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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (1): 207-218    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.022
    
Thermal analysis of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor based on magneto-thermal coupling method
Liwei SHI(),Zhengwei LIU,Zhiwei QIAO,Xin ZHAO,Yingjie ZHU
School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
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Abstract  

A topology of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor (AHPPMM) was proposed for the problem of high loss and high heat generation of conventional interior permanent magnet motor. The topology of the asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor was introduced. The electromagnetic characteristics and loss distribution characteristics of the two were compared and analyzed. The equivalent thermal conductivity was determined based on the features of the distributed winding structure of the AHPPMM, and the lumped parameter thermal model was constructed. Then a unidirectional magneto-thermal coupling model was established to calculate the temperature distribution of each motor component and verify the correctness of the thermal network model. A bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling model was established by considering the temperature influence on the permanent magnet material in order to compare and analyze the influence law of different current densities on the motor temperature rise. A prototype was fabricated and a temperature rise experiment platform was constructed. The effectiveness and rationality of the new topology were verified. The accuracy of the calculation results of the bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling method was validated.

Key words： permanent magnet motor      asymmetric hybrid pole      thermal analysis      magneto-thermal coupling      lumped parameter thermal model     
Received: 03 July 2023      Published: 07 November 2023
CLC:  TM 351  
Fund:  国家自然科学基金资助项目（51905066）
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Liwei SHI
Zhengwei LIU
Zhiwei QIAO
Xin ZHAO
Yingjie ZHU
Cite this article:

Liwei SHI,Zhengwei LIU,Zhiwei QIAO,Xin ZHAO,Yingjie ZHU. Thermal analysis of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor based on magneto-thermal coupling method. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(1): 207-218.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.022     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2024/V58/I1/207


基于磁热耦合法的非对称混合磁极永磁电机热分析

针对传统内置永磁电机损耗高、发热量大的问题，提出非对称混合磁极永磁电机拓扑结构. 介绍非对称混合磁极永磁电机的拓扑结构，对比分析两者的电磁特性与损耗分布特性. 针对非对称混合磁极永磁电机分布式绕组的结构特点，对绕组进行等效处理，确定等效导热系数，建立集中参数热网络模型. 建立单向磁热耦合模型，计算电机各部件的温度分布，验证了热网络模型的正确性. 考虑到温度对永磁材料的影响，建立双向磁热耦合模型，对比分析不同电流密度对电机温升的影响规律. 试制一台样机并搭建温升试验平台进行温升试验，验证了新型拓扑结构的有效性与合理性以及磁热双向耦合法计算结果的准确性.


关键词： 永磁电机,  非对称混合磁极,  热分析,  磁热耦合,  集中参数热模型 
Fig.1 Rotor topology of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor and conventional interior permanent magnet motor
Fig.2 Simplified magnetic circuit comparison diagram of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor and conventional interior permanent magnet motor
Fig.3 Structure of non-uniform air gap rotor
参数 参数值
AHPPMM CIPMM
定子槽数 48 48
转子极数 8 8
定子外径/mm 159 159
定子内径/mm 107.4 107.4
气隙长度/mm 0.7/1.31 0.7
轴向长度/mm 91 91
转子外径/mm 106 106
永磁体用量/mm3 6.18×104 7.65×104
Tab.1 Main geometric parameters of motors
Fig.4 Magnetic field distribution of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor and conventional interior permanent magnet motor
Fig.5 Waveform of air gap flux density
Fig.6 Waveform of no-load back EMF
Fig.7 Harmonic analysis of air gap flux density
Fig.8 Harmonic analysis of no-load back EMF waveform
Fig.9 Comparison of eddy current loss
Fig.10 Comparison of iron core loss
Fig.11 Comparison of total losses
Fig.12 Lumped parameter thermal network of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor
材料 λ/ (W·m?1·K?1) c /(J·kg?1·K?1) ρ/ (kg·m?3)
硅钢 40 426 7700
铜 387 383.1 8954
N35UH 7.6 4600 7500
槽绝缘纸 0.2 1290 1060
Tab.2 Material data of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor
Fig.13 Schematic diagram and equivalent model of winding for asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor
部件 节点温升/℃
电机外壳 45.4 45.1 47.9 47.7 47.5
定子轭部 — 56.3 56.4 56.3 —
电枢绕组 60.3 60.5 61.8 60.5 60.5
定子齿部 — 56.2 57.4 56.8 —
转子极靴 — 45.3 45.5 45.3 —
永磁体 — 46.1 46.4 46.3 46.2 —
转子轭部 — 45.1 45.5 45.3 —
端盖 42.8 — — — 44.6
轴承 47.9 — — — 51.2
Tab.3 Calculation results of temperature rise for each component under rated operation of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor
Fig.14 Three-dimensional diagram of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor
Fig.15 Temperature distribution of windings and permanent magnets calculated by unidirectional magneto-thermal coupling
Fig.16 Temperature distribution of stator and rotor calculated by unidirectional magneto-thermal coupling
Fig.17 Flow chart of bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling
Fig.18 Temperature distribution of windings and permanent magnets calculated by bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling
Fig.19 Temperature distribution of stator and rotor calculated by bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling
Fig.20 Comparison of output torque between unidirectional magneto-thermal coupling method and bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling method
J/(A·mm?2) tcmax/℃ tcavg/℃ tnmax/℃ tnavg/℃ trmax/℃ travg/℃ tsmax/℃ tsavg/℃
2.14 66.35 60.64 47.31 43.53 49.56 43.58 59.47 55.78
2.25 69.44 63.14 48.94 44.92 51.33 44.97 61.94 57.96
2.31 72.70 65.75 50.65 46.37 53.19 46.43 64.51 60.24
2.40 76.22 68.56 52.48 47.93 55.19 47.99 67.28 62.70
2.48 79.91 71.52 54.42 49.58 57.29 49.64 70.19 65.29
2.57 83.78 74.63 56.45 51.31 59.50 51.38 73.25 68.01
2.65 87.97 77.96 58.63 53.16 61.87 53.23 76.53 70.92
2.73 92.35 81.46 60.93 55.11 64.37 55.19 79.99 73.99
2.82 97.01 85.19 63.36 57.19 67.02 57.27 83.66 77.25
2.91 101.90 89.11 65.93 59.37 69.80 59.45 87.51 80.68
3.04 109.79 95.40 70.04 62.87 74.28 62.96 93.71 86.18
Tab.4 Calculation of temperature rise of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor components by bi-directional magneto-thermal coupling under different current densities
Fig.21 Maximum temperature rise of asymmetric hybrid pole permanent magnet motor under different current density
Fig.22 Prototype and temperature rise experiment platform
Fig.23 Steady state temperature cloud
Fig.24 Maximum temperature rise curve of motor
Fig.25 Experimental platform of no-load back EMF
Fig.26 Waveform of measured no-load back EMF
Fig.27 THD of no-load back EMF
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