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工程设计学报  2022, Vol. 29 Issue (2): 202-211    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.021
建模、仿真、分析与决策     
柔顺停歇机构伪刚体模型的运动学和动力学分析
独亚平(),赵春花(),郭嘉辉,周川,张立强
上海工程技术大学 机械与汽车工程学院,上海 201620
Kinematic and dynamic analysis of pseudo-rigid body model of compliant dwell mechanism
Ya-ping DU(),Chun-hua ZHAO(),Jia-hui GUO,Chuan ZHOU,Li-qiang ZHANG
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China
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摘要:

针对柔顺停歇机构的柔性构件在运动中产生的大变形、大挠度等几何非线性行为,采用伪刚体模型法来分析该类非线性大变形系统。首先,基于大挠度理论对大变形柔性梁进行屈曲分析,运用第一、第二类椭圆积分模拟初始状态为直梁的柔性梁,用多项式拟合得到其载荷—位移关系式。结合边界条件与受力特性,得到柔性梁的等效非线性弹簧伪刚体模型。在此基础上,运用牛顿定律建立机构运动学方程,通过MATLAB/Simulink建模仿真求得曲柄匀速转动时滑块的位置,得到机构具有双停歇特性的滑块位移曲线,揭示了滑块位移与时间以及曲柄转角之间的关系,并通过ADAMS (automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems,机械系统动力学自动分析)仿真验证了理论模型的准确性。其次,为了提高柔顺停歇机构的操作精度和工作性能,对其频率特性进行研究。运用Lagrange方程从机构整体出发建立其动力学模型,推导出柔顺停歇机构固有频率的解析表达式,分析了柔性长梁的截面参数、柔性梁长度和材料性能参数对机构固有频率的影响。结果表明,不同的参数对机构固有频率的影响是不同的,因此在进行柔顺停歇机构的优化设计时要综合考虑各参数对机构动力特性的影响。研究结果为柔顺停歇机构的优化设计奠定了一定基础。

关键词: 柔顺停歇机构大挠度理论伪刚体模型运动特性固有频率    
Abstract:

Aiming at the large deformation, large deflection and other geometric nonlinear behaviors of the flexible component of the compliant dwell mechanism in motion, the pseudo-rigid body model method was used to analyze this kind of nonlinear large deformation system. Firstly, based on large deflection theory, the buckling analysis of large deformation flexible beam was carried out. The first and second kinds of elliptic integral were used to simulate the flexible beam whose initial state was straight beam, and the load-displacement relation formula was obtained by polynomial fitting. Combined with boundary conditions and force characteristics, the equivalent nonlinear spring pseudo-rigid body model of flexible beam was obtained. On this basis, the kinematic equation of the mechanism was established by using Newton's law, the position of the slider when the crank rotated at a uniform speed was obtained by MATLAB/Simulink modeling and simulation. So the slider displacement curve with double stop characteristics of the mechanism was obtained, the relationship between the slider displacement and time and crank angle was revealed, and the accuracy of the theoretical model was verified by ADAMS(automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems) simulation. Secondly, in order to improve the operation accuracy and working performance of the compliant dwell mechanism, its frequency characteristics were studied. Using Lagrange equation, the dynamic model of the mechanism was established from the whole, the analytical expression of the natural frequency of the compliant dwell mechanism was derived, and the influence of section parameters of flexible long beam, length of flexible beam and material performance parameters on the natural frequency of the mechanism were analyzed. The results showed that different parameters had different influences on the natural frequency of the mechanism, so the influences of various parameters on the dynamic characteristics of the mechanism should be comprehensively considered in the optimal design of the compliant dwell mechanism. The research results lay a foundation for the optimal design of compliant dwell mechanism.

Key words: compliant dwell mechanism    large deflection theory    pseudo-rigid body model    motion characteristic    natural frequency
收稿日期: 2021-03-02 出版日期: 2022-05-06
CLC:  TH 113  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775328)
通讯作者: 赵春花     E-mail: duyaping1209@foxmail.com;zchh226@163.com
作者简介: 独亚平(1996—),女,江苏徐州人,硕士生,从事柔顺停歇机构动力学分析与优化设计等研究,E-mail:duyaping1209@foxmail.com
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引用本文:

独亚平,赵春花,郭嘉辉,周川,张立强. 柔顺停歇机构伪刚体模型的运动学和动力学分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2022, 29(2): 202-211.

Ya-ping DU,Chun-hua ZHAO,Jia-hui GUO,Chuan ZHOU,Li-qiang ZHANG. Kinematic and dynamic analysis of pseudo-rigid body model of compliant dwell mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2022, 29(2): 202-211.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.021        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2022/V29/I2/202

图1  柔顺停歇机构简图
参数数值
弹性模量E/Pa3.5×109
密度ρ/(g/cm31.25
泊松比μ0.36
柔性长梁长l3×宽b3×厚h3/mm×mm×mm200×20×1.06
柔性短梁长l5×宽b5×厚h5/mm×mm×mm110×15×0.86
曲柄长度r2 /mm70
曲柄质量m2/kg0.1
滑块质量m6/kg0.3
表1  柔顺停歇机构相关参数
图2  柔性长梁的受力
图3  柔性长梁的变形
图4  柔性长梁的载荷—位移曲线
图5  柔性梁的伪刚体模型
图6  柔顺停歇机构伪刚体模型
图7  滑块的位置
图8  滑块的受力
图9  以曲柄角为输入、滑块位移为输出的机构运动的数学模型
图10  滑块位移随时间的变化曲线
图11  滑块位移随曲柄转角的变化曲线
图12  柔性长梁截面厚度对机构固有频率的影响
图13  柔性长梁截面宽度对机构固有频率的影响
图14  柔性长梁长度对机构固有频率的影响
图15  柔性短梁长度对机构固有频率的影响

柔性梁

材料

E/GPaρ/(g/cm3Eρ/103N?mkg12ω/Hz
聚丙烯1.380.901.238 285.378 5
聚乳酸3.501.251.673 328.563 9
铍青铜1268.303.896 2423.594 2
钛合金1144.405.090 1038.729 3
铝合金71.72.715.143 6948.789 1
弹簧钢2077.685.191 6457.624 0
表2  选用不同柔性梁材料时机构的固有频率
图16  Eρ值对机构固有频率的影响
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