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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2023, Vol. 49 Issue (6): 765-775    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.12.131
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Comparison of cell lineage development and regulation during early embryonic development in cattle and mice
Xiaotong WU(),Yan SHI,Shuang LI,Shaohua WANG,Kun ZHANG()
Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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Abstract  

Low reproductive efficiency of high-yielding dairy cows is a worldwide challenge, among which the high mortality rate of early embryos is one of the main reasons. Scientists have gained insightful knowledge into early embryonic development in mice while very little work has been performed in cattle. To better understand the early embryonic development in cattle, we compared early embryonic development in cattle and mice from the perspectives of embryo morphology, transcription factors and signaling pathways. It was found that after fertilization, degradation of maternal factors, zygotic genome activation, construction of cell polarity and asymmetric division occurred at different periods in the early embryos of cattle and mice. Eventually, embryos develop to blastocysts with three germ layers (trophectoderm, epiblast and primitive endoderm). Furthermore, multiple transcription factors and signaling pathways form complicated networks to regulate cell lineage differentiation during early embryonic development in cattle and mice. In summary, similar biological events occur one after another at the early embryonic development in cattle and mice, but the regulation of cell lineage differentiation is different, suggesting the limitations of using the early embryo of mouse as a research model. The study in this field plays a crucial role in improving reproductive efficiency of dairy cows and promoting the genetic improvement in cattle.

Key words： cattle      mouse      preimplantation      early embryo      lineage differentiation      trophectoderm      inner cell mass     
Received: 13 December 2022      Published: 25 December 2023
CLC:  Q954.4  
Corresponding Authors: Kun ZHANG     E-mail: wsxt412726@163.com;kzhang@zju.edu.cn
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Xiaotong WU
Yan SHI
Shuang LI
Shaohua WANG
Kun ZHANG
Cite this article:

Xiaotong WU,Yan SHI,Shuang LI,Shaohua WANG,Kun ZHANG. Comparison of cell lineage development and regulation during early embryonic development in cattle and mice. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2023, 49(6): 765-775.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.12.131     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2023/V49/I6/765


牛和小鼠早期胚胎发育过程中细胞谱系发育调控的比较

高产奶牛繁殖效率低是世界性难题，其中早期胚胎死亡率高是主要原因之一。当前对牛早期胚胎发育的研究有限，而对于小鼠这种模式动物的早期胚胎发育研究已相当深入。因此，本文从胚胎形态、转录因子以及信号通路3方面对牛和小鼠早期胚胎发育过程进行比较，以加深对牛早期胚胎发育的认识。经比较发现，受精后，牛和小鼠早期胚胎在不同时期发生母源因子降解、合子基因组激活、细胞极性建立和不对称分裂，最终使得胚胎形态发生变化，形成具有3个胚层（滋养外胚层、上胚层和原始内胚层）的囊胚。此外，牛和小鼠早期胚胎发育过程中，多个转录因子及信号通路形成复杂网络调控细胞谱系分化。综上所述，在牛和小鼠早期胚胎发育过程中，相似的生物学事件陆续发生，但是细胞谱系分化的调控呈现差异性，提示我们将小鼠早期胚胎作为研究模型的局限性，该领域的研究对提高奶牛繁殖效率以及促进牛遗传改良工作具有重要意义。


关键词： 牛,  小鼠,  着床前,  早期胚胎,  谱系分化,  滋养外胚层,  内细胞团 
Fig. 1 Morphological changes and key biological events during early embryonic development in mice and cattle

早期胚胎发育事件

Event of early

embryonic

development

发育时期

Period of development

小鼠胚胎

Mouse embryo

牛胚胎

Cattle embryo

合子基因组激活 ZGA2细胞期[6]8—16细胞期[8]
致密化 Compaction8细胞期[9]16—32细胞期[10]
Table 1 Comparison of periods and events of early embryonic development between mice and cattle
Fig. 2 First cell lineage differentiation in mice and cattle embryosThe black sharp arrow represents promoted expression, and the T-shaped arrow represents suppressed expression, and the arrow with the red cross represents unaffected expression.
Fig. 3 Second cell lineage differentiation in mice and cattle embryosThe black arrow represents promoted expression, and the arrow with the red cross represents unaffected expression.

早期胚胎发育生物学机制

Biological mechanisms at early embryonic development

小鼠胚胎

Mouse embryo

牛胚胎

Cattle embryo

抑制YAP是否影响囊胚发育 Whether inhibition of YAP affects blastocyst development否[33]否[27]
抑制TEAD4是否影响囊胚发育 Whether inhibition of TEAD4 affects blastocyst development是[39]否[36]
抑制TEAD4是否影响CDX2表达 Whether inhibition of TEAD4 affects CDX2 expression是[39]否[35]
抑制TEAD4是否影响GATA3表达 Whether inhibition of TEAD4 affects GATA3 expression是[39]否[35]
抑制CDX2是否影响囊胚发育 Whether inhibition of CDX2 affects blastocyst development否[47]否[43]

过表达H1FOO是否影响囊胚发育

Whether overexpression of H1FOO affects blastocyst development

否[50]是[50]

敲除NANOG后，FGF4能否恢复SOX17表达

Whether FGF4 rescues SOX17 expression after NANOG knockout

能[64]部分恢复[64]
抑制ERK是否抑制GATA6表达 Whether inhibition of ERK inhibits GATA6 expression是[75]是[70]
OCT4是否存在TFAP2C结合位点 Whether there is TFAP2C binding site in OCT4是[61]否[61]
Table 2 Comparison of biological mechanisms at early embryonic development between mice and cattle
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