氧化锌纳米颗粒对生菜养分吸收及光合作用的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.03.161

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2023, Vol. 49

Issue (2): 229-240 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.03.161

资源利用与环境保护

氧化锌纳米颗粒对生菜养分吸收及光合作用的影响

牟鲯璃(

),陈开俊,李雨航,李廷强(

)

浙江大学环境与资源学院，污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室，浙江杭州 310058

Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on nutrient uptake and photosynthesis of lettuce

Qili MU(

),Kaijun CHEN,Yuhang LI,Tingqiang LI(

)

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China

全文: PDF(4634 KB) HTML

摘要：

为评价氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO nanoparticles, ZnO NPs）对植物的毒性效应，以生菜为材料，以Zn²⁺和ZnO微米颗粒作为对比，采用水培方法，研究不同质量浓度ZnO NPs（0、5、50、250 mg/L）对生菜养分吸收及光合作用的影响。结果表明：ZnO NPs抑制生菜的生长，随着ZnO NPs质量浓度的升高，生菜生物量明显降低。在5～250 mg/L ZnO NPs处理下，生菜地上部镁、铁、锰、铜含量分别减少18.0%～33.3%、19.0%～28.6%、17.2%～28.3%、17.4%～33.8%。50、250 mg/L ZnO NPs处理显著降低了生菜的叶绿素含量及叶绿体活性。在5～250 mg/L ZnO NPs处理下，生菜净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（C_i）、蒸腾速率（T_r）分别下降33.7%～75.0%、21.3%～36.7%、11.2%～29.0%、30.7%～83.4%，最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）、实际光化学量子产量（Φ_PSⅡ）、电子传递效率等叶绿素荧光参数分别下降6.3%～18.8%、7.0%～14.0%、5.0%～20.0%、5.8%～20.7%。250 mg/L ZnO NPs对生菜光合作用的抑制远大于对应的Zn²⁺释放量及相同质量浓度的ZnO微米颗粒。这些研究结果表明，ZnO NPs可以通过影响生菜矿质养分的吸收、阻碍叶绿素的合成和降低光系统Ⅱ的活性来抑制生菜的光合作用。

关键词： 氧化锌纳米颗粒; 养分吸收; 光合作用; 植物毒性

Abstract:

To evaluate phytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on plants, the effects of 0, 5, 50, 250 mg/L ZnO NPs on nutrient uptake and photosynthesis of lettuce were studied using hydroponic culture with Zn²⁺ and^{bulk ZnO as comparisons. The results showed that ZnO NPs inhibited the growth of lettuce, and biomass of lettuce decreased obviously with the increase of ZnO NPs concentration. Under the 5-250 mg/L ZnO NPs treatments, the contents of magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) in the shoots of lettuce were reduced by 18.0%-33.3%, 19.0%-28.6%, 17.2%-28.3% and 17.4%-33.8%, respectively. Further-more, 50 and 250 mg/L ZnO NPs treatments significantly decreased the chlorophyll content and chloroplast activity of lettuce. Under the 5-250 mg/L ZnO NPs treatments, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (C_i) and transpiration rate (T_r) of lettuce decreased by 33.7%-75.0%, 21.3%-36.7%, 11.2%-29.0% and 30.7%-83.4%, respectively; the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), actual photochemical quantum yield (Φ_PSⅡ), and electron transport rate decreased by 6.3%-18.8%, 7.0%-14.0%, 5.0%-20.0% and 5.8%-20.7%, respectively. The inhibition of 250 mg/L ZnO NPs on the photosynthesis of lettuce was much greater than that of the corresponding Zn²⁺ release amount and bulk ZnO with the same concentration. These results indicate that ZnO NPs can inhibit the photosynthesis of lettuce by affecting the mineral nutrient absorption, hindering the chlorophyll synthesis, and reducing the photosystem Ⅱ activity.}

Key words: zinc oxide nanoparticles nutrient uptake photosynthesis phytotoxicity

收稿日期: 2022-03-16 出版日期: 2023-04-27

CLC:

Q945.78

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(42177008)

通讯作者: 李廷强 E-mail: 21914113@zju.edu.cn;litq@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 牟鲯璃（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1361-5974），E-mail：21914113@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

牟鲯璃,陈开俊,李雨航,李廷强. 氧化锌纳米颗粒对生菜养分吸收及光合作用的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2023, 49(2): 229-240.

Qili MU,Kaijun CHEN,Yuhang LI,Tingqiang LI. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on nutrient uptake and photosynthesis of lettuce. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2023, 49(2): 229-240.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.03.161 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2023/V49/I2/229

图1 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜生长的影响CK：0 mg/L ZnO NPs；NP5：5 mg/L ZnO NPs；NP50：50 mg/L ZnO NPs；NP250：250 mg/L ZnO NPs；BP250：250 mg/L ZnO微米颗粒；Zn2+：5.2 mg/L Zn2+（对应250 mg/L ZnO NPs的Zn2+释放量）（下同）。短栅上不同小写字母表示相同部位的不同处理间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。

表1 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜矿质养分含量的影响

图2 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶绿素含量（A）及叶绿素a/b比值（B）的影响短栅上不同小写字母表示相同成分的不同处理间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。

图3 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶绿体数量及活性的影响A～F：左，叶片横切面；右，叶片上表皮。叶绿体自发荧光呈火红色，细胞壁自发荧光呈绿色。

图4 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶片气体交换参数的影响短栅上不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义，下同。

图5 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶片光响应曲线的影响

表2 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶片光响应曲线拟合参数的影响

图6 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶片Rubisco活性的影响

图7 不同质量浓度ZnO NPs对生菜叶绿素荧光参数的影响

表3 生菜矿质养分含量与光合参数的相关性分析

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