Research on error averaging mechanism of linear feed system for precision machine tools

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.023

Chin J Eng Design

2023, Vol. 30

Issue (2): 200-211 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.023

Design for Quality

Research on error averaging mechanism of linear feed system for precision machine tools

Guangming SUN^1,²(

),Dawei ZHANG¹,Mingze SUN³,Pengfei XU¹,Faze CHEN¹,Zhijun LI⁴

^1.Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
^2.School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
^3.School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300082, China
^4.State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

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Abstract

The phenomenon of error averaging in the linear feed system of precision machine tools is a key concern in machine tool accuracy design. Taking a typical linear feed system with double guide rails and four sliders in precision horizontal machining center as the research object, the averaging mechanism between the geometric error of rolling guide rail pair and the motion error of workbench was emphatically studied. Firstly, the equivalent stiffness method based on transfer function was used to establish the mapping relationship between the geometric error of guide rail and the motion error of workbench, and the error averaging mechanism was revealed by taking the normal straightness error as an example. Then, the finite element model of the linear feed system with double guide rails and four sliders was established, and the averaging coefficients of the geometric error of guide rail and the motion error of workbench were analyzed. Finally, an error averaging mechanism analysis experiment was conducted to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis and simulation analysis by measuring the geometric error of guide rail and the motion error of workbench and calculating the error averaging coefficient. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the accuracy design of machine tools.

Key words： precision machine tool linear feed system error averaging averaging coefficient

Received: 18 July 2022 Published: 06 May 2023

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	Guangming SUN
	Dawei ZHANG
	Mingze SUN
	Pengfei XU
	Faze CHEN
	Zhijun LI

Cite this article:

Guangming SUN,Dawei ZHANG,Mingze SUN,Pengfei XU,Faze CHEN,Zhijun LI. Research on error averaging mechanism of linear feed system for precision machine tools. Chin J Eng Design, 2023, 30(2): 200-211.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.023 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2023/V30/I2/200

精密机床直线进给系统误差均化机理研究

精密机床直线进给系统的误差均化现象是机床精度设计中的重点关注问题。以精密卧式加工中心中典型的双导轨四滑块直线进给系统为研究对象，重点研究滚动导轨副几何误差与工作台运动误差之间的均化机理。首先，利用基于传递函数的等效刚度法，建立了导轨几何误差与工作台运动误差之间的映射关系，并以法向直线度误差为例揭示了误差均化机理。然后，建立了双导轨四滑块直线进给系统有限元模型，分析了导轨几何误差与工作台运动误差的均化系数。最后，开展了误差均化机理分析实验，通过测量导轨几何误差和工作台运动误差并计算误差均化系数，验证了理论分析与仿真分析的正确性。研究结果为机床的精度设计提供了理论依据。

关键词： 精密机床, 直线进给系统, 误差均化, 均化系数

Fig.1 Linear feed system with double guide rails and four sliders

Fig.2 Single slider mechanical model

Fig.3 Force analysis of slider under the action of geometric error of guide rail

Fig.4 Static balance model of linear feed system with double guide rails and four sliders

Fig.5 Effect of wavelength of guide rail geometric error on error averaging coefficient of workbench straightness error

Fig.6 Effect of amplitude of guide rail geometric error on error averaging coefficient of workbench straightness error

Table 1 Material attribute setting for single slider finite element model

Fig.7 Mapping relationship between roller pre-tightening and geometric error of guide rail

Fig.8 Geometric relationship of contact between roller and raceway surface

Fig.9 Single slider finite element model based on spring element method

Fig.10 Comparison of contact stiffness curves of single roller

Fig.11 Comparison of static stiffness curves of slider

Fig.12 Finite element model of linear feed system with double guide rails and four sliders

Fig.13 Schematic diagram of geometric error form of guide rail

Fig.14 Geometric error forms of guide rail corresponding to different coefficients p

Fig.15 Influence of coefficient p on straightness error of workbench

Fig.16 Geometric error forms of guide rail corresponding to different coefficients q

Fig.17 Influence of coefficient q on straightness error of workbench

Fig.18 Geometric error forms of guide rail corresponding to different coefficients τ

Fig.19 Influence of coefficient τ on straightness error of workbench

Table 2 Parameters of experimental platform for error averaging mechanism analysis

仪器及工具	用途	备注
光电准直仪	用于测量导轨安装基面、滑块面和工作台的直线度误差	AIM系列，分辨率为0.01 $''$ ，精度为0.1 $''$
扭矩扳手	对导轨的固定螺栓施加规定的拧紧力矩	力矩为5~60 Nm
水平仪	平行度测量和角度调整	0.02 mm/m

Table 3 Instruments and tools used in error averaging mechanism analysis experiment

Fig.20 Measurement site of straightness error of guide rail and workbench

Fig.21 Measurement results of straightness error of guide rail and workbench (1st experiment)

Table 4 Error transmission of linear feed system in the first experiment

Table 5 Comparison of experimental and simulation results of straightness error averaging coefficient (1st experiment)

Fig.22 Measurement results of straightness error of guide rail and workbench (2nd experiment)

Table 6 Error transmission of linear feed system in the second experiment

Table 7 Comparison of experimental and simulation results of straightness error averaging coefficient (2nd experiment)


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[1]	Guang-ming SUN,Yi-miao WANG,Qian WAN,Kun GONG,Wen-jin WANG,Jian ZHAO. Optimization design of precision machine tool bed considering assembly deformation[J]. Chin J Eng Design, 2022, 29(3): 318-326.

[2]	HE Gai-yun, ZHANG Xiao-lei, ZHANG Da-wei, SUN Guang-ming. Research on three-dimensional evaluation method for repeated positioning accuracy of machine tool linear axis[J]. Chin J Eng Design, 2019, 26(4): 371-378.

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