整车驱动轴扭矩测试系统的开发与测试

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.03.152

工程设计学报

2023, Vol. 30

Issue (6): 789-796 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.03.152

整机和系统设计

整车驱动轴扭矩测试系统的开发与测试

唐钰¹(

),陶亮¹,徐奕¹,王恒¹,陈彬²,张小龙¹(

)

^1.安徽农业大学工学院，安徽合肥 230036
^2.安徽江淮汽车技术中心，安徽合肥 230022

Development and test of vehicle drive shaft torque test system

Yu TANG¹(

),Liang TAO¹,Yi XU¹,Heng WANG¹,Bin CHEN²,Xiaolong ZHANG¹(

)

^1.School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
^2.Technology Center of Anhui Jianghuai Automobile, Hefei 230022, China

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摘要：

驱动轴扭矩测试是汽车底盘（含轮胎）阻力拆解与能量流分析的主要手段。针对整车驱动轴扭矩快速测试的需求，开发了能应用于不同车型的测试系统。首先，设计了驱动轴扭矩测试系统的整体架构，其包括传感总成、无线采集总成和标定台架等，并对关键硬件进行选型；其次，采用双轴布片组桥技术设计了可实现宽温域温度补偿和轴向弯矩解耦的传感部件，并开发了可适应狭小空间的可充电轴套，轴套整体采用3D打印技术制作，能够支持20 h以上的测试续航要求，满足了传感部件的布置、供电和抗热辐射要求；然后，设计了适用于加载后驱动轴大轴向角变形工况的快速标定试验台；最后，对所开发的扭矩测试系统进行标定，并进行了道路试验和转鼓试验。研究结果表明，驱动轴扭矩标定的线性度达到99.811 %，测试系统性能良好，测试精度较高。所设计的整车驱动轴扭矩测试系统具有标定及测试快速，关键传感模块可移植、可重复使用等优势，具有较高的应用价值。

关键词： 汽车驱动轴; 扭矩测试; 系统开发; 标定; 转鼓试验

Abstract:

Torque test of the drive shaft is the main means to disassemble the resistance of the vehicle chassis (including tires) and analyze the energy flow. Aiming at the demand of quick test of vehicle drive shaft torque, a test system which could be applied to different vehicle types was developed. Firstly, the overall architecture of the drive shaft torque test system was designed, which included sensing assembly, wireless acquisition assembly and calibration bench, and key hardware was selected; secondly, a sensing component that could achieve wide temperature compensation and axial moment decoupling was designed using biaxial patch bridge technology, and a rechargeable shaft sleeve that could adapt to narrow spaces was developed, which was made by 3D printing technology, and could support testing endurance requirements of over 20 hours and meet the layout, power supply, and thermal radiation resistance requirements of sensing components; then, a fast calibration test bench suitable for large axial angle deformation of the driving shaft after loading was designed; finally, the developed torque test system was calibrated, and road test and drum test were conducted. The results showed that the linearity of the drive shaft torque calibration reached 99.811%, and the test system had good performance and high test accuracy. The designed vehicle drive shaft torque test system has the advantages of fast calibration and test, portability and reusability of key sensing modules, and has high practical application value.

Key words: automotive drive shaft torque test system development calibration drum test

收稿日期: 2023-04-20 出版日期: 2024-01-02

CLC:

U 467.1

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675005)

通讯作者: 张小龙 E-mail: 21721266@stu.ahau.edu.cn;xlzhang@ahau.edu.cn

作者简介: 唐钰（1998—），男，安徽马鞍山人，硕士生，从事车辆测控及动力学研究，E-mail: 21721266@stu.ahau.edu.cn, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5719-1076

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引用本文:

唐钰,陶亮,徐奕,王恒,陈彬,张小龙. 整车驱动轴扭矩测试系统的开发与测试[J]. 工程设计学报, 2023, 30(6): 789-796.

Yu TANG,Liang TAO,Yi XU,Heng WANG,Bin CHEN,Xiaolong ZHANG. Development and test of vehicle drive shaft torque test system[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2023, 30(6): 789-796.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.03.152 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2023/V30/I6/789

图1 驱动轴扭矩测试系统结构框图

表1 驱动轴扭矩测试系统各元件的性能参数

图2 应变片全桥连接示意及实物布置

图3 轴套装配示意1—主体；2—滑盖；3—开关；4—传感模块；5—垫块；6—布线槽；7—电池。

图4 10 km/h车速下轴套内外部温度对比

图5 标定台架装配1—铸铁平台；2—传感总成；3，6—花键法兰；4—固定支座；5—千斤顶；7—卡子；8—固定支台；9—传力板；10—带座外球面轴承；11—T40B扭矩传感器；12—深沟球轴承；13—坡度计；14—横臂。

表2 传力板和横臂的材料参数

图6 传力板和横臂装配体应力云图

图7 传力板和横臂装配体位移云图

表3 传感总成标定试验数据

图8 传感总成标定曲线

图9 传感总成装车图1—传感总成；2—驱动轴；3—变速箱减速器。

图10 变车速下传感总成扭矩和轮边扭矩测试结果

图11 恒定车速下传感总成扭矩和轮边扭矩测试结果Fig.11 Test results of sensing assembly torque and wheel rim torque under constant vehicle speed

图12 恒定车速下传感总成扭矩与轮边扭矩的关系曲线

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