Please wait a minute...
浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (9): 1764-1771    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.018
    
Evacuation from offshore platform based on multi-velocity cellular automata
Jin GAO1,2(),Jing-hai GONG1,2,*(),Jun HE1,2
1. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Download: HTML     PDF(1544KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      

Abstract  

A cellular automaton-based system that is suitable for the evacuation from offshore platform was developed and a method to incorporate the variation of velocity in discrete model was proposed, in order to explore pedestrian evacuation dynamics on offshore platform and evaluate evacuation efficiency quantitatively. Model parameters were calibrated based on experiment results on real platform, and the feasibility of the simulation system was verified by comparing with maritimeEXODUS. Evacuation results in smoke-free and smoke scenarios on the platform were quantitatively analyzed and compared from evacuation time and exit efficiency, and an optimized evacuation plan was further proposed. Results show that the smoke environment not only reduces individual speed and extends evacuation time, but also affects personal route choice, inducing the imbalanced evacuation.

Key words： offshore platform      cellular automata      multi-velocity      real scene experiment      evacuation time      exit utilization rate     
Received: 15 October 2020      Published: 20 October 2021
CLC:  TP 391.9  
Fund:  工业与信息化部《大型生活区人员应急和逃生技术研究》（MC-201620-H01-04）资助项目
Corresponding Authors: Jing-hai GONG     E-mail: sjtujin@sjtu.edu.cn;gongjh@sjtu.edu.cn
Service
E-mail this article
Add to my bookshelf
Add to citation manager
E-mail Alert
RSS
Articles by authors
Jin GAO
Jing-hai GONG
Jun HE
Cite this article:

Jin GAO,Jing-hai GONG,Jun HE. Evacuation from offshore platform based on multi-velocity cellular automata. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(9): 1764-1771.

URL:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.018     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2021/V55/I9/1764


基于多速度元胞自动机的海洋平台人员疏散

为了研究海洋平台人员疏散过程，定量评估疏散方案的合理性，基于元胞自动机模型开发适用于海洋平台人员逃生疏散的仿真系统，提出在离散模型中精确考虑多种人员速度的方法. 使用真实海洋平台疏散实验数据校核模型参数，并对比商业软件maritimeEXODUS的计算结果，验证仿真系统的可行性. 从疏散时间和出口使用效率对无烟和有烟场景下的人员疏散结果进行对比和量化分析，并提出优化方案. 结果表明：有烟环境不仅折减人员移动速度，延长疏散时间，更会影响人员的路径选择，导致疏散不平衡.


关键词： 海洋平台,  元胞自动机,  多速度,  实景实验,  疏散时间,  出口使用率 
Fig.1 Moving probability in cellular automata model
Fig.2 Updating rules and steps in evacuation model
Fig.3 Layout of each deck and distribution of pedestrians
Fig.4 Snapshot of evacuation process on offshore platform
场景 V1 V2 V3 V4
1 1.78 1.58 1.42 1.97
2 1.34 1.95 1.61 2.19
Tab.1 Statistics of average evacuation velocity (m·s−1)
Fig.5 Evacuation route in different scenarios
疏散场景 T/s TE/s TM/s
场景1 80 84 86
场景2 88 90 91
Tab.2 Comparison of evacuation time between simulation system and experiment, maritimeEXODUS software
Fig.6 Relationship between number of evacuees on each deck and evacuation time
Fig.7 Relationship between number of evacuees and evacuation time of each exit
Fig.8 Relationship between number of evacuees on each deck and evacuation time
Fig.9 Relationship between number of evacuees and evacuation time of each exit
[1]   李晶晶, 陈国明, 朱渊 基于事故场景的海洋平台应急撤离风险分析[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2013, 23 (7): 157- 163
LI Jing-jing, CHEN Guo-ming, ZHU Yuan Analysis of risk in EER from offshore platforms based on accident scene[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2013, 23 (7): 157- 163
[2]   许鹏程, 高瑾, 邱国志 深水半潜式支持平台火灾烟气蔓延规律[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2019, 53 (8): 913- 920
XU Peng-cheng, GAO Jin, QIU Guo-zhi Fire smoke spread law in deep water semi-submersible platform[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2019, 53 (8): 913- 920
[3]   MUSHARRAF M, SMITH J, KHAN F, et al Assessing offshore emergency evacuation behavior in a virtual environment using a Bayesian network approach[J]. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 2016, 152 (8): 28- 37
[4]   CHENG J, TAN Y, SONG Y, et al Developing an evacuation evaluation model for offshore oil and gas platforms using BIM and agent-based model[J]. Automation in Construction, 2018, 89 (5): 214- 224
[5]   PING P, WANG K, KONG D, et al Estimating probability of success of escape, evacuation, and rescue (EER) on the offshore platform by integrating Bayesian network and fuzzy AHP[J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2018, 54: 57- 68
doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2018.02.007
[6]   张艺萌, 孙海, 董胜 基于BIM和Multi-agent联合优化的海洋平台应急疏散仿真研究[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2020, 50 (Suppl. 1): 167- 173
ZHANG Yi-meng, SUN Hai, DONG Sheng Research on emergency evacuation simulation for offshore platform based on joint optimization of BIM and Multi-agent[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2020, 50 (Suppl. 1): 167- 173
[7]   PING P, WANG K, KONG D Analysis of emergency evacuation in an offshore platform using evacuation simulation modeling[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2018, 505 (17): 601- 612
[8]   陈淼, 韩端锋, 于洋, 等 基于Agent的舰船人员疏散模型研究[J]. 计算机工程与科学, 2013, 35 (4): 163- 167
CHEN Miao, HAN Duan-feng, Yu Yang, et al Ship passenger evacuation model based on agent theory[J]. Computer Engineering and Science, 2013, 35 (4): 163- 167
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-130X.2013.04.029
[9]   SUN J L, GUO Y F, LI C H,  et  al An experimental study on individual walking speed during ship evacuation with the combined effect of heeling and trim[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2018, 166 (20): 396- 403
[10]   WANG X J, LIU Z J, WANG J, et al Experimental study on individual walking speed during emergency evacuation with the influence of ship motion[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2021, 562 (2): 125369
[11]   GWYNNE S, GALEA E R, LYSTER C, et al Analysing the evacuation procedures employed on a Thames passenger boat using the maritimeEXODUS evacuation model[J]. Fire Technology, 2003, 39 (3): 225- 246
doi: 10.1023/A:1024189414319
[12]   FU Z, ZHOU X, ZHU K, et al A floor field cellular automaton for crowd evacuation considering different walking abilities[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2015, 420 (4): 294- 303
[13]   TAO Y Z, DONG L Y A cellular automaton model for pedestrian counterflow with swapping[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2017, 475 (11): 155- 168
[14]   GAO J, HE J, GONG J H A simplified method to provide evacuation guidance in a multi-exit building under emergency[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2020, 545 (9): 123554
[15]   BURSTEDDE C, KLAUCK K, SCHADSCHNEIDER A, et al Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2001, 295 (3-4): 507- 525
doi: 10.1016/S0378-4371(01)00141-8
[16]   IMO. Revised guidelines on evacuation analysis for new and existing passenger ships: MSC/Circ. 1533 [S]. London: [s.n.], 2016.
[17]   YUAN W, TAN K H A novel algorithm of simulating multi-velocity evacuation based on cellular automata modeling and tenability condition[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2007, 379 (1): 250- 262
doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2006.12.044
[18]   ZHOU X, HU J, JI X, et al Cellular automaton simulation of pedestrian flow considering vision and multi-velocity[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2019, 514 (2): 982- 992
[19]   ZHANG J, ZHAO J, SONG Z, et al Evacuation performance of participants in an offshore platform under smoke situations[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2020, 216 (22): 107739
[20]   KIRCHNER A, SCHADSCHNEIDER A Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2002, 312 (1/2): 260- 276
doi: 10.1016/S0378-4371(02)00857-9
[21]   GAO J, ZHANG J J, HE J, et al Experiment and simulation of pedestrian’s behaviors during evacuation in an office[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 2019, 545 (9): 123749
[22]   简贤文, 陈文龙, 沈子腾, 等 运用buildingExodus评估台北捷运地下车站避难安全: 以捷运新店站为例[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23 (Suppl. 2): 5025- 5029
JIAN Xian-wen, CHEN Wen-long, SHEN Zi-teng, et al Safety evacuation in MRT underground station by using buildingExodus with example of Xindian station of TRTC[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23 (Suppl. 2): 5025- 5029
[1] YUE Wen-ze, GAO Jia-bin, XIONG Chang-sheng. Cellular automata model for urban land expansion simulation based on heterogeneity adjacency relationship[J]. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2017, 51(11): 2232-2238.
[2] JI Xue-bin, WANG Hui, SONG Chun-yue. Traffic flow modeling and safety analysis in hydropower construction based on cellular automata[J]. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2017, 51(10): 2005-2011.