ISO 8178 C1八工况存在明显差异；台架排放测试结果表明，小型农业机械柴油机在拟定六工况下污染物的综合排放水平与ISO 8178 C1八工况下污染物的综合排放水平差异明显，且在绝大部分情况下，六工况比八工况下的排放水平更加恶劣。该结果可为后续相关排放标准的制（修）订与小型农业机械柴油机排放污染控制技术研究提供一定的参考。
关键词： 农业机械;  柴油机;  排放控制;  测试循环    
Abstract:

The applicability of ISO 8178 C1 eight steady-state emission test cycle to small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engines with huge reserves remains to be discussed, so a diesel engine working condition recorder based on a single chip microcomputer was designed to collect and record the actual working condition information of small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engines. Through data analysis and extraction, a six-condition steady-state emission test cycle suitable for domestic small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine was proposed and verified by bench test. The results of data analysis showed that the typical working conditions of domestic small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine were quite different from those of the ISO 8178 C1 eight operating cycle. The results of bench emission test showed that the comprehensive emission level of pollutants of small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine under the six working conditions was obviously different from that under the ISO 8178 C1 eight working conditions, and in most cases, the emission level under the six working conditions was worse than that under the eight working conditions. The above results can provide some references for the formulation and revision of relevant emission standards and the research on emission control technology of small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine.
Key words: agricultural machine    diesel engine    emission control    test cycle
收稿日期: 2018-11-26 出版日期: 2019-09-17
CLC:  U 464.172  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0207905)
通讯作者: 吴锋     E-mail: daixudong@zju.edu.cn;wfice@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 戴旭东（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-1492），E-mail：daixudong@zju.edu.cn
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戴旭东
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引用本文:

戴旭东,吴锋,姚栋伟,郑高安,吕成磊. 小型农业机械柴油机排放测试循环研究[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2019, 45(4): 512-518.

Xudong DAI,Feng WU,Dongwei YAO,Gao’an ZHENG,Chenglei Lü. Research on emission test cycle of small-scale agricultural machinery diesel engine. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(4): 512-518.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.11.263    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2019/V45/I4/512

图1  工况记录仪硬件设计原理示意
图2  工况记录仪软件设计框架
图3  工况记录仪上位机软件界面

工况号

Mode number

转速

Speed

负荷

Load/%

 加权系数Weighting coefficient

ISO 8178 C1八工况循环

ISO 8178 C1 eight mode cycle

拟定六工况循环

Conjectured six mode cycle
1 额定 100 0.15 0.20
2 额定 80 — —
3 额定 75 0.15 —
4 额定 60 — 0.35
5 额定 50 0.15 —
6 额定 40 — 0.10
7 额定 10 0.10 —
8 中间 100 0.10 —
9 中间 75 0.10 —
10 中间 50 0.10 0.10
11 中间 25 — 0.10
12 怠速 0 0.15 0.15
表1  柴油机排放测试循环工况点及加权系数
图4   S1100（A）和SH17（B）型单缸柴油机的颗粒物排放万有特性

型号

Model

循环数

Number of cycles

整机加权比排放量与限值

Weighted brake specific emission and limits/(g/(kW?h))
CO PM HC NO X +HC NO X
SH17 6 7.264 0.509 4.040 12.320 8.280
8 5.579 0.413 3.434 9.203 5.769
S1100 6 7.740 0.639 3.761 12.573 8.812
8 7.316 0.615 3.955 10.999 7.044

国三标准限值

National Ⅲ emission standard limits

 6 7.5 0.60 — 5.5 —
表2  在不同测试循环下排气污染物加权比排放量与限值对比
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