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工程设计学报  2022, Vol. 29 Issue (4): 474-483    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.059
建模、仿真、分析与决策     
肢腿履带足机构抬腿工况动力学分析与实验研究
赵富强1,2(),杜特1,常宝玉1,牛志刚2
1.太原科技大学 重型机械教育部工程研究中心,山西 太原 030024
2.太原理工大学 极地工程与装备研究院,山西 太原 030024
Dynamics analysis and experimental research on leg lifting condition of limb-leg crawler foot mechanism
Fu-qiang ZHAO1,2(),Te DU1,Bao-yu CHANG1,Zhi-gang NIU2
1.Heavy Machinery Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
2.Institute of Polar Engineering and Equipment, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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摘要:

为验证肢腿履带足机构肢腿系统的结构强度,以单肢腿系统为研究对象,基于拉格朗日法建立其抬起工况的动力学模型,推导了其上、下肢腿关节驱动力矩的表达式并予以验证。同时,通过对肢腿履带足机构单腿抬起工况进行动力学仿真,揭示了其支撑腿、抬起腿各铰接点所受力的时域变化规律,并对受力最大的抬起腿的强度进行了有限元模拟与实验验证。结果表明:在肢腿履带足机构单腿抬起工况下,其抬起腿上肢腿的最大应力为165.9 MPa,安全系数为3.04,下肢腿的最大应力为122.9 MPa,安全系数为2.81,均满足单腿抬起过程中的强度要求;抬起腿各铰接点处最大应力的模拟值与测试值的相对误差均在18%以内。研究结果验证了肢腿履带足机构抬腿工况动力学分析方法的正确性以及其结构的安全性和合理性,可为其他肢腿型机构的设计及应用提供参考。

关键词: 肢腿履带足机构拉格朗日法抬腿工况动力学建模实验验证    
Abstract:

In order to verify the structural strength of limb-leg systems of the limb-leg crawler foot mechanism, taking the single limb-leg system as the research object, the dynamics model of its lifting condition was established based on the Lagrange method, and the expressions of driving torque of its upper and lower limb joints were derived and verified. At the same time, through the dynamics simulation of single leg lifting condition of the limb-leg crawler foot mechanism, the time-domain variation law of the force on each hinge point of its supporting leg and lifting leg was revealed, and the strength of the lifting leg with large force was simulated by finite element method and verified by experiment. The results showed that, under the single leg lifting condition of the limb-leg crawler foot mechanism, the maximum stress of the upper limb of the lifting leg was 165.9 MPa, with a safety factor of 3.04, and the maximum stress of the lower limb was 122.9 MPa, with a safety factor of 2.81, which met the strength requirements during the lifting process of a single leg; the relative error between the simulated value and the test value of the maximum stress at each hinge point of the lifting leg was within 18%. The research results verify the correctness of the dynamics analysis method for the leg lifting condition of the limb-leg crawler foot mechanism and the safety and rationality of its structure, which can provide a reference for the design and application of other limb-leg mechanism.

Key words: limb-leg crawler foot mechanism    Lagrange method    leg lifting condition    dynamics modeling    experimental verification
收稿日期: 2021-11-22 出版日期: 2022-09-05
CLC:  TH 17  
基金资助: 山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201901D111009(ZD))
作者简介: 赵富强(1981—),男,山西太原人,副教授,博士,从事机构与汽车动力学、新能源车辆研究,E-mail:zfqgear@163.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-2386
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引用本文:

赵富强,杜特,常宝玉,牛志刚. 肢腿履带足机构抬腿工况动力学分析与实验研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2022, 29(4): 474-483.

Fu-qiang ZHAO,Te DU,Bao-yu CHANG,Zhi-gang NIU. Dynamics analysis and experimental research on leg lifting condition of limb-leg crawler foot mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2022, 29(4): 474-483.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.059        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2022/V29/I4/474

图1  肢腿履带足机构整体结构1—履带足;2—下肢腿;3—上肢腿;4—支撑平台;5—上回转装置;6—一级电动推杆;7—二级电动推杆;8—下回转装置。
图2  单腿抬起工况下肢腿履带足机构的质心位置(x方向)
图3  肢腿c的抬起过程及其位姿变化情况
图4  单肢腿系统抬起工况动力学模型

时刻

t/s

驱动力矩计算值/(N?m)驱动力矩仿真值/(N?m)相对偏差/%
IMIMIM
281.4665.3464.3950.4320.9522.83
480.4862.1763.3449.4621.3020.44
688.3263.8461.8948.0629.9324.72
表1  单肢腿系统铰接点 I 、 M 处的驱动力矩对比
图5  肢腿履带足机构单腿抬起工况动力学仿真模型
部件驱动函数
一级电动推杆step(time,0,0,0.2,5)+step(time,9.0,0,9.2,-5)
二级电动推杆step(time,0,0,0.2,5)+step(time,7.6,0,7.8,-5)
表2  肢腿c电动推杆的驱动函数
参数量值
弹簧刚度系数4.52 N/mm
弹簧阻尼系数0.045 N/(mm/s)
接触刚度系数2 855.0
阻尼系数10.0 N/(mm/s)
穿透深度0.1 mm
静摩擦系数0.3
动摩擦系数0.1
静滑移速度100.0 mm/s
动滑移速度1 000.0 mm/s
表3  肢腿履带足机构单腿抬起工况动力学仿真模型约束参数
图6  肢腿c履带足质心加速度随时间的变化曲线
图7  各支撑腿铰接点Q处受力随时间的变化曲线
图8  肢腿c各铰接点处的受力情况
图9  肢腿d各铰接点处的受力情况
图10  抬起工况下肢腿c上肢腿的最大应力和最大应变云图
图11  抬起工况下肢腿c下肢腿的最大应力和最大应变云图
图12  单肢腿系统应力测试现场1—履带足;2—数据处理系统;3—测试系统;4—下肢腿;5—上肢腿。
图13  抬起工况下单肢腿系统的应力测试曲线
部件测点应力模拟值/MPa应力测试值/MPa相对误差/%
左侧右侧左侧右侧左侧右侧
上肢腿1#15.5723.2214.0723.1010.660.52
3#20.2324.3417.8021.4213.6513.63
4#25.1332.2024.2930.073.467.08
5#43.4156.8438.7856.7411.940.18
下肢腿6#7.339.166.707.809.4017.44
7#7.729.347.219.257.070.97
10#4.544.193.903.9016.417.43
表4  抬起工况下单肢腿系统各测点处最大应力比较
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