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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2019, Vol. 45 Issue (2): 196-204    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.04.161
Food sciences     
Effects of ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction on the yield and structure of water soluble polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale
Rong JIN1,2(),Wenhua XIE1,Jiebiao CHEN1,Nianchen WANG1,Baixue XIANG1,Yue WANG1,Jinping CAO1()
1. Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Agricultural Experimental Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract  

Dendrobium officinale is an edible medicinal plant with polysaccharides as its important bioactive components. This study investigated the effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the yield of D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ water soluble polysaccharides as well as the influence to the molecular structure. The results showed that ultrasonic-assisted methods significantly increased the yield of polysaccharides and shortened the extraction time from 2 h to 3 min. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained in the ultrasonic-assisted hot water synergetic extraction (500 W, 95-100 ℃, 3 min). The results of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed that the D. officinale polysaccharides through ultrasonic-assisted extraction were with higher polydispersity (PDI). The water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ were composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid. No significant difference was observed on the infrared spectrum and monosaccharide composition among the different extraction methods. The D. officinale polysaccharides had certain congo red-binding ability, which was not affected by the ultrasonic treatments. The optimum extract parameters (500 W, 95-100 ℃, 3 min) was applied in the comparison of polysaccharide content among 13 cultivars. The polysaccharide content varied among the cultivars and tissues, with a range of 69.40-130.10 g/kg fresh mass in the stem, and a range of 15.30-34.10 g/kg fresh mass in the leaf.

Key words： Dendrobium officinale      cultivars      polysaccharides      ultrasonic-assisted extraction     
Received: 16 April 2018      Published: 25 April 2019
CLC:  O 629.12  
Corresponding Authors: Jinping CAO     E-mail: rong@zju.edu.cn;0017165@zju.edu.cn
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Rong JIN
Wenhua XIE
Jiebiao CHEN
Nianchen WANG
Baixue XIANG
Yue WANG
Jinping CAO
Cite this article:

Rong JIN,Wenhua XIE,Jiebiao CHEN,Nianchen WANG,Baixue XIANG,Yue WANG,Jinping CAO. Effects of ultrasonic-assisted hot water extraction on the yield and structure of water soluble polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(2): 196-204.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.04.161     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2019/V45/I2/196


超声辅助热水提取对铁皮石斛水溶性多糖得率和结构的影响

为建立铁皮石斛水溶性多糖超声辅助热水提取法，本文比较了常温和热水提取体系中超声辅助提取对‘圣兰8号’铁皮石斛（Dendrobium officinale）水溶性多糖得率及其分子结构的影响。结果表明：超声辅助提取显著提高了铁皮石斛水溶性多糖得率，并使提取时间从2 h缩短至3 min；超声辅助-热水提取（95～100 ℃）可进一步提高得率，其中500 W超声3 min的效果最佳。凝胶渗透色谱结果显示，超声辅助提取的多糖多分散度显著增高。‘圣兰8号’铁皮石斛水溶性多糖由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、木糖、葡萄糖醛酸和半乳糖醛酸组成，提取方法对多糖红外光谱和单糖组成无明显影响。铁皮石斛水溶性多糖具有刚果红结合能力，超声辅助提取不改变其与刚果红的结合特性。将500 W超声辅助-热水提取方法应用于13个铁皮石斛品种水溶性多糖的提取，发现茎中水溶性多糖质量分数在69.40～130.10 g/kg之间（按鲜质量计），叶片中则在15.30～34.10 g/kg之间（按鲜质量计），品种间存在较大差异。


关键词： 铁皮石斛,  品种,  多糖,  超声辅助提取 

组号

Group No.

提取参数

Extract parameters

 水溶性组分Water-soluble fraction (WSF)

得率1）

Yield 1)/(g/kg)

多糖

Polysaccharides/%

蛋白

Protein/%

酚类

Phenolics/%
A 14 ℃，2 h 67.40±1.41c 93.58±2.23a 3.09±0.18a ＜0.010
B 20 ℃，100 W，3 min 88.40±1.12b 92.87±3.44a 3.06±0.35a ＜0.010
C 20 ℃，300 W，3 min 88.90±0.19b 92.45±3.27a 3.18±0.20a ＜0.010
D 20 ℃，500 W，3 min 78.30±0.15bc 89.07±5.62a 2.97±0.65a ＜0.010
E 100 ℃，2 h 121.90±0.36a 90.32±7.95a 1.29±0.22c ＜0.010
F 95～100 ℃，100 W，3 min 92.00±0.80b 90.13±5.15a 2.51±0.25b 0.011
G 95～100 ℃，300 W，3 min 88.40±1.26b 86.48±8.03a 3.02±0.47a ＜0.010
H 95～100 ℃，500 W，3 min 116.60±0.38a 88.97±7.97a 2.76±0.34ab ＜0.010
Table 1 Yield and purity of water soluble polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters
Fig. 1 GPC spectrum of water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters

提取参数

Extract parameters

保留时间

Retention time/min

 重均相对摩尔质量Mw/(105 g/mol)

数均相对摩尔质量

Mn/(105 g/mol)

多分散度

Polydispersity (PDI)
14 ℃，2 h 13.43±0.50a 2.95±0.05c 0.62±0.00bcd 4.74±0.04d
20 ℃，100 W，3 min 12.76±1.12a 3.28±0.02b 0.67±0.02ab 4.93±0.15d
20 ℃，300 W，3 min 12.79±1.01a 3.31±0.10b 0.69±0.04a 4.80±0.14d
20 ℃，500 W，3 min 13.87±1.60a 3.68±0.20a 0.56±0.07de 6.60±0.48b
100 ℃，2 h 13.59±1.33a 3.13±0.05b 0.63±0.02abc 4.97±0.20d
95～100 ℃，100 W，3 min 13.89±1.11a 3.68±0.11a 0.58±0.04cd 6.32±0.30bc
95～100 ℃，300 W，3 min 13.59±1.60a 3.82±0.04a 0.63±0.00abc 6.04±0.04c
95～100 ℃，500 W，3 min 14.54±0.16a 3.70±0.09a 0.52±0.02e 7.14±0.31a
Table 2 Molecular size of water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters
Fig. 2 Congo red binding capacity of water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters
Fig. 3 Infrared spectrum of water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters
Fig. 4 HPLC spectrum of monosaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ water soluble polysaccharides

提取参数

Extract parameters

甘露糖

Mannose

葡萄糖

Glucose

鼠李糖

Rhamnose

半乳糖

Galactose

木糖

Xylose

阿拉伯糖

Arabinose

半乳糖醛酸

Galacturonic

acid

葡萄糖醛酸

Glucuronic

acid

甘露糖/葡萄糖

Mannose/

glucose
14 ℃，2 h 79.17±4.29a 16.33±1.89ab

0.45±

0.12a

 0.90±0.25b 1.21±0.27a 0.86±0.31a 1.85±0.35a 痕量Trace 4.90±0.83ab

20 ℃，100 W，

3 min

 75.58±0.77b 21.02±0.53a

0.20±

0.09bc

 0.35±0.01d 1.14±0.06a 0.35±0.05a 0.46±0.20b 痕量Trace 3.60±0.13b

20 ℃，300 W，

3 min

 76.63±1.80ab 18.81±2.30ab

0.15±

0.01c

 0.69±0.02c 1.05±0.03ab 0.42±0.09a 1.08±0.25ab 痕量Trace 4.11±0.60ab

20 ℃，500 W，

3 min

 77.69±0.58ab 17.82±0.67ab

0.27±

0.05abc

 0.95±0.01b 0.96±0.11abc 0.48±0.03a 0.66±0.19ab 痕量Trace 4.36±0.20ab
100 ℃，2 h 77.39±1.47ab 17.82±1.31ab

0.34±

0.05ab

 0.85±0.10bc 0.64±0.05d 0.72±0.06a 1.01±0.18ab 痕量Trace 4.36±0.40ab

95～100 ℃，

100 W，3 min

 78.95±1.80ab 15.76±2.17b

0.34±

0.08ab

 1.23±0.01a 0.74±0.08cd 0.56±0.03a 1.07±0.25ab 痕量Trace 5.06±0.81a

95～100 ℃，

300 W，3 min

 79.48±1.72a 16.40±1.82b

0.28±

0.05abc

 0.84±0.17bc 0.72±0.05cd 0.43±0.12a 0.79±0.07ab 痕量Trace 4.88±0.65ab

95～100 ℃，

500 W，3 min

 78.58±0.30ab 17.39±1.34ab

0.20±

0.00bc

 0.73±0.01c 0.83±0.25bcd 0.45±0.30a 0.77±0.24ab 痕量Trace 4.53±0.37ab
Table 3 Monosaccharide composition of water soluble polysaccharides from D. officinale ‘Shenglan No. 8’ under different extract parameters%
Fig. 5 Polysaccharide contents of stems (A) and leaves (B) from different D. officinale cultivars
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