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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2022, Vol. 48 Issue (4): 403-414    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2021.08.101
综述     
根际微生态视角下药用植物连作障碍机制和缓解措施研究进展
瞿瑜婷1(),张前前1,俞叶飞2,沙衣哈力·对先阿力1,蔡琳琳1,张苏炯3,李永夫1,李永春1()
1.浙江农林大学环境与资源学院/亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室，杭州 311300
2.浙江省大盘山国家级自然保护区管理局，浙江 金华 322300
3.磐安县中药产业发展促进中心，浙江 金华 322300
Research advances on mechanisms and preventions of the medicinal plants’ continuous cropping obstacles from the perspective of rhizosphere microecology
Yuting QU1(),Qianqian ZHANG1,Yefei YU2,Sayikal DUYXANALE1,Linlin CAI1,Sujiong ZHANG3,Yongfu LI1,Yongchun LI1()
1.State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2.Administration Bureau of Dapanshan National Nature Reserve, Jinhua 322300, Zhejiang, China
3.Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Innovation of Pan’an County, Jinhua 322300, Zhejiang, China
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摘要：

“植物-土壤-微生物”系统中各种量效关系在连作过程中发生变化，导致根际微生态系统抵御病原微生物的能力降低，已成为制约药用植物品质和产量的关键因素。本文从根际微生态的角度综述了药用植物连作障碍产生的原因及缓解对策，概述该领域存在的问题，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。连作后，药用植物根系及其分泌物与微生物数量、群落结构之间的复杂相互作用发生改变，导致原有根际微生态系统失衡并有利于土传病害的发生。采用植物育种、微生物群落组装等缓解措施协调植物-土壤-微生物组的互作关系，以达到维持土壤生态系统平衡和植物健康的目的，最终提升药用植物的产量与品质。本文建议药用植物连作障碍研究应该重视以植物-病原体关系为主导的根际微生态综合作用过程与机制，为未来药用植物的连作障碍治理和健康发展提供参考。
关键词： 药用植物;  连作障碍;  根际微生态;  调控措施    
Abstract:

The ability of the rhizosphere micro-ecosystem to resist pathogenic microorganisms declined, induced by different dose-effect relations in the “plant-soil-microbe” system, culminating in yield loss and quality deterioration. This paper reviewed the causes of continuous cropping obstacles of medicinal plants and the strategies to mitigate these obstacles from the perspective of rhizosphere microecology. Then we summarized the existing problems in the field and recommended directions for future research. Continuous cropping leads to changes in the complicated interactions between the medicinal plant’s roots and their exudates, as well as the microbial population and community structure, which in turn leads to the imbalance of the original rhizosphere micro-ecosystem and benefits soil-borne diseases. Therefore, based on the interactions between medicinal plants and the rhizosphere environment, this paper proposed various mitigation strategies, including plant breeding, soil microbial community assembly and so on. These strategies could serve to maintain the balance of the soil ecosystem, and consequently plant health, and ultimately improve the yield and quality of medicinal plants. This study recommended that researchers who worked on the continuous cropping obstacles focused on the interactions and mechanisms among plant-soil-microbe which are mediated by the plant-pathogen competition, to provide guidance for the effective management of continuous cropping control and the healthy development of medicinal plants in the future.
Key words: medicinal plants    continuous cropping obstacles    rhizosphere microecology    mitigation strategies
收稿日期: 2021-08-10 出版日期: 2022-09-03
CLC:  S 181  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(32071742);浙江农林大学校级科研创新训练项目(2020KX0053);浙江省金华市科学技术研究计划重点项目(2021-2-004);浙江省磐安县科技计划重点项目(磐科农202102)
通讯作者: 李永春     E-mail: qyt0131@163.com;ycli@zafu.edu.cn
作者简介: 瞿瑜婷（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-5849），E-mail：qyt0131@163.com
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瞿瑜婷
张前前
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沙衣哈力·对先阿力
蔡琳琳
张苏炯
李永夫
李永春

引用本文:

瞿瑜婷,张前前,俞叶飞,沙衣哈力·对先阿力,蔡琳琳,张苏炯,李永夫,李永春. 根际微生态视角下药用植物连作障碍机制和缓解措施研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2022, 48(4): 403-414.

Yuting QU,Qianqian ZHANG,Yefei YU,Sayikal DUYXANALE,Linlin CAI,Sujiong ZHANG,Yongfu LI,Yongchun LI. Research advances on mechanisms and preventions of the medicinal plants’ continuous cropping obstacles from the perspective of rhizosphere microecology. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2022, 48(4): 403-414.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2021.08.101    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2022/V48/I4/403

图1  根际微生物对药用植物健康的影响
图2  根际微生态对药用植物连作障碍的综合作用
图3  植物-微生物免疫防御系统
图4  连作障碍缓解措施
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