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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2022, Vol. 48 Issue (6): 731-743    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.07.271
Reviews     
Research progress of fire blight in fruit trees
Xi FANG1,2(),Youping XU3,Xinzhong CAI1,2()
1.Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, Hainan, China
2.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3.Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract  

Fire blight is an important disease caused by Gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora that severely harms Rosaceae plants, and it is an important factor to restrict the development of pear and apple industries in China. Erwinia amylovora is highly virulent with a wide host range, and thus it is difficult to find a unified target for its eradication. With the emergence of drug-resistant strains, control of the disease becomes more difficult. In this paper, the disease characteristics, epidemiology, management methods and the mechanisms underlying E. amylovora pathogenicity and plant resistance were reviewed, which could provide references to further research and efficient control of fire blight.

Key words： fire blight      Erwinia amylovora      epidemiology      pathogenicity      disease resistance      management     
Received: 27 July 2022      Published: 27 December 2022
CLC:  S 432  
Corresponding Authors: Xinzhong CAI     E-mail: 1614671153@qq.com;xzcai@zju.edu.cn
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Xi FANG
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Cite this article:

Xi FANG,Youping XU,Xinzhong CAI. Research progress of fire blight in fruit trees. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2022, 48(6): 731-743.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.07.271     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2022/V48/I6/731


果树火疫病研究进展

火疫病由革兰氏阴性菌解淀粉欧文菌（Erwinia amylovora）引起，严重危害蔷薇科植物，是限制我国梨和苹果产业发展的重要因子。E. amylovora毒力强，寄主范围广泛，难以找到统一的根治靶标。随着耐药性菌株的出现，对该病害的控制变得更加困难。本文综述了火疫病的病害特性、发生规律、防控方法以及E. amylovora致病机制和植物抗性机制研究进展，为火疫病的深入研究和有效防治提供参考。


关键词： 火疫病,  解淀粉欧文菌,  流行学,  致病机制,  抗病机制,  防控 
Fig. 1 Symptoms of pear fire blightA. Blackened shepherd’s crooked diseased shoot; B. Bacterial oozes on diseased shoots; C. Water soaking lesion on diseased young fruit.
Fig. 2 Molecular mechanisms underlying plant-E. amylovora interactionsThe figure was drawn by Figdraw (http://www.figdraw.com). Erwinia amylovora effectors, which are indicated in colored circles, enter the plant cell through T3SS. DspA/E and HrpN physically interact with LRR receptor-like kinase DIPM1-4 and transmembrane protein HIPM, respectively, to promote disease development. Eop4/AvrRpt2EA cleaves MdRIN4 and produces ACP3, which activates the R protein Mr5 to trigger ETI. Eop1 might be recognized somehow by FB_Mf12 and FB_E12 to elicit ETI. The immune recognition of Eop2 and Eop3 remains unknown.

药剂

Chemical

用量

Dosage

效率

Efficiency/%

文献

Reference

硫酸铝钾 Aluminum potassium sulfate3 000～4 000倍液56～85[2]
链霉素 Streptomycin3 000～4 000倍液60～97[2]
波尔多液 Bordeaux mixture1∶2∶200倍量34～60[50]
春雷·王铜 Kasugamycin·copper oxychloride700倍液74～82[51]
氢氧化铜 Copper hydroxide1 000倍液75～88[52]
恶喹酸 Oxolinic acid666倍液68～80[47]
调环酸 Prohexadione carboxylic acid (PCA)625倍液60～75[48]
土霉素 Oxytetracycline700 mg/L57～61[49]
Table 1 Chemicals for fire blight management

生防制剂

Biological control agent

效率

Efficiency/%

文献

Reference

荧光假单胞菌A506

Pseudomonas fluorescens A506

40～60[53]

成团泛菌D325

Pantoea agglomerans D325

60～65[56]

成团泛菌P10c

Pantoea agglomerans P10c

60～66[56]

枯草芽孢杆菌QST713

Bacillus subtilis QST713

58～63[56]

枯草芽孢杆菌BD170

Bacillus subtilis BD170

43～71[56]

禾谷假单胞菌49M

Pseudomonas graminis 49M

73～86[54]

草生欧文菌89

Erwinia herbicola 89

65～70[55]

成团泛菌ACBP2

Pantoea agglomerans ACBP2

73～90[56]

解淀粉芽孢杆菌LMR2

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LMR2

70～90[56]

莫海威芽孢杆菌SF16

Bacillus mojavensis SF16

70～90[56]

调环酸钙

Prohexadione-calcium (PhCa)

71～73[63]

苯丙噻重氮

Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM)

62～76[69]

抗菌肽BP100

Antimicrobial peptide BP100

75～90[75]

杀菌肽A-蜂毒素杂合物

Cecropin A-melittin (CAM)

55～76[73]

抗菌肽BP358

Antimicrobial peptide BP358

78～95[76]
Table 2 Biological control agents for fire blight
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